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Two questions on Indic languages

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Dear Netters,

 

I request your input on two questions I have:

 

1) I am trying to find the etymology of some words. I notice that

some retroflex sounds in Hindi 'become' (ie correspond to) dentals in

Marathi, e.g.

ThaNDa_ (Hindi) thaNDa (Marathi) (meaning cold)

Tu_T (Hindi) tuT (Marathi) (verb stem 'to break)

 

Is there a study of these correspondences, and have general rules for

these changes worked out? Is there a technical term for this

phenomenon?

 

2) I find some Sanskrit words with a final long vowel -A, whose Hindi

tadbhavas drop the final -A. eg.

AshA (Sanskrit) As (Hindi) (hope, desire)

vINA (Sanskrit) bIn (Hindi) (lute, musical instrument)

senA (Sanskrit) sen (Hindi) (army)

Is there a technical term for this phenomenon? Is it sufficiently

frequent a phenomenon to command a name for itself?

 

Thank you,

 

Dileep

dskaranth

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