1776 July 2nd & 4th/Journals of Congress/Amit's Query

[Guest guest]

Hi Amit & Jorge

KEY WORDS: "Passed" and "Resolved". Both signify agreement duly reached by vote: as in repeated used in the minutes of the sessions of "agreed to, Passed" or "agreed to, Resolved". If "Passed", the voted agreement does not yet have finality; finality would then come with subsequent ratification by the authorizing Colonies (States from July 2). If "Resolved", this voted agreement makes it final, as in legally declared and with effect in each of the vote-authorizing States. [in the Journals of Congress: "Resolved" is always italicized for the added emphasis, denoting finality]. Then after, routinely, the office of the secretary prepared copies of each Resolve for distribution to the 13 Colonies (later States). It was for notification purposes only, not requiring ratifying follow-up.

During the first week of July 1776, there was only one major Resolved, agreed to; which enactment had public consequence on the question of Independence. The voted resolve declaring independence and making the United Colonies, at once, United States, on July 2. By contrast, A DECLARATION of July 4th was only "Passed", not "Resolved". To repeat, the one and only relevant "Resolved" that week was the declaration of independence itself on the afternoon of July 2, 1776. That "Resolved" was the legal declaration, legal for each of the 13 States pursuant to the prior written authorizing instructions empowering the unit vote of each Colony to the Resolution. The instructions were conditional: words to the effect: "If the sentiment of the committee of the whole is UNANIMOUSLY for Independence, you may so vote, or you are to so vote, and thereby declare independence.

The rolling confusions in later histories is as clear as it is unfortunate for astrologers trying to get at the time moment precision of events. It goes like this:..a State Paper, dated July 4, 1776, entitled: "A DECLARATION" incorporates the July 2, 1776 declaration of independence ("lower case") in the ultimate paragraph of this July 4th text. Of paramount importance: A DECLARATION is not an enacting document (it was "Passed", not "Resolved"), it is a reporting document in the form of a political manifesto. It so turned out, in the figurative end, to become a colossal error not to indicate in the ultimate paragraph of A DECLARATION that independence was declared with legal effect on July 2 (And no doubt all this was much further exacerbated on July 4th by Mercury retrograding in the sidereal 4th degree of Cancer, as well on a numerological 4th day). Later on, in order to heap more confusion on confusion, Congress chose to "re-entitle"

the document, A DECLARATION, thus creating what amounts to the Second, and ever since, Official edition; so it now reads THE UNANIMOUS DECLARATION OF THE THIRTEEN UNITED STATES. This is the document archived in Washington D.C. This Second title and A DECLARATION are the only two legal titles of record during that Era. The so-called, then since made official title for modernity, DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE, is the one title the actual two documents never knew.

A question for me: Since A DECLARATION was "Passed, ageed to", not "Resolved, agreed to", since as a "Passed" document it wasn't yet with legal effect.... was it accordingly then later ratified ? Answer: YES. But, again, not to ratify the "Resolved" of July 2, but the "Passed" of July 4th; ie, Jefferson's Text was ratified, not the prior official enactment of the (lower case) declaration of

independence. A DECLARATION, Jefferson's manifesto, was duly ratified by State legislatures on these following dates in 1776: New York: July 09; New Hampshire: July 16; New Jersey: July 17; Virginia: July 20; Delaware: July 22; North Carolina: July 24; Pennsylvania: July 25; Rhode Island: July 25; Georgia: August 10; Maryland: August 17; Massachusetts: August 28; Connecticut: October 10; South Carolina: October 15. [sOURCES: "The Declaration of Independence, Its History", by John H. Hazelton, 1906; (Delaware date) "A Gentleman As Well As A Whig, Caesar Rodney" by Jane H. Scott, 2000. Please note that this list of 13 dates completes John H.Hazelton's work of 99 years ago, 1906; Hazelton only found 12; he couldn't locate the Delaware date. This e-mail is the first time ever that anyone is seeing, in print, the complete list of the 13 ratification dates, thanks to Delaware historian Jane Scott., whose book, by the way, features the story of the "afternoon vote" on July 2nd]

If you now refer directly to the text of the Journal entry of July 2nd, it's easy to sort out. Following the Congressional vote of "Resolved" [of the Lee resolution declaring independence], the delegates resolved themselves [ went back into] a committee-of-the-whole posture ["resolved itself" is, of course, a different verb than simply "Resolved"]. The committee.. quote: "have had under consideration the Declaration to them referred" unquote ... This is in the context of considering the draft of Jefferson's A DECLARATION, the political manifesto; Nothing more. Once independence was declared by enacted resolve of the whole Congress, it was then time to start the final editing of Jefferson's renowned text, the political manifesto. It was now propaganda preparation time for some. As for the final line in the Journal excerpt [pasted here below]. just keep in mind that the Journals were severely edited in 1777 before

general publication. By then Jefferson's A DECLARATION had already morphed to become the referred to as the iconic DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE. It does not imply that Independence was still in the offing, because that had been settled already. Regards, John

Journals of Congress: July 2, 1776

The Congress resumed the consideration of the resolution agreed to by and reported from the committee of the whole; and the same being read, was agreed to as follows:

Resolved, That these United Colonies are, and, of right, ought to be, Free and Independent States; that they are absolved from all allegiance to the British crown, and that all political connexion between them, and the state of Great Britain, is, and ought to be, totally dissolved.1

 

[Note 1: 1 This report, in the writing of Charles Thomson. is in thePapers of the Continental Congress, No. 23, folio 17.]

Agreeable to the order of the day, the Congress resolved itself into a committee of the whole; aand, after some time,a the president resumed the chair. Mr. [benjamin] Harrison reported, that the committee have had under consideration the declaration to them referred; but, not having had time to go through athe same,a desired leave to sit again:

Resolved, That this Congress will, to morrow [July 3], again resolve itself into a committee of the whole, to take into their farther consideration the declaration on independence.amit_patnaik6 <amit_patnaik6 wrote:

Hi John and Jorge,I am looking at the information infront of me from various sources,the "Lee Resolution for independence " was adopted on July 2nd 1776,proposed on June 7th 1776,Drafted by mostly Jefferson between June11th and June 28th... put on the table June 28th 1776 friday.Source Library of Congress of the United States of Americahttp://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=lljc & fileName=005/lljc005.db & recNum=91 & itemLink=r%3Fammem%2Fhlaw%3A%40field%28DOCID%2B%40lit%28jc0051%29%29%230050001 & linkText=1Read this graphic book "Journal of Continental congress" Volume 5,Page 504-505, July 1st 1776..."The

Congress resolved...have underconsideration...and have agreed to the resolution, which they orderedhim to report....sit again The resolution agreed to by commitee ofthe whole being read, the determination thereof was postponed, at therequest of a colony, till to morrow"....[seems the resolution was agreed upon as in the concept of declarationof independence but not the draft on the whole]Page 507, for July 2nd towards the end of the day... which endedusually at 19:00 hrs."Resolved, that these United Colonies are....ought to be Free andIndepenedent States; that they are absolved from all allegiance to theBritish crown....., totally dissolved" "Agreeable to...that the committee have had under consideration thedeclaration to them referred; but not having had time to go through...leave to sit again"[seems they adopted the draft as a commitee but not the draft on thewhole, same as above but more

resolute]If the whole decision was made on the 2nd July 1776, then theCommitee should have finished it off on the 3rd of July itself. BUTpage 507-509 ,Page 509 "Agreeable to the order of the day, the Congress...that thecommittee , not having finished, desired leave to sit again."[Not having finished what?, agreeing to the draft on the whole, the3rd of July was spend mostly on other resolution and order, why notthe most important one]Then almost the first thing they do from the morning hours of 4th ofJuly to the afternoon hours was adoption on the whole of thedeclaration of independence. Page 509-515 and therein sign.Why did they wait till 4th of July to declare and not the 3rd...ifthey had adopted on the 2nd?Was there any differences mitigated during the 3rd July session orpost session?Though the commitee adopted on the 2nd of July, there might have beensome apparent delibration in the

consummate acceptance of the idealogyand the draft.Please advice.Amit

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[Guest guest]

Dear John,

 

Thanks for another EXCELLENT contribution.

 

Best wishes,

 

Jorge

 

 

 

 

SAMVA

[sAMVA ] On Behalf Of JohnTWB

quarta-feira, 10 de Agosto

de 2005 12:44

SAMVA

1776 July 2nd

& 4th/Journals of Congress/Amit's Query

 

 

Hi Amit & Jorge

KEY WORDS: " Passed " and " Resolved " . Both signify agreement

duly reached by vote: as in repeated used in the minutes of the sessions of

" agreed to, Passed " or " agreed to, Resolved " . If

" Passed " , the voted agreement does not yet have finality;

finality would then come with subsequent ratification by the authorizing

Colonies (States from July 2). If " Resolved " , this

voted agreement makes it final, as in legally declared and with

effect in each of the vote-authorizing States. [in the Journals of

Congress: " Resolved "

is always italicized for the added emphasis, denoting finality]. Then after,

routinely, the office of the secretary prepared copies of each Resolve for

distribution to the 13 Colonies (later States). It was for notification

purposes only, not requiring ratifying follow-up.

During the first week of July 1776, there

was only one major Resolved, agreed

to; which enactment had public consequence on the question

of Independence. The voted resolve declaring independence and making the

United Colonies, at once, United States, on July 2. By contrast, A

DECLARATION of July 4th was only " Passed " , not " Resolved " . To repeat, the one

and only relevant " Resolved "

that week was the declaration of independence itself on the afternoon of July

2, 1776. That " Resolved "

was the legal declaration, legal for each of the 13 States pursuant to the

prior written authorizing instructions empowering the unit vote of each Colony

to the Resolution. The instructions were conditional: words to the effect:

" If the sentiment of the committee of the whole is UNANIMOUSLY for

Independence, you may so vote, or you are to so vote, and thereby declare

independence.

The rolling confusions in later histories is as clear

as it is unfortunate for astrologers trying to get at the time moment precision

of events. It goes like this:..a State Paper, dated July 4, 1776, entitled:

" A DECLARATION " incorporates the July 2, 1776 declaration of

independence ( " lower case " ) in the ultimate paragraph

of this July 4th text. Of paramount importance: A DECLARATION is not

an enacting document (it was " Passed " , not " Resolved " ), it is a reporting

document in the form of a political manifesto. It so turned out, in the

figurative end, to become a colossal error not to indicate in the ultimate

paragraph of A DECLARATION that independence was declared with legal

effect on July 2 (And no doubt all this was much further exacerbated on July

4th by Mercury retrograding in the sidereal 4th degree of Cancer, as well on a

numerological 4th day). Later on, in order to heap more confusion on

confusion, Congress chose to " re-entitle " the document, A

DECLARATION, thus creating what amounts to the Second, and ever

since, Official edition; so it now reads THE UNANIMOUS DECLARATION OF THE

THIRTEEN UNITED STATES. This is the document archived in Washington

D.C. This Second title and A DECLARATION are the only two legal titles of

record during that Era. The so-called, then since made

official title for modernity, DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE, is the

one title the actual two documents never knew.

A question for me: Since A DECLARATION was

" Passed, ageed to " , not " Resolved,

agreed to " , since as a " Passed " document it wasn't yet

with legal effect.... was it accordingly then later ratified ? Answer: YES.

But, again, not to ratify the " Resolved "

of July 2, but the " Passed " of July 4th; ie, Jefferson's Text was

ratified, not the prior official enactment of the (lower case) declaration of

independence.

 

A DECLARATION, Jefferson's manifesto, was duly

ratified by State legislatures on these following dates in

1776:

 

New York: July 09; New Hampshire: July 16; New Jersey:

July 17; Virginia: July 20; Delaware: July 22; North Carolina: July 24;

Pennsylvania: July 25; Rhode Island: July 25; Georgia: August 10; Maryland:

August 17; Massachusetts: August 28; Connecticut: October 10; South Carolina:

October 15.

 

[sOURCES: " The Declaration of Independence, Its

History " , by John H. Hazelton, 1906; (Delaware date) " A Gentleman As

Well As A Whig, Caesar Rodney " by Jane H. Scott, 2000. Please note that

this list of 13 dates completes John H.Hazelton's work of 99 years ago,

1906; Hazelton only found 12; he couldn't locate the Delaware date. This

e-mail is the first time ever that anyone is seeing, in print, the complete

list of the 13 ratification dates, thanks to Delaware historian Jane Scott.,

whose book, by the way, features the story of the " afternoon

vote " on July 2nd]

If you now refer directly to the text of the Journal

entry of July 2nd, it's easy to sort out. Following the Congressional

vote of " Resolved " [of

the Lee resolution declaring independence], the delegates resolved themselves

[ went back into] a committee-of-the-whole posture [ " resolved

itself " is, of course, a different verb than simply " Resolved " ]. The committee.. quote:

" have had under consideration the Declaration to them referred "

unquote ... This is in the context of considering the draft of

Jefferson's A DECLARATION, the political manifesto; Nothing more. Once

independence was declared by enacted resolve of the whole Congress, it was then

time to start the final editing of Jefferson's renowned text, the political

manifesto. It was now propaganda preparation time for some. As for the final

line in the Journal excerpt [pasted here below]. just keep in mind that the

Journals were severely edited in 1777 before general publication. By then

Jefferson's A DECLARATION had already morphed to become the referred to as the

iconic DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE. It does not imply that Independence was

still in the offing, because that had been settled already.

 

Regards, John

Journals of Congress: July 2, 1776

The Congress resumed the consideration of the

resolution agreed to by and reported from the committee of the

whole; and the same being read, was agreed to as follows:

Resolved, That these United

Colonies are, and, of right, ought to be, Free and Independent States; that

they are absolved from all allegiance to the British crown, and that all

political connexion between them, and the state of Great Britain, is, and ought

to be, totally dissolved.1

 

[Note 1: 1 This report, in the

writing of Charles Thomson. is in thePapers of the Continental Congress, No.

23, folio 17.]

 

Agreeable to the order of the day, the Congress

resolved itself into a committee of the whole; aand, after some time,a the

president resumed the chair. Mr. [benjamin] Harrison reported, that the committee

have had under consideration the declaration to them referred; but, not having

had time to go through athe same,a desired leave to sit again:

Resolved, That this Congress

will, to morrow [July 3], again resolve itself into a committee of the whole,

to take into their farther consideration the declaration on independence.

 

 

amit_patnaik6

<amit_patnaik6 wrote:

 

Hi John and Jorge,

 

I am looking at the information infront of me from

various sources,

the " Lee Resolution for independence " was

adopted on July 2nd 1776,

proposed on June 7th 1776,Drafted by mostly

Jefferson between June

11th and June 28th... put on the table June 28th

1776 friday.

 

Source Library of Congress of the United States of

America

 

http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=lljc & fileName=005/lljc005.db & recNum=91 & itemLink=r%3Fammem%2Fhlaw%3A%40field%28DOCID%2B%40lit%28jc0051%29%29%230050001 & linkText=1

 

Read this graphic book " Journal of

Continental congress " Volume 5,

 

Page 504-505, July 1st 1776... " The Congress

resolved...have under

consideration...and have agreed to the resolution,

which they ordered

him to report....sit again " " The

resolution agreed to by commitee of

the whole being read, the determination thereof

was postponed, at the

request of a colony, till to morrow " ....

[seems the resolution was agreed upon as in the

concept of declaration

of independence but not the draft on the whole]

 

Page 507, for July 2nd towards the end of the

day... which ended

usually at 19:00 hrs.

" Resolved, that these United Colonies

are....ought to be Free and

Indepenedent States; that they are absolved from

all allegiance to the

British crown....., totally dissolved "

" Agreeable to...that the committee have had

under consideration the

declaration to them referred; but not having had

time to go through

....leave to sit again "

[seems they adopted the draft as a commitee but

not the draft on the

whole, same as above but more resolute]

 

If the whole decision was made on the 2nd

July 1776, then the

Commitee should have finished it off on the 3rd of

July itself. BUT

page 507-509 ,

Page 509 " Agreeable to the order of the day,

the Congress...that the

committee , not having finished, desired leave to

sit again. "

[Not having finished what?, agreeing to the draft

on the whole, the

3rd of July was spend mostly on other resolution

and order, why not

the most important one]

 

Then almost the first thing they do from the

morning hours of 4th of

July to the afternoon hours was adoption on the

whole of the

declaration of independence. Page 509-515 and

therein sign.

 

Why did they wait till 4th of July to declare and

not the 3rd...if

they had adopted on the 2nd?

Was there any differences mitigated during the 3rd

July session or

post session?

 

Though the commitee adopted on the 2nd of July,

there might have been

some apparent delibration in the consummate

acceptance of the idealogy

and the draft.

 

Please advice.

Amit

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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online, we've developed the all new Security Centre.

[Guest guest]

Hello John,

Excellent explanation and many thanks, I see what you are saying.

but for the reasons of disucssion, i would like to ask your opinion

about the following.

The birth of democracy or a democratic country is not only a

consumate resolution on part of the representative of the people, but

also, the people themself and the moment of the birth of the country

could also be an act which symbolizes the interface where the act of

resolution is passed on to people.

Like say India, the Speech by J. Nehru to the People in delhi and the

whole nation on radio symbolizes the act of resolution on part of the

leaders of india and british which i am sure was done much before

that.That is the birth chart time of present India.

 

Because the Leader of the People, primarly Jinnah of the Muslim

league and Nehru for Congress accepted Prime-minister Atlee's plan of

an independent but divided India on the 3rd of June 1947, presented

by Lord Mountbatten.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/history/india/partitionrev2.

shtml

but the present India Chart well explains the 12:00 Midnight/Morning

of the the 14th/15th of Aug 1947.

 

Similar reasoning when applied to US could well mean 4th of July,

when the resolution was passed to be communicated to the people

affirmatively.

According to your historical knowledge, what time frame would you put

that on the 4th of July.

 

Thanks and Warm regards.

Amit

 

SAMVA , JohnTWB <jtwbjakarta> wrote:

>

> Hi Amit & Jorge

> KEY WORDS: " Passed " and " Resolved " . Both signify agreement duly

reached by vote: as in repeated used in the minutes of the sessions

of " agreed to, Passed " or " agreed to, Resolved " . If " Passed " , the

voted agreement does not yet have finality; finality would then come

with subsequent ratification by the authorizing Colonies (States from

July 2). If " Resolved " , this voted agreement makes it final, as in

legally declared and with effect in each of the vote-authorizing

States. [in the Journals of Congress: " Resolved " is always italicized

for the added emphasis, denoting finality]. Then after, routinely,

the office of the secretary prepared copies of each Resolve for

distribution to the 13 Colonies (later States). It was for

notification purposes only, not requiring ratifying follow-up.

> During the first week of July 1776, there was only one major

Resolved, agreed to; which enactment had public consequence on the

question of Independence. The voted resolve declaring independence

and making the United Colonies, at once, United States, on July 2. By

contrast, A DECLARATION of July 4th was only " Passed " ,

not " Resolved " . To repeat, the one and only relevant " Resolved " that

week was the declaration of independence itself on the afternoon of

July 2, 1776. That " Resolved " was the legal declaration, legal for

each of the 13 States pursuant to the prior written authorizing

instructions empowering the unit vote of each Colony to the

Resolution. The instructions were conditional: words to the

effect: " If the sentiment of the committee of the whole is

UNANIMOUSLY for Independence, you may so vote, or you are to so vote,

and thereby declare independence.

> The rolling confusions in later histories is as clear as it is

unfortunate for astrologers trying to get at the time moment

precision of events. It goes like this:..a State Paper, dated July 4,

1776, entitled: " A DECLARATION " incorporates the July 2, 1776

declaration of independence ( " lower case " ) in the ultimate paragraph

of this July 4th text. Of paramount importance: A DECLARATION is not

an enacting document (it was " Passed " , not " Resolved " ), it is a

reporting document in the form of a political manifesto. It so turned

out, in the figurative end, to become a colossal error not to

indicate in the ultimate paragraph of A DECLARATION that independence

was declared with legal effect on July 2 (And no doubt all this was

much further exacerbated on July 4th by Mercury retrograding in the

sidereal 4th degree of Cancer, as well on a numerological 4th day).

Later on, in order to heap more confusion on confusion, Congress

chose to " re-entitle " the document, A DECLARATION, thus creating what

> amounts to the Second, and ever since, Official edition; so it now

reads THE UNANIMOUS DECLARATION OF THE THIRTEEN UNITED STATES. This

is the document archived in Washington D.C. This Second title and A

DECLARATION are the only two legal titles of record during that Era.

The so-called, then since made official title for modernity,

DECLARATION OF INDEPENDENCE, is the one title the actual two

documents never knew.

> A question for me: Since A DECLARATION was " Passed, ageed to " ,

not " Resolved, agreed to " , since as a " Passed " document it wasn't yet

with legal effect.... was it accordingly then later ratified ?

Answer: YES. But, again, not to ratify the " Resolved " of July 2, but

the " Passed " of July 4th; ie, Jefferson's Text was ratified, not the

prior official enactment of the (lower case) declaration of

independence.

 

> A DECLARATION, Jefferson's manifesto, was duly ratified by State

legislatures on these following dates in

1776:

> New York: July 09; New Hampshire: July 16; New Jersey: July 17;

Virginia: July 20; Delaware: July 22; North Carolina: July 24;

Pennsylvania: July 25; Rhode Island: July 25; Georgia: August 10;

Maryland: August 17; Massachusetts: August 28; Connecticut: October

10; South Carolina: October

15.

 

> [sOURCES: " The Declaration of Independence, Its History " , by John

H. Hazelton, 1906; (Delaware date) " A Gentleman As Well As A Whig,

Caesar Rodney " by Jane H. Scott, 2000. Please note that this list of

13 dates completes John H.Hazelton's work of 99 years ago, 1906;

Hazelton only found 12; he couldn't locate the Delaware date. This e-

mail is the first time ever that anyone is seeing, in print, the

complete list of the 13 ratification dates, thanks to Delaware

historian Jane Scott., whose book, by the way, features the story of

the " afternoon vote " on July 2nd]

> If you now refer directly to the text of the Journal entry of July

2nd, it's easy to sort out. Following the Congressional vote

of " Resolved " [of the Lee resolution declaring independence], the

delegates resolved themselves [ went back into] a committee-of-the-

whole posture [ " resolved itself " is, of course, a different verb than

simply " Resolved " ]. The committee.. quote: " have had under

consideration the Declaration to them referred " unquote ... This is

in the context of considering the draft of Jefferson's A DECLARATION,

the political manifesto; Nothing more. Once independence was declared

by enacted resolve of the whole Congress, it was then time to start

the final editing of Jefferson's renowned text, the political

manifesto. It was now propaganda preparation time for some. As for

the final line in the Journal excerpt [pasted here below]. just keep

in mind that the Journals were severely edited in 1777 before general

publication. By then Jefferson's A DECLARATION had already

> morphed to become the referred to as the iconic DECLARATION OF

INDEPENDENCE. It does not imply that Independence was still in the

offing, because that had been settled

already.

 

> Regards, John

> Journals of Congress: July 2, 1776

> The Congress resumed the consideration of the resolution agreed to

by and reported from the committee of the whole; and the same being

read, was agreed to as follows:

> Resolved, That these United Colonies are, and, of right, ought to

be, Free and Independent States; that they are absolved from all

allegiance to the British crown, and that all political connexion

between them, and the state of Great Britain, is, and ought to be,

totally dissolved.1

>

> [Note 1: 1 This report, in the writing of Charles Thomson. is in

thePapers of the Continental Congress, No. 23, folio 17.]

>

> Agreeable to the order of the day, the Congress resolved itself

into a committee of the whole; aand, after some time,a the

president resumed the chair. Mr. [benjamin] Harrison reported, that

the committee have had under consideration the declaration to them

referred; but, not having had time to go through athe same,a

desired leave to sit again:

>

> Resolved, That this Congress will, to morrow [July 3], again

resolve itself into a committee of the whole, to take into their

farther consideration the declaration on independence.

>

>

> amit_patnaik6 <amit_patnaik6> wrote:

> Hi John and Jorge,

>

> I am looking at the information infront of me from various sources,

> the " Lee Resolution for independence " was adopted on July 2nd 1776,

> proposed on June 7th 1776,Drafted by mostly Jefferson between June

> 11th and June 28th... put on the table June 28th 1776 friday.

>

> Source Library of Congress of the United States of America

>

> http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?

collId=lljc & fileName=005/lljc005.db & recNum=91 & itemLink=r%3Fammem%

2Fhlaw%3A%40field%28DOCID%2B%40lit%28jc0051%29%29%230050001 & linkText=1

>

> Read this graphic book " Journal of Continental congress " Volume 5,

>

> Page 504-505, July 1st 1776... " The Congress resolved...have under

> consideration...and have agreed to the resolution, which they

ordered

> him to report....sit again " " The resolution agreed to by commitee

of

> the whole being read, the determination thereof was postponed, at

the

> request of a colony, till to morrow " ....

> [seems the resolution was agreed upon as in the concept of

declaration

> of independence but not the draft on the whole]

>

> Page 507, for July 2nd towards the end of the day... which ended

> usually at 19:00 hrs.

> " Resolved, that these United Colonies are....ought to be Free and

> Indepenedent States; that they are absolved from all allegiance to

the

> British crown....., totally dissolved "

> " Agreeable to...that the committee have had under consideration the

> declaration to them referred; but not having had time to go through

> ...leave to sit again "

> [seems they adopted the draft as a commitee but not the draft on

the

> whole, same as above but more resolute]

>

> If the whole decision was made on the 2nd July 1776, then the

> Commitee should have finished it off on the 3rd of July itself. BUT

> page 507-509 ,

> Page 509 " Agreeable to the order of the day, the Congress...that the

> committee , not having finished, desired leave to sit again. "

> [Not having finished what?, agreeing to the draft on the whole, the

> 3rd of July was spend mostly on other resolution and order, why not

> the most important one]

>

> Then almost the first thing they do from the morning hours of 4th of

> July to the afternoon hours was adoption on the whole of the

> declaration of independence. Page 509-515 and therein sign.

>

> Why did they wait till 4th of July to declare and not the 3rd...if

> they had adopted on the 2nd?

> Was there any differences mitigated during the 3rd July session or

> post session?

>

> Though the commitee adopted on the 2nd of July, there might have

been

> some apparent delibration in the consummate acceptance of the

idealogy

> and the draft.

>

> Please advice.

> Amit

>