Some Definitions- 2

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Some definitions- 2

 

All these definitions are given in Devanagari script at

http://www.geocities.com/snsastri/definitions.pdf

 

5. svargaH (Heaven)

yanna duHkhena sambhinnam na ca grastam anantaram |

abhilAShopanItam ca tat sukham svaHpadAspadam |

tat sukham- That happiness, yat- which, duHkhena- with sorrow,

na sambhinnam- not mixed, na ca- nor also, anantaram- subsequently, grastam- not affected,

abhilAShopanItam ca- and which is got by mere wish,

svaHpadAspadam- is the happiness in the realm known as svaH (svarga).

svarga is the place where all things are attained by mere wish, and where happiness is not accompanied or followed by sorrow.

 

6. sUtram

The definition of sUtram is:--

alpAksharam asandigdham sAravad vishvatomukham |

astobham anavadyam ca sUtram sUtravido viduH ||

 

Meaning: Those who are knowledgeable about sutras say that a sutra should consist of a minimum number of letters, be unambiguous, give the essence of the subject-matter, be all-encompassing (containing all the matters intended to be conveyed), be free from repetition and faultless.

 

7. adhikaraNam

Definition:

viShayo vishayashcaiva pUrvapakShastathottaram |

sangatishceti pancAngam shAstre'dhikaraNam smRitam ||

An adhikaraNam consistsof five parts: the subject of discussion, the doubt raised, the opponent's contention, the reply to that, and the connection with previous adhikaraNam.

 

8. bhAshyam

The definition is:--

sUtrArtho varNyate yatra vAkyaiH sUtrAnusAribhiH |

svapadAni ca varNyante bhAshyam bhAshyavido viduH ||

 

Meaning:-- Those who are knowledgeable about bhAshya say that a bhAshya is one in which the meaning of a sutra (or aphoristic statement in the shruti) is expounded through sentences which are in accordance with the sUtra and also the meanings of the words contained therein.

 

9. vArtikam

 

The definition is:--

uktAnuktaduruktAnAm cintA yatra prasajyate |

tam grantham vArtikam prAhuH vArtikaj~nA manIShiNaH ||

 

Those who are knowledgeable say that a vArtika is a work which examines what is said, what is not said, and what is not well said in the original.

(concluded)-- Hara Hara Sankara Jaya Jaya SankaraS.N.Sastri