TURKMENISTAN - Obituary: Saparmurat Niyazov

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Thursday, 21 December

2006, 08:14 GMT

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Obituary: Saparmurat Niyazov

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

President

Niyazov was known for giving eccentric orders

 

 

 

The

authoritarian president of TURKMENISTAN, Saparmurat Niyazov, who has died

aged 66, created a cult of personality during his two decades in power.

Statues and portraits of the self-styled Turkmenbashi, Father

of the Turkmen, were erected everywhere. Cities, airports and even a

meteorite were named after him.

He introduced increasingly personal laws, and a book he wrote

to be a " spiritual guide "

for the nation was made required reading.

It was, say analysts, one of the most authoritarian regimes in

the world.

President Niyazov tolerated no dissent, and there is no

political opposition and free media. Many opponents fled abroad to

highlight the abuses.

An alleged assassination attempt in 2002 was used by the

president to crush his few remaining opponents, drawing condemnation from

human rights groups and the US government.

President Niyazov had long suffered from heart problems,

publicly acknowledging for the first time in November 2006 that he had

heart disease.

Bizarre laws

Saparmurat Niyazov was born in 1940 but orphaned at an early

age, growing up in a state orphanage. His father died in WWII and his

mother was killed in the earthquake that devastated Turkmenistan's capital in

1948.

Turkmen propaganda was later to make much of these humble

beginnings.

 

 

 

 

Thousands

of statues of the president dot the country

 

 

 

The young Niyazov rose quickly up the Communist

party ladder, becoming first secretary of then Soviet Turkmenistan at the

age of 45.

He became president after the transition to independence in

1991, adopting the title Turkmenbashi. He became president for life in

1999.

His influence spilled over into

every sphere of Turkmen life. Even the months

and days of the week were named after himself and his family.

When he gave up smoking after major heart surgery in 1997, he

ordered all his ministers to do the same and banned smoking in public

places.

He later declared a ban on young men wearing beards and long

hair.

Opera, ballet, listening to car radios and the playing of

recorded music on television and at public events was forbidden.

His book, the Ruhnama - a collection of his thoughts on

Turkmen identity, history and destiny - was put on the curriculum of

schools and universities.

President Niyazov was accused of spending more

money on his grandiose projects - such as a huge man-made lake in the Kara

Kum desert, and an ice palace in the capital Ashgabat - than on social

welfare.

His legacy is grim, say analysts. Despite the

Central Asian's state rich energy resources, the

country is mired in poverty - with crumbling education, health and social

systems.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/6199021.stm

 

Dasha: Ra/Me/Me/Ra/Ke

Please note that Mercury is L1 in D8

and D10, and is combust and exactly in the same longitude of transit Rahu in H8.

Transit Moon, L1, is badly placed, combust and afflicted.

 

  

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Jorge Angelino

 

 

Rua da Sociedade Filarmónica

Perpétua Azeitonense, 29

2925-598 Azeitão

Portugal

 

 

 

 

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