Guest guest Posted March 14, 2000 Report Share Posted March 14, 2000 SAMASHRAYANAM An explanation of a fivefold Sacrament in Vaishnavam by KaraLapAkkam Anand Table of Contents: I. Introduction 1. Neccessity of Spiritual Knowledge 2. Approaching the AchArya of Sri Vaishnava Parampara 3. What is Samashrayanam ? II. Pancha SamskAram 1. thApa SamskAram 2. Pundra SamskAram 3. Nama SamskAram 4. Mantra SamskAram 5. YAgA SamskAram III. Life After Samashrayanam I Introduction 1. Neccessity of Spiritual Knowledge Any intelligent person will have queries like "Who am I?" ; "Who is God?" ; "What is my duty ?" ; "Why am I suffering through the process of birth , old age , disease and death ?" ; "What is death ?";"What is the relationship between myself and God ?"; etc. These are highly important queries which leads one to know the actual realities. The fact is that ,everyone is individually a spiritual entity called jIvAtmA , who is eternally subservient to the Supreme Lord Sriman NArAyanA . Due to the karmA (good and bad activities) associated with the jIvAtmA , it takes varieties of bodies like that of a bacteria , plant , bird ,animal , human being etc.It is very very rare to get a human body. Once a jivAtmA gets the highly precious human body , he ('he' refers to jIvAtmA eventhough there is no gender associated) has to start knowing about the actual purpose of life . There may be so many varieties of knowledge floating around . But he has to pick up the 'sAram'(essence). He should choose that type of knowledge which will answer all such important queries as raised above. These fundamental queries are answered by the spiritual knowledge. Materialistic knowledge (as explained by modern science etc) finally doesn't help the jIvAtmA.For instance , a glorified Nobel Laureate may take the body of donkey in the next birth. What is then the Credit of being a Nobel Laureate in his human birth ? The purpose of human birth is to have the realisation of God ( Sriman NArAyanA). If this human body is used for other purposes ,then the activities of that person boils down to eating , sleeping and mating. Ofcourse , this is the way an animal also spends its life. As long as one identifies himself as a body made of flesh and not as a jIvAtmA , he leads a life of an animal and thereby wastes the most precious human body. The greatness of Spiritual Knowledge is that it makes one understand the truth that he is a jIvAtmA, subservient to Sriman NArAyanA and not the body housing him . It also gives the processes ( Bhakti YogA and Prapatti ) by which one can terminate the repeated cycles of birth and death in this material world , and reach the spiritual kingdom of Sriman NArAyanA known as "Vaikuntam", thereby attaining complete bliss. One has to start knowing about himself first ,rather than speculating about matter. Without knowing the answer for the question "Who Am I ?" , what is use of studying so many other things ? Without knowing the purpose of human life , what is the use of engaging in varieties of activities ? So an intelligent seeker of knowledge gets hold of the spiritual knowledge which is complete in itself and thus understands the Ultimate knowledge one needs to know. 2. Approaching the AchAryA of Sri Vaishnava ParamparA Spiritual Knowledge is something which is far beyond the materialistic knowledge gained through a study of modern science . It is far beyond the reach of one's senses. One can't understand these things on his own. Even for learning materialistic things which are highly evident to our eyes (senses in general ) ,one has to go to school for years together.This process of learning from experienced persons goes on and on. Now , What to speak of Spiritual Knowledge , which deals with the relationship existing between the three realities namely 1.IshwarA (Supreme Lord) : Sriman NArAyanA (NArAyanA who is ever united with Sri ) 2.ChetanAs ( entities with knowledge) : jivAtmAs 3.achetanAs( entities without knowledge) : Matter , Time, SuddhaSattvA Obviously , one has to approach a person who has this type of knowledge. But so many pose themselves to know this. How to find a bonafide AchAryA ? The answer to this is really simple . The Supremely merciful Lord Sriman NArAyanA reveals the spiritual knowledge to His most ardent devotees.They in turn instruct these things to others. This is called as a "ParamparA" .Thus, NArAyanA Himself becomes the first AchAryA and the knowledge revealed in the paramparA is nothing but what NArAyanA Himself has revealed. This chain of tradition beginning from Sriman NArAyanA is also known as the "SatSampradAyam" . Sri Vaishnava SampradAyam has Supreme Lord NArAyanA as the first AchAryA , followed by His belowed consort 'Sri' ( MahALakshmi ), Sri Vishvaksenar ( Commander in chief of Sri Vaikuntam ) , Saint ShatagopA (NammAzhvAr) , Sri NAthamuni , Sri PundarIkAkshA ( UyyakkondAr ) , Sri RAmamishrA ( ManakkAl Nambi ) , Sri YAmunAchAryA , Sri Ghoshti PUrnA ( Peria Nambi ) , Sri Bhagavad RAmAnujA, ....SwAmi Desikan and so on down to our present AchAryAs. Sri Ahobila Mutt was founded by the Supreme Lord Lakshmi Nrusimhan Himself , by initiating a twenty year old genius and supremely devout brahmachAri named kidAmbi SrinivAsAchAryA of Melkotte . This AchAryA is very well known as Sri Adivan Shatagopa Yateendra MahAdesikan .. The current AchAryA of this illustrious Ahobila Mutt is Sri Lakshmi Nrusimha Divya pAduka Sevaka Srivan Shatagopa Sri NArAyana Yateendra MahAdesikan. The knowledge coming through the SriVaishnava SampradAyam (SatSampradAyam) is thus faultless. So, ONLY the AchAryA belonging to the SatSampradAyam is bonafide. Such an AchAryA is called as a "sadAchAryA" ( Ideal Preceptor). He will be well versed in the spiritual knowledge delineated by Sanskrit VedAs (including Upanishads ), Tamil VedAs (Divya Prabandham by AzhvArs) , Rahasya TrayA ,Brahma SutrAs , Smrithis , IthihAsAs ( RAmAyanam and MahAbhAratham), SAthvIka PurAnAs (like Vishnu purAnam , Srimad BhAgavatham ), PAncharAtrA , VaikhAnasa AgamA & other Vedic Literatures. The Supreme Lord Sriman NArAyanA , in His merciful avatAram as Sri KrishnA , instructs everyone to approach the sadAchAryA. In His GIta Upadesam , Sri KrishnA says "Learn the spiritual knowledge by prostrating , by questioning and by service to Wise men (sadAchAryAs) , who sees the truth .They (sadAchAryAs) will teach it to you " (4.34). Thus the person desirous of becoming linked to the Sri Vaishnava SampradAyam, approaches the SadAchAryA with great humility.One cannot attain a sadAchAryA easily . The reasons behind the acquisition of a sadAchAryA are : i.Sriman NArAyanA's benevolence . ii.Merit acquired accidentally. iii.Grace of Sriman NArAyanA . iv.No aversion towards Sriman NArAyanA. v.Listened to the anectodes of NArAyanA ( Stories about avatArams of NArAyanA like NrusimhA,RAmA and KrishnA etc) and eagerness to learn. vi.Conversed with devotees of NArAyanA. So, one should be highly fortunate to attain a sadAchAryA .AchAryA ( Henceforth used to refer sadAchAryA ) has every right to test that person ,even for many years, before he can be initiated by him. Thus, SamAshrayanam is a result of great mercy from the part of our AchAryAs.Only the highly fortunate souls gets this rarest oppurtunity of getting initiated ( SamAshrayanam ) and thereby become a "Sri VaishnavA" . 3. What is Samashrayanam ? SamAshrayanam means 'to approach (AchAryA) with all sincerity'.In a nut shell , during 'SamAshrayanam' ,the AchAryA initiates a person , irrespective of caste,creed or sex, as his sishyA. It is a commitment from the disciple that he or she will live as per the wishes of the AchAryA. Thus the person gets the link to the Sri Vaishnava paramparA. During SamAshrayanam ,Pancha SamskAram (five fold Purifications) is performed and he becomes a "Sri VaishnavA". The five samskArams and its main purposes are 1.thApam : To emboss the impressions of heated Sankha and ChakrA on the arms ( near the shoulders ). 2.pundram : To wear the dvAdasa OOrdhva pundram ( 12 Thiruman & Srichoornam ) 3.nAmam : To be christened by the AchAryA afresh as "RAmAnuja dAsan" (addition of 'dAsA' at the end of ones name) to indicate that one is forever a servant of the Supreme Lord Sriman NArAyanA and BhagavAn RAmAnujA . 4.manthram : To get the initiation of "Rahasya Traya MantrAs" - AshtAksharam , Dvayam and charama slokam . 5.Ijyai : To learn the worship of Supreme Lord Sriman NArAyanA in proper form ( Bhagavad ThiruvArAdhanam) . II. Pancha SamskAram In general,the human body must undergo many samskArams.This is done basically to make the body more pure and thereby aid the jIvAtmA in the path of Spiritualism , which culminates in God- Realisation.The greatest stumbling block for one's advancement in Spiritualism is their body itself, which is a result of their previous karmAs.So , sAstrAs prescribe various varnA specific samskArams like JAtakarmA , NAmakaranA , Upanayanam etc. Pancha SamskAram is superior to all such samskArams .One is not a born "Sri VaishnavA". It is this "Pancha SamskAram" that makes him one. Millions and Millions of janmAs(births) were simply wasted without becoming a "Sri VaishnavA".It is this highly sacred "Pancha SamskAram" which gives the real "birth" to the jIvAtmA. Since all the previous births were simply spent in the darkness of ignorance , they don't have any value . The real meaning of life starts, only when one becomes a "Sri VaishnavA" . Since "Pancha SamskAram" marks the beginning of the true life one has to lead , it is a VERY VERY SPECIAL EVENT for the person undergoing it . "IyengAr" means 'Iyndu angam Udayavar'or'Iyndu kAryangaL Udayavar'. These five refers to the 'Pancha SamskAram'. It also means the fiva angAs of prapatti. We can in general say that this PanchaSamskAram gives one the name "IyengAr". 1. thApa SamskAram This is the first samskAram . The AchAryA embosses the impressions of Conch (Shankam) and Discuss (Sudarshana chakram) on the left and right arms of the disciple, respectively . To give an analogy in the materialistic world , a sales representive wears a logo representing the organization for which he is working. Factually , we ( JIvAtmAs) are servants of the Supreme Lord Sriman NArAyanA. So ,we also identify ourselves through the things which uniquely represent Him. NArAyanA holds the Conch(PAnchaJanyam) in His Left Hand and the Sudarshana Chakram in His right Hand.So ,we also bear the same way .Any highly fortunate jivAtmA ,who becomes a devotee of Lord Vishnu will be very happy about wearing Shankam and Chakram . The AchAryA with great devotion recites the mantrAs to invoke Sriman NArAyanA and His weapons Sudarshana Chakram & PAnchajanyam .The Supremely merciful NArAyAnA abides by it.The Lord and His weapons thus become present in the Agni (Fire ).Then, AchAryA prays specifically to the divine weapons to be eternally present with the disciples for whom Pancha SamskAram is being performed. The emblem of "Sudarshana ChakrA" is heated in the agni and is embossed on the right hand , by chanting a hymn, which translates into "Oh! Sudarshana MahAJwAlA (Highly resplendent), as lusturous as crores of Sun , please show me , an ignorant one, the path of Lord Vishnu" . Then , the emblem of "PAnchajanyam" is heated in the fire and is embossed on the left hand , by chanting a hymn , which translates into "Oh! PAnchajanyA! You are capable of driving away the sins of individuals through your sound. Please protect me , a sinner , from this samsArA ". In Sri Ahobila Mutt , the procedure is much simpler since the emblems of ShankA and chakrA were given by the most merciful Lord Sri Lakshmi Nrusimhan Himself , to Sri Adivan Shatagopa Yateendra MahAdesikan. This is a highly powerful samskAram . SudarshanAzhvAr's (ChakrA) mercy to the devotees of Sriman NArAyanA is highly glorifiable. No one can forget the wonderful way in which SudarsanAzhvAr chased DhurvAsa Muni for his BhAgavadha apachArA unto the great VaishnavA "Ambarish". That is the way in which Sri SudarsanAzhvAr extends his mercy to protect the devotees.He wards off the evil elements and thereby makes a nice pathway for the devotee to engage in Bhagavad Kainkaryam . Nowadayas , SudarsanAzhvAr is popular amongst the 'mooda bhakthAs' ie. those people who pray for the fulfillment of their cheap materialistic desires.Its really a pity that eventhough SudarsanAzhvAr is highly merciful to ward off all the evil obstacles that obstruct a person from developing pure bhakti or performing prapatti,these people keep pestering him regarding their materialistic desires. The divine conch 'PAnchajanyam' shatters all the evils through transcendental sound . The most important aspect is that we have to realize our ignorant way of leading the life. The whole life should be packed with ONLY devotional services (kainkaryAs) unto Sriman NArAyanA and His devotees.If we are even an inch shorter to it , it clearly implies that we are ignorant.But , attaining the mood of kainkaryA is not a material phenomena.One must deeply depend on the mercy of AchAryAs and BhAgavathAs.This is the only way to get it. But before coming to this position , one has to know that doing kainkaryam to the Divya Dampati ( Sri and NArAyanA )is the ultimate goal of life . Thats why , we pray to SudarshanAzhvAr to show us the path of Vishnu . SudarshanAzhvAr will lead us to do prapatti and by becoming a prapanna , one will be ever ecstatic in performing various kainkaryAs .But , how will he help us if we don't want this from the depth of our hearts ? In addition to our unwillingness to completely surrender to the lotus feet of Sriman NArAyanA , there are so many nefarious traps in this world of samsArA. Since everyone is allured by this and indulge nicely in the materialistic activities , they pile up the sins.So, already being a sinner , who is attracted by all the petty materialistic things , we pray to 'PAnchajanyam' for his protection from 'SamsArA' (materialistic world). ThApa SamskAram is highly glorified by the sAstrAs in various places. Some of them are as follows : 1.Brahmasooktha in the Atarva Mahopanishad says " ChakrA in the right shoulder and Sankha in the left shall be worn" . 2.The Pushkala Samhita in Rig VedA says " Oh vishnu ! The learned wear the holy Sankha - Chakra to cross the ocean of samsArA ". 3.Atarva vedA says " By adorning the armour of the Lord , we shall live happily in this world and reach the abode of the Lord ( conveying that others cannot reach Sri Vaikuntam ) " 4.In the Vishnu Tattvam , the passage narrating about NarakalokA says " Wearing of Sankha and ChakrA informs the relationship with Vishnu . The sentries of YamA are afraid of them . The world will perish if they are belittled . The devotees of Vishnu are never seen in YamA's place due to the glory of Sriman NArAyanA " . 5.BheeshmaparvA of MahAbhArathA says " All shall , as ordained in the PAncharAtrA SAstrA preached by Lord SankarshanA ( NArAyanA ) , wear the chakrA mark. They only are eligible to worship BhagavAn Vishnu ( Bhagavad ArAdhanam ) " 6.VarAhapurAnam glorifies the persons wearing the hot seals of the Supreme Lord Sriman NArAyanA on their arms (shoulders) . It says that these devotees ultimately reach Sri Vaikuntam . 7.Garuda PurAnam says that only those who have been affixed with the Sankha and ChakrA are eligible to take part in the ceremony to forefathers. Atarva vedA is very clear in the regard that one should adorn the heated symbols of Sriman NArAyanA on ones body , and continues to say that only such people attain the Supreme Abode ( Sri Vaikuntam). Rig VedA is also categorical that the Sankha and chakrA be heated and adorned. Any intelligent person ,after getting so much help from the divine weapons of Sriman NArAyanA , should proceed further to become a true Sri VaishnavA in practise. Thus the AchAryA out of his dayA does this "thApA SamskArA" for the upliftment of the sishyA from the world of samsArA .Further, the disciple with Anjali MudrA should regularly chant the two hymns through which this samskAram has been performed and thereby derive the supreme protection from SudarsanAzhvAr and PAnchajanyam . 2. Pundra SamskAram The achAryA makes the disciple aware of the places in the body where the 'upavyUha' forms of the Supreme Lord Sriman NArAyanA, are to be saluted.The sishya becomes fortunate enough to know the names of the Lord and pirAtti ,associated with each 'upavyUha' form of NArAyanA and also comes to know about the way in which he has to offer his salutations. From the para-vAsudevA ( Sri Vaikuntam) form ,NArAyanA emanates into the four vyuha forms namely VAsudevA ( Vyuha VAsudevA) , SaNkarshaNA , PradyumnA and AniruddhA . From each of these four vyuha forms , NArAyanA emanates into three sub-vyuha forms known as 'upavyuha'(vyuhAntarA) forms. VAsudevA -> KeSavA ,NArAyanA, MAdhavA SaNkarshaNA -> GovindA , Vishnu , MadhusUdhanA PradyumnA -> TrivikramA, VAmanA, SridharA AniruddhA -> HrusIkeSA, PadmanAbhA, DAmodarA There are some minor differences in these forms of Sriman NArAyanA.All these different forms of our merciful Lord are highly relished by different Yogis deeply meditating upon Sriman NArAyanA. For instance , let us take the case of sweets .Each one relishes a particular variety of sweet more than the other ones ..Similarly ,the taste of the Yogis /BhakthAs also differs .Each one gets attracted to a particular feature of Sriman NArAyanA. Each 'upavyUha' form of Sriman NArAyanA is externally represented by the 'OOrdhva pundram'(Thiruman kaapu).The 'thiruman' represents the Lord and the 'Sri Choornum' represents PirAtti.The salutation to the Lord has to be done with folded hands ( Anjali Mudra ) : "KeSavAya Namaha" prefixed by pranavA, "MAdhavAya Namaha" prefixed by pranavA etc. The salutation to the pirAtti is also done in a similar way : "Sriyai Namaha" , prefixed by pranavA , "AmrutodhbhavAyai Namaha" , prefixed by pranavA etc. The thiruman (white color) should be like the outline of NArAyanA's Lotus foot. Sri choornum is yellow in color since the thirumeni of pirAtti (divine body) is Golden in color. Since Red Color is for mangaLam (pirAtti) , some do wear red colored Sri Choornum. Any photograph of GodA pirAtti (AndAL) shall reveal the way in which the ladies has to wear thiruman on their foreheads . There is an unwritten convention among ladies to wear Red Sri Choornum if they are SumangalIs & Yellow Sri Choornum if they are widows. OOrdhva Pundram is vertical and faces upwards denoting that it helps one in reaching 'Sri Vaikuntam' , the spiritual abode of Sriman NArAyanA.These twelve OOrdhvapundrams are known as the 'DvAdasa OOrdhvapundram '. The location of the Thiruman kaapu , forms , names and colour of all the UpavyUha forms of NArAyanA are as follows : Location (part of Human Body) Forms of Lord for Meditation Name & Colour of Lord Name of PirAtti Forhead (Golden) ChakrA in all Four Hands KeshavA Sri Lower Abdomen (Middle) Conch (SankA) in all Four Hands NArAyanA (Blue cloud) Amruthodhbava Chest Mace in all Four Hands MAdhavA (Gem) Kamala Front Neck (Middle) Bow in all Four Hands Govinda (Moon) Chandrasodari Lower Abdomen (Right) Ploughshares in all Four Hands Vishnu (Lotus Filament) Vishnu Patni Right Arm Pounding Rod in all Four Hands MadhusUdhanA (Lotus) Vaishnavi Neck (Right) Sword in al Four Hands TrivikramA (Sparkling Fire) VarAroha Lower Abdomen (left) Thunder Bolt in all Four Hands vAmanA (Rising Sun) Hari VallabhA Left Arm Axe in all Four Hands SridharA (Lotus) ShArngini Neck (left) Crow-bar in all Four Hands HrusIkeSA (Lightening) Deva DEvikA Back (Lower Spinal) All weapons in all Eight Hands PadmanAbhA (Lustre of Sun) MahALakshmi Back (Upper Spinal) Whip in all Four Hands DAmodarA (Silk-worm) Surasundari First of all , all the 12 OOrdhvapundrams , starting from Lord KesavA should be adorned at appropriate places with proper salutations . After this , one might be left with some amount of thiruman . In accordance with the traditions of Sannidhi SampradAyam (Sri Ahobila Mutt) the remaining thiruman should be smeared on top of ones head while meditating on Lord VAsudevA through dvAdasAksharam . Then , Sri Choornum at all the appropriate places should be worn .The remaining Sri Choornum should be smeared on top of one's head while saluting pirAtti as "SarvAbhishta phala pradAyai Namaha " prefixed by pranavam . The upavyUha forms of NArAyanA also represent the twelve suns in the Universe corresponding to the twelve zodiacs of the universe . KeSavA is the presiding deity of month MArghazhi, NArAyanA is the presiding deity of month 'thai' and so on.They are the presiding deities of the twelve AdityAs. Thus , the sishyA gets the unique previlege to wear the Thiruman kAppu. So, only after SamAshrayanam should one wear the dvAdasa OOrdhva pundram .From then onwards, the sishyA (including ladies) WITHOUT FAIL should wear them. All the evils fly away on seeing the thiruman kAppu (kAppu => protection). Materialistic people apply varieties of powder & cream to their faces,hands etc .They keep on polishing this temporary body with their deep materialistic attachment towards it.They more over put many more ornaments over the lump of flesh(body) and foolishly think that they look beautiful. The very basic understanding is that one is a jIvAtmA ( soul) who is ever subservient to the Divya Dampati, and not the lump of matter housing it. The BEST ORNAMENT for the body is THIRUMAN KAAPU. This should be applied with great humility , thanking AchAryA and Sriman NArAyanA for their mercy . One should be really proud of the fact that he is a servant of NArAyanA .He should be highly enthusiastic to wear the thiruman kAApu for the reason that it reminds him of the servant - master relationship eternally existing between himself and the Supreme Master Sriman NArAyanA. Materialistic people take pride in identifying themselves as a 'fan' ( follower) of some other materialist ( cinema star , sports hero etc) , who is also a jIvA suffering in this whirlpool of samsArA . These so-called 'stars' of the material world are going to take bodies like donkey,cat etc in their future births .They are followed by thousand fools who are also going to take such bodies in the next births.Materialists are highly ignorant fools because, their level of understanding that someone is 'great' is highly limited. Once one becomes a fan of the greatest of all greats 'Sriman NArAyanA' , he CANNOT become a fan of any other person (except NArAyanAs staunch devotees).Even the greatness of demigods like BrahmA ,SivA & IndrA in comparison with the greatness of Supreme Lord Sriman NArAyanA is like the brightness of a small spark of light in front of the brightness of millions of suns. A Sri VaishnavA is thus never attracted to even any of the demigods ( what to speak of tiny materialists in earth). One who gets attracted to NArAyanAs divya mangala vigraha ; kalyAna gunAs ; avatAra lIlAs as in NrusimhA , RAmA and KrishnA avAtAra ; Holy Names etc can never turn back to anything short of it. It is furthermore a duty of a Sri VaishnavA to follow what the AchAryA has taught him during samAshrayanam.Some may feel that they are ignorant about these facts .But , they also see so many Sri VaishnavAs, wearing the thiruman kApu and thus should automatically enquire into it.But , there are some who even after knowing that they should wear the DvAdasa OOrdhva pundram daily , doesn't wear them out of shyness.Actually ,this is due to their ignorance. Any devotee of Sriman NArAyanA is never a cheap personality . He is the most glorifiable one. So , one should wear them with love and enthusiasm without any hesitation. Once one understands about the glories of Sriman NArAyanA and the eternal connection existing between himself and the Lord , he will automatically wear the dvAdasa OOrdhva pundram. One can talk a lot about VedAs, PurAnAs etc. If he doesn't put their teachings into practice, there is no use in learning them.NArAyanA gets pleased when one follows the sAstrAs .Moreover , if it is a upadesA from an AchAryA and is followed by the sishyA , NArAyanA gets pleased to a much greater extent.At the same time , if a sishyA doesn't follow the AchAryA, NArAyanA will never be pleased with him. So, if a Sri VaishnavA doesn't wear the OOrdhva pundrams , he is obviously not following the AchAryA and thereby becomes avaishnavA in practice . Moreover , sAstrAs says that a body without OOrdhvaPundram is equivalent to a Cemetery (burial place). In extreme circumstances ,when one is not able to wear the dvAdasa OOrdhvapundrams , salutations to Sriman NArAyanA at the twelve places , with Anjali MudrA , should atleast be performed without fail . The katA portion in YajurvedA says " One who prays to the Supreme Lord Vishnu by wearing the OOrdhvapundram and by accepting the hot chakrA on the shoulder , reaches the Supreme Lord Himself ". Such is the glory of pundram and thApa samskAram. Talk to your friends online with Messenger. http://im. Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
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