Thiruvaheendhrapuram RathnAngi Kaimkaryam: Part 181 ( Mey Viratha Maanmiyam: Part 7.2 ): Paasurams 226/second chapterof Brahama soothram )

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Dear BhakthAs :

 

Today we will continue to study one of the most brilliant summaries of

the Four Chapters of Brahma Soothrams by Swamy Desikan .

 

The quintessence of each of the chapters is organized in 32 lines

of this paasuram and is set in the poetic Chandha Viruttham of

IrupattheNN SeerAsiriyam .

 

A comparable brilliance in such a Summary of Brahma Soothram

can only be found in his (Swamy Desikan's ) SrI Sookthi of

AdhikaraNa SaarAvaLi in Sanskrit (SrashtA dEhi svanishtO---).

 

Second Chapter of Brahma Soothram

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We will focus now on the 9th to the 16th lines of this Paasuram,

which is a summary of the second Chapter of Brahma Soothram

dealing further with the omnipotent Supreme Brahman that creates all

the sentient and insentient beings of this universe :

 

katthuvikka vala katthuvitthai vazhi

kaRRavarkku asaivu il MaRayinAr

 

Kapilar kaNasaraNar Sukatar Samar arar

vazhigaL azhiyum aruL mozhiyinAr

 

katthu ilakkilum arukkulatthilum

achitthilokkum oru MudhalvanAr

 

karaNam idu kadiya pathinoru irudikamum

adaya mudiyum adi irudiyAr

 

Introduction to the essence of the Second Chapter of Brahma Soothram (BRS)

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Swamy VirEswarAnandhA's summary for background is as follows:

 

The first chapter of BRS established that the VedAntha texts teach only

Brahman, which is completely different from (1) the insentient world of

matter(achEthanam) experienced by direct perception and (2) the sentient

world of intelligent souls either connected with matter in a state of

bondage as Bhaddha Jeevan or freed of it as Muktha Jeevan .

 

This Brahman was saluted as the repository of infinite auspicious attributes

and free from all imperfections ; this Brahman was recognized as the ONE

and ONLY cause of this chEtha-achEthana prapancham ( sentient and

insentient world ) and the INNER SELF OF EVERY THING.

 

" The second chapter of BRS is begun to strengthen the above position

by refuting al possible arguments that may be brought against it.To start

with , the author of BRS takes up the objection that this view would

contradict the Saankya Smruthi of Sage Kapila , who is recognized

on all hands as a trustworthy authority on matters supra-sensous ".

 

Swamy Desikan's summary of the Second chapter of BRS

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There are four Paadhams for the Second cahpter as well.

Swamy Desikan devotes tqo lines of this Paasuram for

each of these Paadhams .

 

2nd Chapter of BRS : 1st Paadham ( lines 9-10)

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In protests against the Jagath KaaraNathvam of Brahman

by Para Matha VaadhikaL , the branch of Vaadham known

as Jalpam was used. Those arguments to question the unassailable

truth that Brahman is the sole cause for the origin of the Universe

and its beings turned out to be futile .All these virOdhams (disputations)

pointed out by Para matha Vaadhins quoting smruthis and yukthis

were quelled by the vichithra sakthi of the Supreme Being(Brahman).

These Jalpa Vaadhams were pulverized.

 

2nd Chapter of BRS : 2nd Paadham ( Lines 11-12)

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Here , the subject is the glories of the Supreme Being that

blessed us with the PaancharAthra Saasthram to defeat

the incorrect Vaadhams of Sage Kapila , KaNAthar, Buddha ,

Jaina , SaivAs ( Paasupatha Matham ) and all such Mathams .

The Lord of Kaanchipuram is saluted as " VazhigaL azhiyum aruL

MozhiyinAr " ( the giver of the boon of PaancharAthra Soothram

that helped to banish the faulty doctrines of Para Mathams ).

 

2nd Chapter of BRS : 3rd Paadham ( Lines 13-14)

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The essence of the third Paadham of the 1st chapter of BRS

is the omnipotence of Brahman that creates the PanchabhUthams and

the Indhriyams based on them as well as the Jeeva vargams based on

the tatthvams like MahAn, ahankAram et al.

 

The Pancha bhUthams behind indhriyams is described as " khatthu

ilakku " . The Jeeva Vargams and achEthanams defined by Mahaan ,

ahankAram and related tatthvams is referred to as "arukkulam".

That Lord VaradarAjan is the creator of the Pancha bhUthams ,

the world of sentients and insentients in the proper srishti kramam

is recognized with saluting Him as " oru MudhalvanAr" ( Srusthi

karthA and one and only Jagath kaaraNa bhUthan ).

 

2nd Chapter of BRS: the 4th Paadham ( Lines 15-16)

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The SaarArTam (quintessence ) of the fourth Paadham is

that the arguments of Para Mathams that prakruthi (matter )

is the moola kAraNam for the world can not be supported

by Vedam and VedAntham (Upanishads).PoorvAchAryAs of

VisishtAdhvaitha darsanam in general and AchArya RaamAnuja

in particular through His SrI Bhaashyam has proven that Iswaran

alone ( and not achEthanam/Prakruthi) could be the root cause

of Jagath Srushti.Such VaishNavite AchAryAs have thus established

the limitless Vaibhavam of SrIman NaarAyaNan as the Supreme

Brahman . Swamy Desikan pointed out earlier that VedAs and the path

shown by the Vedaas (MaRai neRi/ Veda Maargam ) are eternal

and imperishable. Those which are outside the Veda Maargam

which point out to any tatthvam as Jagath KaaraNam are untenable

and absurd based on PramANams ( sithaivu il/azhivaRRavai) .

 

In the fourth paadham of the second chapter that the Lord

as the Supreme being is behind the origin of the 11 Indhriyams

( 5 Jn~na Indhriyams , 5 Karma Indhriyams and Manas ) :

" pathinoru irudikamum adaya mudiyum adi ".He is the cause

( KaaraNam ) for the Indhriyams as well.

 

Swamy Desikan ThiruvadigaLE SaraNam ,

SrImath Azhagiya Singar Thiruvadi ,

Oppiliappan Koil VaradAchAri Sadagopan