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In the 1950s and 1960s there were evolving etymologies for the word beat. In "The Origins of the Beat Generation," originally published in Playboy magazine in 1959, the year I joined the Bahá'í Faith, the beat poet Jack Kerouac wrote that the word beat originally meant poor, down and out, deadbeat, on the bum, sad and sleeping in subways. He further noted that the word had gained an extended meaning connoting people who "have a certain new gesture, or attitude.”(1) Kerouac suffused the label with positive connotations, a move he later extended into giving "beat" a religious significance. The Beats were for a time, in this evolving etymology, saints in the making who were walking the Earth doing good deeds in the name of sanctitude, holiness and the beatific. There was certainly an element of this in the Bahá'í ethos of the Ten Year Crusade of 1953-1963. Kerouac had at one stage claimed that "beat" was the second religiousness in Western Civilization that the historian Oswald Spengler had prophesized in his Decline of the West in 1918.(2) But, by 1965, he had changed this view of the beats, the beatniks, the counter-culture and, in fact, strongly denounced its entire ethos. By the mid-soaring sixties he had come to see that generation of dissent and dissenters as the very opposite of Spengler’s second-religiousness. He called it “a soaring hysteria.”(3) -Ron Price with thanks to (1) Jack Kerouac, "The Origins of the Beat Generation," in Don Allen, ed., Good Blonde and Others Grey Fox Press, San Francisco, 1994, p. 61; (2) ibid., p.66 and (3) Ann Charters, ed., Jack Kerouac: Selected Letters 1957-1969, Penguin Books, NY, 1999, p. 464. Your notion of Beat as a Spenglerian second coming ended in a very bitter disappointment—millennialbeliever whose apocalypse just never arrived. You denied all political---collectivist implications for the beats & beatniks. You had used the term back in 1951 to describe guys who ran around the land and country in cars looking for jobs and girlfriends, kicks and fun.You remained an on-again off-again beat.....throughout your life, flirting with many religions but always infusing them with a dose of your Catholicism to which you ultimately went back for its order, tenderness and piety as you put in in one of your many letters..... The word "beat" had extended to cover all of America by the end of the sixties and most of the world..youngsters used your On the Road as a search-roadmap.(1) But you abdicated your status as King of the Road as well as King of the Beats.(2) (1) Jack Kerouac(1922-1969), On the Road, 1957. (2) I thank Bent Sørensen for his: “An On & Off Beat: Kerouac's Beat Etymologies,” in philament: An Online Journal of Arts and Culture, April, 2004. Ron Price 2 January 2010

The Love between Krishna and the Gopis is most misunderstood by most people. Krishna never looked at the Gopis froom a physical platform, but from a spiritual platform.