AW: Mukti 1

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--- Ramakrishna Upadrasta <uramakrishna schrieb am So, 29.3.2009:

 

> Von: Ramakrishna Upadrasta <uramakrishna

> Betreff: Re: Mukti 1

> An: advaitin

> Datum: Sonntag, 29. März 2009, 16:42

> Namaste Ju-ji,

>

> I sincerly apologize for questioning the intent.

>

> Here are my answers to the questions. I think members more

> learned than me

> would correct any mistakes.

>

> The BSB reference that you gave seems to talk about the

> krama-mukti,

> which is obtained by one has lived a life of dharma,

> following all the

> rituals properly and at the end of it, leave forever

> (na-nivartante).

>

> In this type of mukti, the liberated beings go to

> Brahma-loka, and get

> instructed by the four faced hiraNyagarbha (also called as

> Brahma-ji) and

> merge into the eternity at the end of the kalpa (perhaps at

> the end of His

> lifetime). You can find explanation for this in

> Madhusudana Saraswathi's

> Bhashya of the Gita, verse 8.16.

>

> Though this seems simple (in theory only (!!!), as such a

> life purely

> practised turns out to be extremely difficult in practise),

> we have to

> remember that it is only when the accumulated karmas have

> been extinguished,

> that such a non-returning exit is possible.

>

> Otherwise, they return back, because of presence of the

> non-extinguished

> saMcita-karma, as Lord Krishna says in verse 9.20-21

> (kshiiNe puNye

> martyalokaM vishanti).

>

> This issue (of krama-mukti) was a big issue when the

> arguments were between

> Vedantins and mImAMsakAs, the followers of the school of

> thought who

> believe that Vedas talk only about karma and the later part

> (Upanishads) are

> arthavAda.

>

> Proponents of this mukti mainly intend to use the body as a

> vehicle to

> attain mukti. These variety of people come as opponents in

> Shankara's

> arguments, as people who think that " this body is

> mine. I will use it to

> attain liberation " .

>

> The second way is the krama-mukti, when the individual gets

> liberated after

> the death. This type of mukti is present in dvaitin schools

> of Vedanta (and

> perhaps some western religions too).

>

> The third concept is the jIvanmukti, which has not been

> conceptualized

> anywhere in the philosophical schools outside

> sanAtana-dharma (perhaps

> outside Advaita too!) The one who obtains jIvanmukti is the

> seer, who has

> truly realized the Unity of the Self everywhere.

>

> Some opponents propogate that the theory of jIvanmukti has

> mainly been

> propogated by later Advaitins, but they fail to realize

> that the thoughts

> are sprinkled all over the literature, beginning from

> purusha-sukta

> (amR^ita-iha-bhavati) itself. Note that jIvanmukti subsumes

> kramamukti.

> These two are only one in " Human plane " , while

> the third one is in " other

> worlds " .

>

> It was Shankara who showed that the karma can never be

> exhausted, except by

> (and only by) GYAna. This GYAna, which makes one realize

> that He is akarta

> (non-doer) and abhoka (non-enjoyer) and realize His

> Infinity here and Now.

>

> praNAms to all Advaitins,

> Ramakrishna