AHIMSA PARAMO DHARMAH 
‘Non Violence Is the Supreme Virtue' Says Hinduism. 
Seeing God in every living being, Hinduism inculcates a veneration for every 
thing - Cows, ants etc. Even rivers are considered to be living beings, hence 
venerated as also trees as vouched in the Sastras and expounded scientifically 
by the great Indian Scientist J.C.BOSE.  
  
This reverence is expressed in forms of 'Ahimsa' or nonviolence to animals as 
well as humans and as a result, most pious Hindus are vegetarian. The word 
'Ahimsa' is derived from the root "Han" to kill or 'To damage'. By adding the 
negative prefix it means 'not to kill.  
There are 4 aspects of this negative connotation. 
	1.	Vegetarianism 
      2.	Harmlessnes 
	3.	Pacifism and 
	4.	Passive resistance 
On the positive aspect,  it means compassion (i.e.) Actual assistance to all 
living creatures who are in need.  
      1. Karuna (Intelligent charity) 
      2.  Maitri (Active good deed) and  
      3. Daya (Tender sympathy)  
are its other positive manifestations. 
  
A doubt can arise whether the principle of 'Ahimsa' so loudly proclaimed is 
not inconsistent with the sacrifice of goats, horses(in Aswamedha) etc. 
referred to in the Vedas. No doubt, the Vedas did prescribe some animal 
sacrifices; it even spoke of 'Purushamedha' a human sacrifice.  
  
But, the concept should be viewed in the context in which they were so 
prescribed. The Upanishads which came subsequently to analyze and explain the 
Vedic texts lost no time in clarifying that these sacrifices were more 
symbolic and allegorical than referring to the actual sacrifice of the animals 
or human and that the effects of these sacrifices could be secured by 
substitute materials like Gritha (Ghee), Masha (Black gram) and certain  other 
leafy vegetables. Even today, it may be observed that in the shradda 
ceremonies, Ghee, Rice, Black gram and Thila (sesame seeds) are used, may be 
as substitutes for the sacrifice of living beings. This view has been upheld 
in subsequent recensions and sacrifice of living beings is prohibited by 
Dharma as also by law.