PANPHARA - The Bhransha

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In the Vedic Astrology or Jyotish, the houses - 2,5,8 and 11 houses from the Lagna are given a collective attribute "PANPHARA", Like "AAPOKILM" , Bhranshit ""PANPHARA" is misused by some critics to propagate false theory that Jyotish is of Greek origin, Unable to understand the term at it's face value, they so called ignorant as well as arrogant critics presented their inability to understand the meaning of "Panphara" in the form of cynical imagination that Panphara is a non Sanskrit term borrowed from Greeks, Hence, Jyotish is of Greek origin.

I intend to clarify the term - "PANPHARA", how it was used originally in ancient india to eliminate those anti vedic jyotish cynic's criticsm forever.

Some or other ways, houses 2,5,8 and 11 are related to earnings and wealth , As per Kalidasa's "UttarKalamrita" , the 2nd house denotes purchase and sell activities (Kraya-Vikraya) and enterprise for earning wealth (Vittodyamaha). The 7th and 10th houses denote business activities (Vanijyam), 11'th house denotes Labha (gains).

"PANPHARA" is bhransha of SANSKRIT term "PANYAPHAL", Sage Valmiki has used Sanskrit Term - ""PANYAPHAL" in Ramayana, refer to shloka no - 1.1.100

- "Vanik JanaH Panya Phalatvam Iiyaat"

That Means, A Vaishya (Businessman) reading this Ramayana accrues monetary-gains.

During Chandragupta's period in which Kautilya lived, good trade practices were well organized, Goods which could not be sold at the place of their origin, field or factory. They were to be carried to the appointed markets ( PANYA SALA ) where the dealer had to declare particulars as to the quantity, quality and the prices of his goods which were examined and registered in the books.

Pali text Milinda-PanhA says Sagala (modern Sialkot in Pakistan) was a great centre of trade, It also describes that the commodity which was put for sale was known as "Panya", Goods purchased was called 'Kreeta'. in the same text, the term 'Satyapayati' which stands for an advance from the purchaser to the seller as a promise to purchase a commodity within a limited period of time

Kautilya mentioned in his Arthashastra that between 400 and 300 B.C., there used to be a director of trade whose primary responsibility was to monitor the market situations. Additionally, the director of trade was made responsible for fair trade practices. The director of trade was required to be "conversant with the differences in the prices of commodities of high value and of low value and the popularity or unpopularity of goods of various kinds whether produced on land or in water [and] whether they arrived along land-routes or water-routes, [and] also [should know about] suitable times for resorting to dispersal or concentration, purchase or sale.

regards,

Lalit Mishra