Jump to content
IndiaDivine.org

Karana Names

Rate this topic


Guest guest

Recommended Posts

Guest guest

Dear Neelam ji ,

In your mail dated Jan 17, you have given some traits in a native based on

Taitila Karna as prescribed by Dhundiraj.

These traits act like seed and manifest if karka planet of a trait is placed in

angular houses. One is born with a particular trait if its

Karka is placed in trines.

The trats indicated by tithis , Naksnatra etc are also judged in this manner.

Regards,

 

 G.K.GOEL

Ph: 09350311433

Add: L-409, SARITA VIHAR

NEW DELHI-110 076

INDIA

 

 

 

 

neelam gupta <neelamgupta07

 

Thursday, 17 January, 2008 10:51:40 PM

Re: Re: Karana Names

 

 

Dear Renuji,

Pt Dhundiraj in jatakbharnam has given the effects of birth on different tithis,

yogas, karanas besides ritus, ayanas, navamshas, nakshatras, etc.

Just to quote an example, Actress Hema Malini is born in Karna Taitila and

Dundhiraj says:

" If native is born in Taitila karna, he has a charming and delicate body, is

skilled in amorous or pleasure giving sports,

knows the essence of arts, is a successful orator, of good character and

conduct, has clear intellect and playful eyes "

Applies quite well to the personality. Though as with all astrological

principals, several other conditions should also support

these features in the chart. This was just by way of an example, I may be wrong.

Love and regards

Neelam

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

On 17/01/2008, renunw <renunw (AT) (DOT) co.uk> wrote:

Dear Neelam ji,

 

Would like to know more about this....

 

" But the effects of panchang factors at birth on the nativity have

been dealt

> with in good measure in Jatakbharnam by Pt Dhundiraj.

> I have personally applied them to several cases and found some

truth in

> them........ .. "

 

if it is not going to disturb the current discussions in the forum.

 

Thanks......

 

blessings

 

Renu

 

ancient_indian_ astrology, " neelam gupta "

<neelamgupta07@ ...> wrote:

>

> Dear Sreenadhji and Renuji,

> Just some thoughts while we are on this topic:

> I guess all panchang parameters do affect the nativity just as

they do for

> any muhurat.

> Not many classics, however, deal with these influences and we do

tend to

> ignore most of such issues except some like birth in Gandant,

amavasya, etc.

> But the effects of panchang factors at birth on the nativity have

been dealt

> with in good measure in Jatakbharnam by Pt Dhundiraj.

> I have personally applied them to several cases and found some

truth in

> them.

> We do need to probe further into these things and a better picture

might

> emerge.

> Love and regards

> Neelam

>

 

> On 17/01/2008, Sreenadh <sreesog wrote:

> >

> > Dear Renu ji,

> > It is believed that the Panchanga at birth is important in

deriving

> > results related to natal chart as well. Plus there are some

special

> > techniques such as the 'Nitya yogi' techniques used by Sunil ji

etc for

> > correlating Panchangas with the result derivation concerning

natal chart.

> > But the prime importance of Panchanga (5 limbs of time; such

as Tithi,

> > Nakshatra, Nitya yoga, Vara and Karana) is related to Muhurta

> > dertermination.

> > ==>

> > > Also does anyone get affected by the 'karana' prevailing at

one's

> > > birth time? Does a particular 'karana' at birth indicate one's

ups

> > > and downs in life?

> > <==

> > I am yet to hear any such thing - even though associating

Karana

> > results generally with t he native and especially with the Moon

dasa is a

> > common practice.

> > A special point to remember is that we might be calculating

Karanas

> > wrongly right now - Because as per modern books Karana is half

of Tithi

> > (Tithyardham Karnam) - but the question arises - if Karana is

just half of

> > Tithi, why should we consider it as indipendent at all? Why

should we

> > attribute a special limb to it? Mere use of the word Purvardha

of Tithi, and

> > Uttarardha of Tithi must have been sufficient. If Karana has a

constent 6

> > degree span, and is just the half of Tithi, then sinerely

speaking there is

> > no new limb such as Karana at all! So what is the clue? What is

the idea

> > hiding behind? What is the bit of lost knowledge? Yes, there is

some!

> > As per Adharva vedeeya jyotisha, Karana is NOT half of Tithi -

but it is

> > the special name attributed to 'day time part of the tithi'

and 'night time

> > part of the tithi' - means their duration is NOT constent (such

as 6 degree)

> > - and this is what makes Karana an independent limb! Like the

day and night

> > which is associated with 'Solar day', 'Day time karana'

and 'Night time

> > Karana' are the day and night of the 'Lunar day' (i.e. Tithi)!

> >

> > Any way - just sharing the thoughts - but I don't think that

the group

> > is ripe now to discuss such issues related to Karana divisions.

I dont'

> > think that the group is ripe neither to discuss the

possibilities of Chara

> > and Stira karanas in prediction nor about the intricate issues

associated

> > with their use through out history. So let us leave this

subject here, if

> > not any one is specially interested.

> >

> > Love and regards,

> > Sreenadh

> >

> > ancient_indian_ astrology, " renunw "

<renunw@>

> > wrote:

> > >

> > > Dear Sreenadh ji,

> > >

> > > Thanks so much for this piece of information on 'karana'. All

these

> > > days did not know the meanings of karana.

> > >

> > > Also does anyone get affected by the 'karana' prevailing at

one's

> > > birth time? Does a particular 'karana' at birth indicate one's

ups

> > > and downs in life?

> > >

> > > blessings

> > >

> > > Renu

> > >

> > >

> > > -- In ancient_indian_ astrology, " Sreenadh "

> > > sreesog@ wrote:

> > > >

> > > >

> > > > Karana Names

> > > >

> > > >

> > >

> > > > - Written by Sreenadh

> > > >

> > > > Karana is half of a Tithi. Here we are interested in the 7

Karana

> > > names

> > > > and their meaning. This could be useful to some.

> > > >

> > > > 1. Bava

> > > >

> > > > In south india this is also know as `Simha karnam'

> > > > (Lion). Anyway the word Bava has nothing to do with Lion.

This word

> > > > originated from the Sanskrit word `Vapa', which means

testacies,

> > > > sperm, flush, creativity and so on. So naturally as you could

> > > expect

> > > > this karana is good for all Chara deeds (such as journey,

daily

> > > duties,

> > > > business etc) and also for Stira deeds (such as sawing seeds,

> > > sexual

> > > > intercourse, for putting foundation stone, worship, temple

> > > creation and

> > > > so on).

> > > >

> > > > 2. Balava

> > > >

> > > > In south india this is also known as `Puli karanam'

> > > > (Leopard). Anyway the word Balava has nothing to do with

leopard.

> > > This

> > > > word originated from the Sanskrit word `Vadava', which means

> > > > brahmin lady, female horse (mare), slave girl, prostitute

and so

> > > on. The

> > > > major meaning considered here is `Brahmin lady'. That is why

> > > > this karana is good for Yajna, Homa (fire worship), study of

Veda,

> > > for

> > > > reading epic and puranas etc. It is good for all kinds of

Santi

> > > karma.

> > > >

> > > > 3. Kaulava

> > > >

> > > > In south india this is also known as `Panni

> > > > karanam' (Pig/Swine). Anyway the word Kaulava has nothing to

do

> > > with

> > > > Pig. This word originated from the Sanskrit word Kulapa or

Kudava.

> > > > Kudava is a kind of measurement vessel (also known as Nazhi

in

> > > south

> > > > india). 1 Kudava = 32 Tola. Kula means traditional family.

so the

> > > word

> > > > Kaula can refer to anyone who follows a traditional path, or

> > > traditional

> > > > job. For example Kulala is the one who creates mud vessels,

and

> > > Kaulalam

> > > > is mud vessel. Kaulika is weaver and is also another name for

> > > people who

> > > > follow the traditional Siva-Sakta tantric path of worship.

Also

> > > remember

> > > > the word Kaul, popular especially among Kashmiri pundits –

> > > > essentially pointing to Kaulachara (Kaula system of siva-

sakti

> > > worship).

> > > > Thus essentially Kaulava karana is related to family,

tradition

> > > and any

> > > > thing worldly. Thus naturally it is good for all Sthira karma

> > > (such as

> > > > friendship, compromise, agreement or anything which we want

to

> > > stay for

> > > > long).

> > > >

> > > > 4. Taitila

> > > >

> > > > In south india this is also known as Kazhuta karnam

> > > > (Donkey). Anyway the word Taitila has nothing to do with

Donkey.

> > > This

> > > > word originated from the Sanskrit word `Titir', which means

> > > > getting awards, rewards or respect. Titir is a word with

great

> > > history.

> > > > Remember the sage Titir based on whom the `Taitireeya banch'

of

> > > > vedic knowledge got its name. It could be because of the

reverence

> > > to

> > > > him that the word `Titir' got the meaning respect or reward.

> > > > Titiksha means patience. There is one very popular English

word

> > > which

> > > > originated from the same root word – i.e. `Title'. Apart

> > > > from the meaning `heading', the word `Title' also means

> > > > `entitling', giving a special name out of respect as a award,

> > > > reward. Remember the `Sir' title awarded in medieval periods

to

> > > > many, and also the titles `Lord', `Dr' etc. Thus

> > > > naturally Taitila karana is good for all activities related

to

> > > king,

> > > > authority, ornamentation, ornamenting the idols and revered

ones

> > > and so

> > > > on. Of course, to be near the kings or people in power and

> > > authority

> > > > without losing head demands a lot of patience as well. For

pledge

> > > > taking, receiving position, charge taking etc usually Taitila

> > > karana is

> > > > preferred.

> > > >

> > > >

> > > > 5. Gara

> > > >

> > > > In south india this is also known as Gaja karana

> > > (Elephant).

> > > > Anyway the word Taitila has nothing to do with Elephant.

Here the

> > > root

> > > > word itself is `Gara' meaning hard, difficult, demanding more

> > > > effort and so on. Remember the words Garima (proud beauty),

Gurutva

> > > > (essence fullness), Garishta (most dense, most valuable),

Gareeyan

> > > (most

> > > > revered, great). Actually this word has a better history. In

the

> > > ancient

> > > > past the jobs that are considered difficult are

> > > cattle/horse/ elephant

> > > > breading, agriculture and rural business of grains, vehicle

> > > related and

> > > > so on; they demand much effort from the villager. Hriha is a

word

> > > that

> > > > points to any type of house. The jobs that comes under the

> > > category of

> > > > difficult jobs and the word `gara' points to is cattle shed,

> > > > horse shed, elephant shed and so on. For example Aswa-gara

(horse

> > > shed).

> > > > The vehicle of ancient period is horse, and the place to

land the

> > > > vehicle is `Garage' as per English language. Note that

English

> > > > is also a language of Indo-European language family. The

point to

> > > note

> > > > is that it is just due all this that – Gara karana is very

> > > > auspicious for any hard and difficult jobs, whether it be

related

> > > to

> > > > vehicle, cattle, house, machinery, rural business and so on.

> > > >

> > > > 6. Vanija

> > > >

> > > > In south india this karana is known as `Surabhi

> > > > karanam' (Cow). Anyway the word Vanija has nothing to do

with Cow.

> > > > This word originated from the Sanskrit word `Panija' or Pani

> > > > meaning Phoenician, businessman or market. Remember the word

> > > Vanijya

> > > > (business) which too is a related word. The word `Pani' or

> > > > `Pany' means Phoenician or business (In the vedic past the

> > > > Phoenicians did business with India). Note the presence of

this

> > > word in

> > > > the modern day English word `company' (com-pany) – thus

> > > > company essentially means `group business'. Looking at the

> > > > history of this word it is clear that `Vanija' or

> > > > `Panija' is a word essentially related to business. Thus

> > > > naturally this Karana is good for starting a business,

selling

> > > plot or

> > > > building or anything of the like and so on.

> > > >

> > > > 7. Vishti

> > > >

> > > > In south india this karana is known with this self

> > > same

> > > > name, and it is assumed that the shape of Vishti is similar

to a

> > > dog.

> > > > Anyway the word Vishti has nothing to do with dog. Here the

root

> > > word

> > > > itself is `Vishti' meaning effort without benefit, work

without

> > > > payment; in short `wastage' of time, money and energy.

Vishiti

> > > > is Vi-Ishti. Ishti is yaga or work. Vi-Ishti is useless

Ishti or

> > > useless

> > > > work; i.e. work that got wasted. In short vishti means

`waste'

> > > > – both words (vishti and waste) originated from the same

root. Thus

> > > > naturally this karana is not good for beneficial or good

deeds and

> > > also

> > > > for deeds for which we expect some benefit (even punya) in

return.

> > > >

> > > >

> > > > Just some thoughts. Hope that this would be useful at least

to

> > > some

> > > > one.

> > > > Love and regards,

> > > > Sreenadh

> > > >

> > >

> >

> >

> >

>

 

 

 

 

 

Explore your hobbies and interests. Go to

http://in.promos./groups/

 

 

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Guest guest

Dear Neelam ji ,

In your mail dated Jan 17, you have given some traits in a native based on Taitila Karna as prescribed by Dhundiraj.

These traits act like seed and manifest if karka planet of a trait is placed in angular houses. One is born with a particular trait if its

Karka is placed in trines.

The trats indicated by tithis , Naksnatra etc are also judged in this manner.

Regards,

 

G.K.GOELPh: 09350311433Add: L-409, SARITA VIHARNEW DELHI-110 076INDIA

neelam gupta <neelamgupta07 Sent: Thursday, 17 January, 2008 10:51:40 PMRe: Re: Karana Names

 

Dear Renuji,Pt Dhundiraj in jatakbharnam has given the effects of birth on different tithis, yogas, karanas besides ritus, ayanas, navamshas, nakshatras, etc.Just to quote an example, Actress Hema Malini is born in Karna Taitila and Dundhiraj says: "If native is born in Taitila karna, he has a charming and delicate body, is skilled in amorous or pleasure giving sports, knows the essence of arts, is a successful orator, of good character and conduct, has clear intellect and playful eyes" Applies quite well to the personality. Though as with all astrological principals, several other conditions should also support these features in the chart. This was just by way of an example, I may be wrong.Love and regards Neelam

On 17/01/2008, renunw <renunw (AT) (DOT) co.uk> wrote:

 

 

 

 

Dear Neelam ji,Would like to know more about this...." But the effects of panchang factors at birth on the nativity have been dealt> with in good measure in Jatakbharnam by Pt Dhundiraj.> I have personally applied them to several cases and found some truth in> them........ .."if it is not going to disturb the current discussions in the forum.Thanks......blessingsRenuancient_indian_ astrology, "neelam gupta" <neelamgupta07@ ....> wrote:>> Dear Sreenadhji and Renuji,> Just some thoughts while we are on this topic:> I guess all panchang parameters do affect the nativity just as they do for> any muhurat.> Not

many classics, however, deal with these influences and we do tend to> ignore most of such issues except some like birth in Gandant, amavasya, etc.> But the effects of panchang factors at birth on the nativity have been dealt> with in good measure in Jatakbharnam by Pt Dhundiraj.> I have personally applied them to several cases and found some truth in> them.> We do need to probe further into these things and a better picture might> emerge.> Love and regards> Neelam>

> On 17/01/2008, Sreenadh <sreesog wrote:> >> > Dear Renu ji,> > It is believed that the Panchanga at birth is important in deriving> > results related to natal chart as well. Plus there are some special> > techniques such as the 'Nitya yogi' techniques used by Sunil ji etc for> > correlating Panchangas with the result derivation concerning natal chart.> > But the prime importance of Panchanga (5 limbs of time; such as Tithi,> > Nakshatra, Nitya yoga, Vara and Karana) is related to Muhurta> > dertermination.> > ==>> > > Also does anyone get affected by the 'karana' prevailing at one's> > > birth time? Does a particular 'karana' at birth indicate one's ups> > > and downs in life?> > <==> > I am yet to hear any

such thing - even though associating Karana> > results generally with t he native and especially with the Moon dasa is a> > common practice.> > A special point to remember is that we might be calculating Karanas> > wrongly right now - Because as per modern books Karana is half of Tithi> > (Tithyardham Karnam) - but the question arises - if Karana is just half of> > Tithi, why should we consider it as indipendent at all? Why should we> > attribute a special limb to it? Mere use of the word Purvardha of Tithi, and> > Uttarardha of Tithi must have been sufficient.. If Karana has a constent 6> > degree span, and is just the half of Tithi, then sinerely speaking there is> > no new limb such as Karana at all! So what is the clue? What is the idea> > hiding behind? What is the bit of lost knowledge? Yes, there is

some!> > As per Adharva vedeeya jyotisha, Karana is NOT half of Tithi - but it is> > the special name attributed to 'day time part of the tithi' and 'night time> > part of the tithi' - means their duration is NOT constent (such as 6 degree)> > - and this is what makes Karana an independent limb! Like the day and night> > which is associated with 'Solar day', 'Day time karana' and 'Night time> > Karana' are the day and night of the 'Lunar day' (i.e. Tithi)!> >> > Any way - just sharing the thoughts - but I don't think that the group> > is ripe now to discuss such issues related to Karana divisions. I dont'> > think that the group is ripe neither to discuss the possibilities of Chara> > and Stira karanas in prediction nor about the intricate issues associated> > with their use through out history.

So let us leave this subject here, if> > not any one is specially interested.> >> > Love and regards,> > Sreenadh> >> > ancient_indian_ astrology, "renunw" <renunw@>> > wrote:> > >> > > Dear Sreenadh ji,> > >> > > Thanks so much for this piece of information on 'karana'. All these> > > days did not know the meanings of karana.> > >> > > Also does anyone get affected by the 'karana' prevailing at one's> > > birth time? Does a particular 'karana' at birth indicate one's ups> > > and downs in life?> > >> > > blessings> > >> >

> Renu> > >> > >> > > -- In ancient_indian_ astrology, "Sreenadh"> > > sreesog@ wrote:> > > >> > > >> > > > Karana Names> > > >> > > >> > >> > > > - Written by Sreenadh> > > >> > > > Karana is half of a Tithi. Here we are interested in the 7 Karana> > > names> > > > and their meaning. This could be useful to some.> > > >> > > > 1. Bava> > > >> > > > In south india this is also know as `Simha karnam'> > > > (Lion). Anyway the word Bava has nothing to do with Lion. This word>

> > > originated from the Sanskrit word `Vapa', which means testacies,> > > > sperm, flush, creativity and so on. So naturally as you could> > > expect> > > > this karana is good for all Chara deeds (such as journey, daily> > > duties,> > > > business etc) and also for Stira deeds (such as sawing seeds,> > > sexual> > > > intercourse, for putting foundation stone, worship, temple> > > creation and> > > > so on).> > > >> > > > 2. Balava> > > >> > > > In south india this is also known as `Puli karanam'> > > > (Leopard). Anyway the word Balava has nothing to do with leopard.> > > This> > > > word originated from the Sanskrit word `Vadava', which means> > > > brahmin lady, female

horse (mare), slave girl, prostitute and so> > > on. The> > > > major meaning considered here is `Brahmin lady'. That is why> > > > this karana is good for Yajna, Homa (fire worship), study of Veda,> > > for> > > > reading epic and puranas etc. It is good for all kinds of Santi> > > karma.> > > >> > > > 3. Kaulava> > > >> > > > In south india this is also known as `Panni> > > > karanam' (Pig/Swine). Anyway the word Kaulava has nothing to do> > > with> > > > Pig. This word originated from the Sanskrit word Kulapa or Kudava.> > > > Kudava is a kind of measurement vessel (also known as Nazhi in> > > south> > > > india). 1 Kudava = 32 Tola. Kula means traditional family. so the> >

> word> > > > Kaula can refer to anyone who follows a traditional path, or> > > traditional> > > > job. For example Kulala is the one who creates mud vessels, and> > > Kaulalam> > > > is mud vessel. Kaulika is weaver and is also another name for> > > people who> > > > follow the traditional Siva-Sakta tantric path of worship. Also> > > remember> > > > the word Kaul, popular especially among Kashmiri pundits –> > > > essentially pointing to Kaulachara (Kaula system of siva-sakti> > > worship).> > > > Thus essentially Kaulava karana is related to family, tradition> > > and any> > > > thing worldly. Thus naturally it is good for all Sthira karma> > > (such as> > > > friendship, compromise, agreement or

anything which we want to> > > stay for> > > > long).> > > >> > > > 4. Taitila> > > >> > > > In south india this is also known as Kazhuta karnam> > > > (Donkey). Anyway the word Taitila has nothing to do with Donkey.> > > This> > > > word originated from the Sanskrit word `Titir', which means> > > > getting awards, rewards or respect. Titir is a word with great> > > history.> > > > Remember the sage Titir based on whom the `Taitireeya banch' of> > > > vedic knowledge got its name. It could be because of the reverence> > > to> > > > him that the word `Titir' got the meaning respect or reward.> > > > Titiksha means patience. There is one very popular English word> > >

which> > > > originated from the same root word – i.e. `Title'. Apart> > > > from the meaning `heading', the word `Title' also means> > > > `entitling', giving a special name out of respect as a award,> > > > reward. Remember the `Sir' title awarded in medieval periods to> > > > many, and also the titles `Lord', `Dr' etc. Thus> > > > naturally Taitila karana is good for all activities related to> > > king,> > > > authority, ornamentation, ornamenting the idols and revered ones> > > and so> > > > on. Of course, to be near the kings or people in power and> > > authority> > > > without losing head demands a lot of patience as well. For pledge> > > > taking, receiving position, charge taking etc usually Taitila> > > karana

is> > > > preferred.> > > >> > > >> > > > 5. Gara> > > >> > > > In south india this is also known as Gaja karana> > > (Elephant).> > > > Anyway the word Taitila has nothing to do with Elephant. Here the> > > root> > > > word itself is `Gara' meaning hard, difficult, demanding more> > > > effort and so on. Remember the words Garima (proud beauty), Gurutva> > > > (essence fullness), Garishta (most dense, most valuable), Gareeyan> > > (most> > > > revered, great). Actually this word has a better history. In the> > > ancient> > > > past the jobs that are considered difficult are> > > cattle/horse/ elephant> > > > breading, agriculture and rural business of grains,

vehicle> > > related and> > > > so on; they demand much effort from the villager. Hriha is a word> > > that> > > > points to any type of house. The jobs that comes under the> > > category of> > > > difficult jobs and the word `gara' points to is cattle shed,> > > > horse shed, elephant shed and so on. For example Aswa-gara (horse> > > shed).> > > > The vehicle of ancient period is horse, and the place to land the> > > > vehicle is `Garage' as per English language. Note that English> > > > is also a language of Indo-European language family. The point to> > > note> > > > is that it is just due all this that – Gara karana is very> > > > auspicious for any hard and difficult jobs, whether it be related> > >

to> > > > vehicle, cattle, house, machinery, rural business and so on.> > > >> > > > 6. Vanija> > > >> > > > In south india this karana is known as `Surabhi> > > > karanam' (Cow). Anyway the word Vanija has nothing to do with Cow.> > > > This word originated from the Sanskrit word `Panija' or Pani> > > > meaning Phoenician, businessman or market. Remember the word> > > Vanijya> > > > (business) which too is a related word. The word `Pani' or> > > > `Pany' means Phoenician or business (In the vedic past the> > > > Phoenicians did business with India). Note the presence of this> > > word in> > > > the modern day English word `company' (com-pany) – thus> > > > company essentially means `group business'. Looking at

the> > > > history of this word it is clear that `Vanija' or> > > > `Panija' is a word essentially related to business. Thus> > > > naturally this Karana is good for starting a business, selling> > > plot or> > > > building or anything of the like and so on.> > > >> > > > 7. Vishti> > > >> > > > In south india this karana is known with this self> > > same> > > > name, and it is assumed that the shape of Vishti is similar to a> > > dog.> > > > Anyway the word Vishti has nothing to do with dog. Here the root> > > word> > > > itself is `Vishti' meaning effort without benefit, work without> > > > payment; in short `wastage' of time, money and energy. Vishiti> > > > is Vi-Ishti.

Ishti is yaga or work. Vi-Ishti is useless Ishti or> > > useless> > > > work; i.e. work that got wasted. In short vishti means `waste'> > > > – both words (vishti and waste) originated from the same root. Thus> > > > naturally this karana is not good for beneficial or good deeds and> > > also> > > > for deeds for which we expect some benefit (even punya) in return.> > > >> > > >> > > > Just some thoughts. Hope that this would be useful at least to> > > some> > > > one.> > > > Love and regards,> > > > Sreenadh> > > >> > >> >> > > >>

 

Unlimited freedom, unlimited storage. Get it now

Link to comment
Share on other sites

Join the conversation

You are posting as a guest. If you have an account, sign in now to post with your account.
Note: Your post will require moderator approval before it will be visible.

Guest
Reply to this topic...

×   Pasted as rich text.   Paste as plain text instead

  Only 75 emoji are allowed.

×   Your link has been automatically embedded.   Display as a link instead

×   Your previous content has been restored.   Clear editor

×   You cannot paste images directly. Upload or insert images from URL.

Loading...
×
×
  • Create New...