Ratha Saptami-AruNam: Part XXVII ( 13th anuvAkam : Mantrams 61-63)

[Guest guest]

Sri:

 

Dear VedAbhimAnis:

 

In the 3 mantrams of the 13th

anuvAkam (61-63) , dEva MaatA ,

Adhiti dEvi is eulogized and her

eight sons are identified .

The purpose of her leaving

Sooryan , the 8th son of hers

in the earth prior to returning to

her home in heaven is decribed.

 

Text of Mantrams 61-62

 

ashtayOnimashtaputrAm

ashtapatneemimAm maheem

aham vEdha na mE mrutyu:

na chaa mrutyuradhAharath

ashtayOnyashtaputram

ashtapadhidhamantariksham

aham vEdha na mE mrutyu:

nachAmrutyuragAharath

ashtayOnimashtaputrAm

ashtapatneemamUm dhivam (61)

 

aham vEda na mE mrutyu:

na chAmrutyuragAharath

sutrAmANam maheemUshu

adhitir-dhyouradhitirantariksham

Adhitir-mAtA sa PitA sa putra:

ViSvE dEvA Adhiti: pancha janA:

Adhitir-jAtamadhitirjanitvam

ashtou putrAsO AdhitE:

yE jAtAstanva: pari

dEvA (2)mupapraith saptabhi: (62)

 

Word by Word Meanings of 61-62

Mantrams:

 

ashta yOneem ashta putrAm ashta

patneem imAm maheem aham vEdha=

adiyEn knows this BhUmi dEvi , who

has eight kinds of causes or eight kinds

of places of birth , eight sons and

eight kinds of protectors.

 

ashta yOni= The eight root causes

( Moola KaaraNams) for this earth

is Prakruti , Mahath, ahankAram ,

the pentad SaBdha-sparSa-roopa-

rasa-gandham ( GeethA: 7.4).

 

ashta putrAm= Adhiti's eight sons

are: Agni, JaatavEdhas, SahOjas,

AjirAprabhu , VaisvAnaran , naryApas,

PanktirAdhas and Visarpi( the eight

kinds of Agnis).

 

Ashtapatneem=The word , "Pathnee"

is used to mean protectors.The eight

protectors for the BhUmi are: Indhran,

Agni, Yaman,Nirruti , VaruNan ,Vaayu,

KubhEran and IsAnan .There are the

eight lords of Directions.

 

na mE mrutyu:=Because I know this

I do not face death .

 

amrutyu: agA na chAharath=Untimely

death( akAla Mrutyu) can not give

me sorrow and sins.

 

ashtayOneem ashtaputram

ashtapadh idham antariksham

aham vEdha=I know this antariksha

dEvatai , who has eight causes ,

eight sons and eight protectors.

 

na mE mrutyu:= Because I know

this , I do not meet death.

 

agA amrutyu: na chAharath=

akAla maraNam( death) does not

give me sins and sorrow. akAla

maraNam does not affect me.

 

ashtayOneem ashtaputrAm

ashtapatneem dhivam aham

vEdha=I comprehend the deity

of heaven , who has eight causes,

eight sons and eight protectors.

 

na mE mrutyu:= Because of my

comprehension of these doctrines,

I have no death.

 

aghA amrutyu: na chAharath=

the akAla maraNam does not

confer any sins or sorrows on

me.It does not affect me.

 

suthrAmaNam maheemUshu=

We have to invoke the meanings of

two Veda Mantrams:"suthramANam

and MaheemUshu". The text and

the meanings of the mantrams are

given below.These are Mantrams

eulogizing Adhiti dEvi.

 

" SuthramANam" Mantram asks us to

perform SaraNAgathy to Adhiti dEvi

and feel joyous therefrom . She is

recognized as One who protects all

well, One who is of the form of sky

and earth, One who is beyond time,

grantor of auspiciousness ,remover of

enimity, sinless and like a divine ship

engaged in carrying out MangaLa

kAryams.

 

" MaheemUshu" mantram asks us also to

perform SaraNAgathy at the benovolent

Adhiti dEvi's feet and become free from

burdens .She is described as the most

reverence worthy ,as the caring Mother

for those , who perform vratams,ageless,

adored by kings ,guide towards the good

path.

 

Adhiti: dhyou , Adhiti: antariksham,

Adhiti mAtA , Sa: pitA , sa Putra:=

She is the heaven ,She is the interspace,

She is the Mother and she is the Father ,

She is the son.

 

Adhiti: ViSvE dEvA: pancha janA: =She is

the ViSvE dEvars and She is the pancha

janams ( those of the four Varnams and

the fifth one outside them ).

 

MahA NarAyaNa Upanishad Mantram

( 25th anuvAkam: 111st Mantram)

celebrates Aditi as the above two

AruNa Mantrams:

" Adhiti is the Mother of all living

beings such as gods,gandharvAs ,

human beings, the pitrus, asurAs ,

and She is signified by names

such as Medhini , Mahee ,Saavitri,

Gaayatri, Jagathi , Urvee,Prithvi ,

BahuLa , VisvA , Bhuta , Katama,

Ka, Ya , Satya and Amrita.Thus did

Sage Vasishta praise Mother Earth."

 

Adhiti jAtam janitvam =Adhiti dEvi is

the universe that has come to be

( the present one) and the one to come

into being(future universe) .

 

 

Adhiti putrAsa: ashtou tanva: pari

yE jAtA:=The eight sons of Adhiti

were born out of Her body.

 

saptabhi: putrai: dEvAn upapraith=

She returned to deva lOkam with seven

of Her eight children . She left

the eighth one behind on earth. He

is Sooryan.He takes away the lives of

janthus thru His udhayam ( dawning)

and astamanam (setting).

 

Introduction to Mantram 63

 

In this mantram , it is pointed out

that Adhiti dEvi left for heaven with

7 sons and left the 8th son below.

He is MaarthANDan left behind for

the mortals , who can not avoid death.

The names of the 8 sons of Adhiti are

recited in the order of their birth.

Next a description is given about

Sooryan staying in the form of seven

Purushans.

 

The Text of the 63rd Mantram

parA-mArtANDamAsyath

sapatabhi: putrairadhiti:

upapraith poorvyam yugam

prajAyai mrutyEva tath

parA-MaartANDamAbharadhiti

tAnanukramishyAma:

mitrasccha VaruNasccha

dhAtAchAryamA cha

agumSaSccha bhagaSccha

IndhraSccha VivasvAmScchEtyEtE

HiraNyagarbhO hagumsSSuchishath

Brahmajajn~anantadhitpadhamiti

garbha: prAjApatya:

atha purushas-saptapurusha:

 

63rd Mantram:Word by word Meanings

 

MaartANDam parA AasyAth=Adhiti

dEvi left behind the 8th son named

MaartANDan.

 

Adhiti: sapatabhi: putrai: poorvyam

yugam upapraith =Adhiti dEvi returned

with Her seven sons to her former

place of residence ( dEva lOkam).

 

prajAyai mrutyavE tath MaartANDam

parA AabharAth ithi =She sacrificed

that eighth son for the people of the

world associated with death.This is

the story told in the vedhAs.

 

taann anukramishyAma:=Let us count

and name the eight sons of Adhiti.

 

MitraSccha VaruNaSccha dhAtAcha-

aryamA cha=They are Mitran , VaruNan,

DhAtA and AryamA as well as

 

amSaSccha bhagaSccha indhraSccha

VivasvAmScchEtyEtE=AmSan , Bhagan,

Indhran and VivasvAn .

 

HiraNyagarbhO hagumsa:

Suchishath Brahma Jn~Anam

tadhithpadham=Here , we have

to remember the three mantrams

starting with (1)hamsa: Sushichith ,

(2)Brahma Jn~Anam and (3)tadhithpadham.

 

Meaning of HiraNyagarbha Mantram:

The father of HiraNyagarbhar(Brahma)

provides the foundation for the earth

and heaven ( sa DhAdhAra prutiveem

dhyAmutEmAm) . To whom else can we

offer the Havis ( kasmai dEvAya havishA

vidhEma?) .To no other god.

 

Meaning of the hagum sa: suSishath

Mantram( MahA NaaryANa upanishad

40.3 : " The Sun,the brilliant,the wind

in the atmosphere , the fire on the altar,

the guest in the house ,the innerself

dwelling in men, the indweller of

those gods above,the one in which

resides in the world of truth , the

dweller in the celestial sky ,

the water-born, the earth -born,

sacrifice-born, mountain-born--all

these are( the nature of Brahman)

the great Truth.

 

Meaning of the Brahma Jn~Ana

Mantram: MahA NaarAyaNa

Upanishad: 1.10.1: At the very

beginning , the lustrous Venan(Sooryan)

arose from Brahman , shone across

the entire world and pervaded in all

directions . He illumines the earth

and the upper world. He inserts

the forms like Him everywhere.

He becomes the origin of

the KaaraNa and Kaarya lOkams.

 

Meaning of "tadhitpadha" mantram:

Not even the most intelligent person

can figure out where the soul after it

leaves the body enters and gains other

sareerams.The reason for this lack of

knowledge is due to us being under the

influence of the MaayA constituted by

the three guNams. Like the ever rotating

wheel , jeevan takes on new births again

and again due to its karmAs. This jeevan

does not die and disappear.He continues

to live . He is eternal.

 

garbha: prAjApatyA:=In the mantram

starting with HiraNYagarbha:,

the pregnancy linked to PrajApati

is referred to .

 

atha Purusha: sapta purusha:=

Next , explanation is given as to

how Soorya Purushan is in the form

of seven PurushAs.

 

Thirteenth anuvAkam sampoorNam

NamO Veda PurushAya ,

DhAsan, Oppiliappan Koil

VaradAchAri Sadagopan