Bhaghavath Gita lectures by Sri Sathyadhyana Theertha, Chapter 4, Part 1

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hari sarvottamma, vaayu jiivottamma

 

shrI gurubhyo namaha

 

Sri Vyasarajaru has collected everything of our Madhwamatha in one shloka

 

shrIman-madhva- mate hariH parataraH satyaM jagat.th |

tattvato bhedO jIvagaNAH hareranucharAH nIchOchcha ||

bhAvaN^gataH mukthirnaijasukhAnubhUtiramalAbhaktishcha |

tatsAdhanam.h hyaxAditrayaM pramANamakhilAmnAyaikavedyo hariH ||

 

ACHARYA MADHWA'S DOCTRINE.

 

Meaning:

 

1. Hari is sarvoththamma, 2. Jagath Sathya, 3. Paramarthika panchabheda

4. Jeevas are servants of Vishnu 5. Different grades among jeevas 6.

Mukthi is the enjoyment

of svarupananda of jeevas 7. Bhakthi is the means of realising salvation

8. Prathyaksha, Anumana & Agama are only three means of establishing truth

9. All vedhas praise Vishnu alone. These nine prameyas are most important

in Madhwamatha.

Details on this premeya stothra can be seen in

http://www.dvaita.org/shaastra/prameya.html

 

ESTABLISHMENT OF DEPENDENCE OF JEEVA OR JEEVAS ARE SERVANTS OF VISHNU OR

SUBORDINATE TO VISHNU. (JEEVAPARATHANTHRA SAMARTHANA, JIVAGANAH

HARERANUCHARAHA)

 

Question: Swamiji, just as by looking at the face, you can say who is

Hanumantha, in the same way, just with a glance in different direction one

can understand that all jeevas are not the servants of Vishnu. People

following Saiva, sakthya systems are not servants of Vishnu. Duryodhana was

not a Vishnu bhaktha is a well known fact.

 

Answer: You have not understood the actual meaning of our statement. When

it is said that all jeevas are subordinate to Vishnu, it does not mean that

all the jeevas are Vishnu bhakthas, or they are devoted in serving Vishnu.

When it is said all people in Mysore state are subordinate to the Maharaja,

it only means that all such people are bound by or fall within the purview

of our Lord's power of all powerful & independent Vishnu & chethanas are not

independent to do anything over looking the authority of control of Vishnu.

Further, they can not order paramathma to do anything of their liking. They

may beg him or request him but not order him.

 

Question: Swamiji, it is all right but what are the sentences that state in

Geetha that all the chethanas are subordinate to Vishnu?

 

Answer: It is very wonderful. It is like after hearing Ramayana, through

out the night, next morning, one asking how Rama is related to Sita. We

have established Vishnu Sarvoththamma, after quoting many slokas. From

this, it is clear that all others are inferior to Vishnu & they are under

his control.

2. We have quoted slokas before from Geetha to show that devathas like

brahma are inferior to paramathma.

3. To show that Vishnu is parabrahma (Supreme Lord) qualities like

purnanandathva, independence etc have been shown. Every one of these is

able to prove that jeevas are dependent on God etc... The unimaginable

power of paramathma makes every one subordinate to him.

4. One can easily infer that jeevas are dependent on god & are his

subordinates, by the orders of God to jeevas that one should do such & such

karma that one should not expect or aspire for any particular result from

any particular karma he does.

 

(BG 5-14,15) Paramathma who is the prabhu does not give any freedom to

jeeva in followign the karmas like agnihothra & in phala which is a result

of the action jeeva has taken & in fixing the particular result for

particular karma. If one questions how karma can take place if the jeeva

has no independence in doing the karma & in the results from the karma done

by the jeeva & in actual realiation of the result of Karma , it is said that

" Svabhavasthu paravarthathe " i.e. everything is being prompted by Krishna

only. Here " Svabhava " means paramathma. THis amounts that always in

everything, paramathma does not give any freedom of action to jeeva & God

himself is the independent doer of everything. If it is said that let him

be answerable to both good & bad, that may result from all action. It is

not so since God is so powerful that he is not independently either able to

do a karma, or get it done by others. He cannot award punya or papa for the

work done by him or the work done by others.

 

Always it is only the independent paramathma that can do a karma

independently & independently cause either pleasure or pain for any karma

done by others. The independent paramathma is the cause for the result of

all karmas either as papa or as punya. Jeeva independently neither can

cause pleasure or pain nor can he experience. From these sentences, it is

clear since jeevas are always dependent, they do work as dependents on God.

Since paramathma has been the inner controller of everyone, every where

(antheryami) the service rendered by a jeeva to any body would become the

service rendered to the antheryami of that person (ie. paramathma) one who

awards the return for seva is the antheryami only. In Chandhogya upanishad,

it is said " veenayam.... yethan thegayami " musician in the court of the king

perform that performance is meant, for the paramathma who is the antheryami

of the king & one who is pleased in the music performance & awards money etc

is also the paramathma. The king is only an instrument (Nimiththa) mathra

on this basis only. Krishna has said that devotion rendered by a devotee to

any other God is also devotion done to Krishna & it is Krishna himself who

grants the phala to the devotee (even) though the devotee may not know these

facts.

 

Further he has said the jeevas that render devotion to other gods do so not

inderstanding that they are doing karma as subordinates tof paramathma &

that they are submitting their karma to paramathma to award phala for them.

" Akasathpathi thom thoyam yathagachchathi sagarm;sarvadheva namuskaraha

kesavam prathigachchathi " This Mantra is sandhya vandhana also gives the

same meaning.

 

Question: Swamiji, where is this seen? Is it possible for any one to think

that he is not a servent of the king while doing service to him?

 

TO BE

CONTINUED.................................................................

 

Lectures on Bhaghavath Geetha (Dhwaitha Siddhantha Vaijayanthi) by H. H.

Sri Sathya Dhyana Thirtha Sri Padhangalavaru, Uttradhi Mutt

Translated into English by Sri Krishnamurthy

 

Published by Sri M. R. Krishnamurthy & Sri M. N. Gururaja Rao of Mumbai

 

Printed at:

Parishree Printers

100/3 Nagappa Street

Palace Guttahalli

Bangalore 5600 04

Telephone # (80)368286

 

All rights remain with Uttradhi Mutt, Basavangudi, Bangalore 560004

Permission was given to post it in this list by the Uttradhi Mutt

authorities & by Sri SathyAthma Thirtha Swamiji of Uttradhi Mutt.

 

bhAratIramaNamukhyaprANA.ntargata shri kR^iShNArpanamasthu

.............................................................................