Guest guest Posted November 3, 1999 Report Share Posted November 3, 1999 ___________ > I think intuition >transcends, but includes logic as its basis. What many people call >intuition, I call either insight or feelings. Insight refers to a >transcendant knowing that has no basis in logic, per se. Most people do >not possess insight in my opinion, as it requires spiritual training. >Thus, the most common usage of intuition seems to refer to feelings, >emotions and hunches. I think this type of " intuition " is not a higher >form of knowledge and often leads to erroneous clinical choices. You are giving voice to something that I have felt for many years. I talk with my students about this issue, although I think that many of them are distrustful of someone who appears to be telling them not to trust immediately their feelings. I explain to these students that in Chinese medicine, as I understand it, intuition is not something that one is born with, but it is something that one develops through the concordant processes of study and practice. That is to say that within a firm grounding in rational analysis of patterns, formulae, etc., it is very difficult for a practitioner to develop his or her intuition in a way that does not put patients at risk. When I supervise students in our clinic, I sometimes have to tell them not to do something because although they may ``feel'' that it is the right thing, it has no basis in grounded thought and considered from my clinical perspective, it may actually harm the patient. >Since there is no way that any modern medical system will require the >spiritual training necessary for insight, we are left to rely on logic >which can lead to holistic intuition. In this sense, we are almost >lucky that logical antimystical confucianism dominated the history of >TCM in china. To be honest, I have to say that I'm pretty happy that taoism was never lost within the cold, calculating logic of confucianism. Somehow I've just never equated confucianism and being lucky. ;-) I agree that with the >addition of palpation and apprenticeship and zazen, this style no doubt >comes alive, but such things are of no interest to me, so I prefer >confucian style booklearning and practice, practice, practice. I would also suggest that internal practices, aka nei gong, meditation,etc., are one of the big missing components of Asian medical practice in the West. Now before you pounce on me, what I mean is that I think in addition to the intellectual pursuit, a practitioner would be well advised to develop these other aspects of development. First of all, I believe it helps one on the road to insight and intuition. Second of all, it is perhaps the only hope of saving the spleen---already placed on the endangered species list in my particular part of the world. I think, this is one of the reasons that I am attracted to the taoist elements of Chinese medicine. These practices have always been an integral part of that tradition. Oh, one last thing...while I agree that open dialogue and respectful interaction is critical not only to the development of our field, but also to the continued existence of human life on our planet, I do not want to fall into the trap of relativist thinking. I believe that each of us needs to think carefully about our ideas and beliefs, then stand behind them. Not rigidly or dogmatically, but firmly. I don't think that every system is of equal value and I'm not going to pretend that I believe that to be the case simply because one of my colleagues has said that they think a particular system is great. I believe, also that this point of view is quite common in the history of Chinese medicine. It used to be that I thought that there was this wild tradition in Chinese medicine of accepting all the theories and ideas that people espoused and simply letting them coexist. I don't believe that to be the case, although it may look that way. What happens, I believe, is that people argue furiously, using text references and effusive quoting of the classics, but then at the end of the day, everything gets left on the table. It's not that the arguing and taking a firm stand doesn't happen, it's that no definitive final answer is ever given. That, to me, is a very different proposition than simply saying that everything is of equal value. This rant, by the way, is not aimed at any one thing that has been said in this discussion, it's more a way of letting you all know where I stand on this general issue, which I imagine may come up in our conversations. whew... Craig Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Guest guest Posted November 3, 1999 Report Share Posted November 3, 1999 Please excuse my polemical tendencies. The confucian comment was a bit tongue in cheek. I was most certainly drawn into TCM because of my interest in Taoism. And I have studied qi gong and yoga for 16 years. While I definitely believe these practices are the foundation of both my good health and understanding of TCM, I feel the need to continually reemphasize the intellectual tradition within our profession. I do not believe I have or perhaps ever will progress enough in my spiritual practice to make it the basis of my practice so I guess I have no choice to pursue my strength. While Robert is correct that basic textbook TCM is lacking in emphasis on palpation, I actually feel the main problem among American practitioners is a lack of intellectual study and rigor. Most people I know rely mainly on touch and personal feelings in crafting their treatments. With the continual unscholarly diatribes against TCM by the likes of Mark Seem over the past decade, I am not concerned with the lack of palpation, but the primacy it is given by many people at the expense of other forms of examination. their are four examinations and it is my observation that it is questioning that is sorely lacking and of the most concern to me. I agree 100% that some ideas have more value than others. I think this sort of relativism that gives equal value to all ideas is a very pernicious influence on our whole culture right now. It has most certainly infected TCM. Coincidentally perhaps, Mark Seem was also a student of French postmodernist philosophy, which is the source of current relativist thinking in American academia. The postmodernists reject intellectual systems and are thus atttracted to phenomenological, relativistic models of practice. Palpation based therapy lends itself well to this mode of thinking. But I have yet to see this method successfully applied for herbal medicine for complex chronic illnesses, whatever efficacy it may have for acupuncture. The sho of kampo includes palpation as a diagnostic method, but it is my impression that primacy is still given to questioning by modern practitioners. I know hong yen hsu did not advocate prescription based upon palpation alone and Heiner Fruehauf points out that this was not developed much in China itself and yet China's herbal system is considered the most developed in Asia. I have used abdominal palpation on and off for years and find it not useful in my herbal practice. cem ___________ > I think intuition >transcends, but includes logic as its basis. What many people call >intuition, I call either insight or feelings. Insight refers to a >transcendant knowing that has no basis in logic, per se. Most people do >not possess insight in my opinion, as it requires spiritual training. >Thus, the most common usage of intuition seems to refer to feelings, >emotions and hunches. I think this type of " intuition " is not a higher >form of knowledge and often leads to erroneous clinical choices. You are giving voice to something that I have felt for many years. I talk with my students about this issue, although I think that many of them are distrustful of someone who appears to be telling them not to trust immediately their feelings. I explain to these students that in Chinese medicine, as I understand it, intuition is not something that one is born with, but it is something that one develops through the concordant processes of study and practice. That is to say that within a firm grounding in rational analysis of patterns, formulae, etc., it is very difficult for a practitioner to develop his or her intuition in a way that does not put patients at risk. When I supervise students in our clinic, I sometimes have to tell them not to do something because although they may ``feel'' that it is the right thing, it has no basis in grounded thought and considered from my clinical perspective, it may actually harm the patient. >Since there is no way that any modern medical system will require the >spiritual training necessary for insight, we are left to rely on logic >which can lead to holistic intuition. In this sense, we are almost >lucky that logical antimystical confucianism dominated the history of >TCM in china. To be honest, I have to say that I'm pretty happy that taoism was never lost within the cold, calculating logic of confucianism. Somehow I've just never equated confucianism and being lucky. ;-) I agree that with the >addition of palpation and apprenticeship and zazen, this style no doubt >comes alive, but such things are of no interest to me, so I prefer >confucian style booklearning and practice, practice, practice. I would also suggest that internal practices, aka nei gong, meditation,etc., are one of the big missing components of Asian medical practice in the West. Now before you pounce on me, what I mean is that I think in addition to the intellectual pursuit, a practitioner would be well advised to develop these other aspects of development. First of all, I believe it helps one on the road to insight and intuition. Second of all, it is perhaps the only hope of saving the spleen---already placed on the endangered species list in my particular part of the world. I think, this is one of the reasons that I am attracted to the taoist elements of Chinese medicine. These practices have always been an integral part of that tradition. Oh, one last thing...while I agree that open dialogue and respectful interaction is critical not only to the development of our field, but also to the continued existence of human life on our planet, I do not want to fall into the trap of relativist thinking. I believe that each of us needs to think carefully about our ideas and beliefs, then stand behind them. Not rigidly or dogmatically, but firmly. I don't think that every system is of equal value and I'm not going to pretend that I believe that to be the case simply because one of my colleagues has said that they think a particular system is great. I believe, also that this point of view is quite common in the history of Chinese medicine. It used to be that I thought that there was this wild tradition in Chinese medicine of accepting all the theories and ideas that people espoused and simply letting them coexist. I don't believe that to be the case, although it may look that way. What happens, I believe, is that people argue furiously, using text references and effusive quoting of the classics, but then at the end of the day, everything gets left on the table. It's not that the arguing and taking a firm stand doesn't happen, it's that no definitive final answer is ever given. That, to me, is a very different proposition than simply saying that everything is of equal value. This rant, by the way, is not aimed at any one thing that has been said in this discussion, it's more a way of letting you all know where I stand on this general issue, which I imagine may come up in our conversations. whew... Craig Chronic Diseases Heal - Chinese Herbs Can Help Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Guest guest Posted November 3, 1999 Report Share Posted November 3, 1999 --- <TLuger wrote: > > While Robert is correct that basic textbook TCM is > lacking in emphasis > on palpation, I actually feel the main problem among > American > practitioners is a lack of intellectual study and > rigor. Most people I > know rely mainly on touch and personal feelings in > crafting their > treatments. I agree that the intellectual standard is fairly mediocre among the majority of people practicing in this country. However, there is a BIG difference in skilled vs unskilled palpation. This is why in Japan practitioners tend to form study groups, to keep palpatory and other diagnostic findings as objective as possible. This has not really happened in this country. >their are > four examinations and > it is my observation that it is questioning that is > sorely lacking and > of the most concern to me. I will defer to your longer experience, though this has not been my experience. I think people lack focus in diagnosis and don't know what to do with the data, rather than not asking enough questions. > > Palpation based > therapy lends itself > well to this mode of thinking. But I have yet to > see this method > successfully applied for herbal medicine for complex > chronic illnesses, > whatever efficacy it may have for acupuncture. The > sho of kampo > includes palpation as a diagnostic method, but it is > my impression that > primacy is still given to questioning by modern > practitioners. Well, the four examinations. it is the conformation (sho- = zheng, pattern, evidence) that is important, in its totality, not any single examination. >I know > hong yen hsu did not advocate prescription based > upon palpation alone > and Heiner Fruehauf points out that this was not > developed much in China > itself and yet China's herbal system is considered > the most developed in > Asia. I don't think you'll find many experienced practitioners who advocate prescribing anything on one sign alone. > > I have used abdominal palpation on and off for years > and find it not > useful in my herbal practice. Fine, but some do, and a fairly large body of work exists on the subject, IMHO it bears some study. Call me anti-intellectual or whatever. To me, I study TCM, teach the Wiseman-Ellis chapter & verse, but something is definitely missing. I'll shut up now. ===== regards, Robert Hayden, Dipl. Ac. kampo36 Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Guest guest Posted November 3, 1999 Report Share Posted November 3, 1999 I agree wholeheartedly with Todd. The main weakness in American practitioners is a lack of intellectual rigor, a laziness that relies on cookbook selections of herbs and points and a lot of 'feel'. Even acupuncture traditionally was based on a rigorous study of the Nei jing, Lei jing and Jia yi jing, and a deep understanding of Chinese medical theory. If we look at great Japanese acupuncturists like Dr. Yoshio Manaka, we see that they are intellectually rigorous in their work. There was a school of Kampo, originating with Yoshimasu Todo, that abandoned all theory as 'speculative', relying solely on abdominal palpation and SHL prescriptions. It severely limited clinical practice to a hands-on but dogmatic approach without intellectual flexibility. This discussion reminds me of the ongoing debate in the history of medicine in the West, recorded by Harris Coulter in his " Divided Legacy " , vol. 1, where he discusses the contrast between empiricism and rational therapy, the first based on experience, the second on deep study and inquiry. Interesting stuff. Finally, as a teacher of CM for the last 10 years, I have seen that there are also 2 types of students. . . .those that enter CM study through a previous background in massage, and those who are looking to learn a form of medicine as an intellectual discipline >Please excuse my polemical tendencies. The confucian comment was a bit >tongue in cheek. I was most certainly drawn into TCM because of my >interest in Taoism. And I have studied qi gong and yoga for 16 years. >While I definitely believe these practices are the foundation of both my >good health and understanding of TCM, I feel the need to continually >reemphasize the intellectual tradition within our profession. I do not >believe I have or perhaps ever will progress enough in my spiritual >practice to make it the basis of my practice so I guess I have no choice >to pursue my strength. > >While Robert is correct that basic textbook TCM is lacking in emphasis >on palpation, I actually feel the main problem among American >practitioners is a lack of intellectual study and rigor. Most people I >know rely mainly on touch and personal feelings in crafting their >treatments. With the continual unscholarly diatribes against TCM by the >likes of Mark Seem over the past decade, I am not concerned with the >lack of palpation, but the primacy it is given by many people at the >expense of other forms of examination. their are four examinations and >it is my observation that it is questioning that is sorely lacking and >of the most concern to me. > >I agree 100% that some ideas have more value than others. I think this >sort of relativism that gives equal value to all ideas is a very >pernicious influence on our whole culture right now. It has most >certainly infected TCM. Coincidentally perhaps, Mark Seem was also a >student of French postmodernist philosophy, which is the source of >current relativist thinking in American academia. The postmodernists >reject intellectual systems and are thus atttracted to phenomenological, >relativistic models of practice. Palpation based therapy lends itself >well to this mode of thinking. But I have yet to see this method >successfully applied for herbal medicine for complex chronic illnesses, >whatever efficacy it may have for acupuncture. The sho of kampo >includes palpation as a diagnostic method, but it is my impression that >primacy is still given to questioning by modern practitioners. I know >hong yen hsu did not advocate prescription based upon palpation alone >and Heiner Fruehauf points out that this was not developed much in China >itself and yet China's herbal system is considered the most developed in >Asia. > >I have used abdominal palpation on and off for years and find it not >useful in my herbal practice. > > Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Guest guest Posted November 3, 1999 Report Share Posted November 3, 1999 Robert, You hardly reveal an anti-intellectual bias in your posts. Quite the contrary. However, you have definitely struck a chord with those of us who are concerned about people who blindly trash TCM and advocate palpation as the highest and best form of TCM. I have not seen you do either of these things. So please do not " shut up " . It is common on this list for someone's specific comments to spur a more general discussion of a subject. I feel we need vigorous discussion of ideas in order to understand TCM, not just private musings, which is why I started this list. So as long as debates remain topical and not personal, onwards, please. note: by personal, I do not include critiquing authors and teachers who have dominated certain public discussions for years. they have strongly made their views public and have to be ready to take fire for them. so while Mark Seem is a smart man and a good clinician who definitely helps a lot of people, most of what he writes is philosophically anathema to me, but that is his right. nothing personal is meant. however I do see the correlations between mark's study of french philosophy, his personal antiintellectualism and his emphasis on phenomenonology. He wouldn't dispute this and is in fact proud of both being unscholarly and writing in diatribes. I see nothing wrong with criticizing a public position such as this and we all must feel similarly free. Everyone should not restrain themselves when debating ideas, just be nice to each other. Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Guest guest Posted November 3, 1999 Report Share Posted November 3, 1999 --- <zrosenberg wrote: > There was a school of Kampo, originating with > Yoshimasu Todo, that > abandoned all theory as 'speculative', relying > solely on abdominal > palpation and SHL prescriptions. It severely > limited clinical practice to > a hands-on but dogmatic approach without > intellectual flexibility. > This would be Koho-, which was started mainly by Goto Gonzan but reached a sort of philosophical zenith (or nadir if you prefer) with Yoshimasu To-do-. Again, whatever your perceptions, I submit for your approval no less than SEVEN commentaries on the classics by Ikeda Masakazu sitting on my bookshelf. This is maybe just over half of his total output. So much for the stereotype of non-intellectual Kampo practitioners. Again, no disrespect, but I had to say it. rh Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Guest guest Posted November 3, 1999 Report Share Posted November 3, 1999 Robert, Thank you. It appears that the lack of good kanpo sources in english has clouded this discussion. Could you give us an idea of what masakazu comments upon? r hayden <kampo36 --- <zrosenberg wrote: > There was a school of Kampo, originating with > Yoshimasu Todo, that > abandoned all theory as 'speculative', relying > solely on abdominal > palpation and SHL prescriptions. It severely > limited clinical practice to > a hands-on but dogmatic approach without > intellectual flexibility. > This would be Koho-, which was started mainly by Goto Gonzan but reached a sort of philosophical zenith (or nadir if you prefer) with Yoshimasu To-do-. Again, whatever your perceptions, I submit for your approval no less than SEVEN commentaries on the classics by Ikeda Masakazu sitting on my bookshelf. This is maybe just over half of his total output. So much for the stereotype of non-intellectual Kampo practitioners. Again, no disrespect, but I had to say it. rh Chronic Diseases Heal - Chinese Herbs Can Help Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Guest guest Posted November 3, 1999 Report Share Posted November 3, 1999 --- <TLuger wrote: > Robert, > > Thank you. It appears that the lack of good kanpo > sources in english > has clouded this discussion. Could you give us an > idea of what masakazu > comments upon? > > Ikeda has individual volumes commenting on Su Wen, Ling Shu, Nan Jing, Shang Han Lun, and Jing Gui Yao Lue. He translated Mai Jing into Japanese, and has written several books on classical study. He also co-wrote a large two-volume set on abdominal diagnosis in kampo and acupuncture. His latest is Traditional Acupuncture & Moxibustion Treatment (Dento- Shinkyu- Chiryo-ho-) which is a great clinical manual, practical treatments which are based on his patterns. He has a study group in Japan, Kampo Inyokai (Kampo Yin-Yang Association), and teaches for the Meridian Therapy association. Ted Kaptchuk has pointed out (in his introduction to the Fundamentals, first edition) that TCM as laid out in the Fundamentals is one way of putting together a diagnostic and treatment system based on the classics of Chinese medicine. To me, Ikeda represents another, no less rigorous, way of thinking different from Qin Bowei and Cheng Danan. I am not suggesting anyone abandon their methodology and follow his, but just to be aware that there are other interpretations of classical material coming from East Asia. Relativistic as it may be, if the methodology is sound, it deserves a nod of respect. His system will not replace TCM, of course, as it is fairly abstruse and requires not only intellectual muscle but palpatory skill. TCM is difficult enough to learn without going into a different interpretation of the same material (TCM is more complex in terms of numbers of patterns, actually though Ikeda has evolved and keeps adding stuff over the years). Really, I think we are agreed on the fact that most people find it easier to jab LI4/LV3 and give a bottle of Xiao Yao. So I think we're on the same side in terms of deploring lazy scholarship. A personal note: when I introduced Ikeda at the Hawaii seminar this year, I compared him to the scholar-physicians of the Song-Jin-Yuan; a little smile crossed his lips, I think he liked that.... rh Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Guest guest Posted November 3, 1999 Report Share Posted November 3, 1999 As I mentioned earlier in the same post, mr. hayden, many Japanese practitioners were scholars. And, if we look at commentaries on the Nan Jing, a good percentage are Japanese (see the bibliography in Unschuld's version). >r hayden <kampo36 > >--- <zrosenberg wrote: > >> There was a school of Kampo, originating with >> Yoshimasu Todo, that >> abandoned all theory as 'speculative', relying >> solely on abdominal >> palpation and SHL prescriptions. It severely >> limited clinical practice to >> a hands-on but dogmatic approach without >> intellectual flexibility. >> > >This would be Koho-, which was started mainly by Goto >Gonzan but reached a sort of philosophical zenith (or >nadir if you prefer) with Yoshimasu To-do-. Again, >whatever your perceptions, I submit for your approval >no less than SEVEN commentaries on the classics by >Ikeda Masakazu sitting on my bookshelf. This is maybe >just over half of his total output. So much for the >stereotype of non-intellectual Kampo practitioners. > >Again, no disrespect, but I had to say it. > >rh > >>Chronic Diseases Heal - Chinese Herbs Can Help Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Guest guest Posted November 6, 1999 Report Share Posted November 6, 1999 It certainly seems that tradition of which you speak is a very scholarly one, indeed. Am I correct in thinking that the original koho masters would have not gone in for such speculation? That is my impression and it is the tradition I criticize. I would imagine that a purely phenomenonological approach would have been found to be lacking clinically (unless one was a zen adept, perhaps) and the human mind could not help but begin to organize the phenomena into theories. that seems to be the case, here. Perhaps one of the distinctions between TCM and kanpo is like you said, how they organized the material and which influences were emphasized. Xu da chun, who unchuld translates was a 17th century chinese reactionary who hated the song jin yuan and advocated a return to the classics, so the chinese have had this trend, as well. Modern TCM owes a lot to the song jin yuan masters and much of the modern development has occurrred in that context. However, some kampo schools have obviously developed other aspects of the classics. In the case of koho, they downplayed the newer stuff like li and zhu yet developed certain aspects of the classics that were not so in china, like abd. palpation. Having read some qin bo wei and cheng dan an, I definitely consider them to have remained true to tradition in developing TCM. While TCM is often faulted for what is left out, TCM is definitely the inheritor of zhu dan xi and fu qing zhu, etc. It is not just some modern bastardization. However, there are obviously other valid approaches to explore. When I explore these other approaches, TCM is usually vindicated in at least one way. TCM foundations give one the tools to explore the whole range of asian medicine. I have not found the reverse to be true (eg. study koryo hand acu , then go into TCM). One of my japanese teachers was not surprised at this observation. He said china was so vast that they considered everything under the sun, at least once. Japan was so much smaller, closed and isolated that they were not as motivated to go off on wild tangents. They were more conservative than china in many ways because of this isolation. The more open a society, the more information it processes and debates. And don't mistake conservatism for prudishness, just because they go hand in hand in modern times. The japanese were more comfortable with touch than the chinese confucians, so that may make them seem a very progressive society. Yet china had plenty of bodyworkers, just outside mainstream medicine, so perhaps the distinction is only true in the court. The japanese were not progressives, though. If anything, they have been more staid than the chinese, I think. r hayden <kampo36 --- <TLuger wrote: > Robert, > > Thank you. It appears that the lack of good kanpo > sources in english > has clouded this discussion. Could you give us an > idea of what masakazu > comments upon? > > Ikeda has individual volumes commenting on Su Wen, Ling Shu, Nan Jing, Shang Han Lun, and Jing Gui Yao Lue. He translated Mai Jing into Japanese, and has written several books on classical study. He also co-wrote a large two-volume set on abdominal diagnosis in kampo and acupuncture. His latest is Traditional Acupuncture & Moxibustion Treatment (Dento- Shinkyu- Chiryo-ho-) which is a great clinical manual, practical treatments which are based on his patterns. He has a study group in Japan, Kampo Inyokai (Kampo Yin-Yang Association), and teaches for the Meridian Therapy association. Ted Kaptchuk has pointed out (in his introduction to the Fundamentals, first edition) that TCM as laid out in the Fundamentals is one way of putting together a diagnostic and treatment system based on the classics of Chinese medicine. To me, Ikeda represents another, no less rigorous, way of thinking different from Qin Bowei and Cheng Danan. I am not suggesting anyone abandon their methodology and follow his, but just to be aware that there are other interpretations of classical material coming from East Asia. Relativistic as it may be, if the methodology is sound, it deserves a nod of respect. His system will not replace TCM, of course, as it is fairly abstruse and requires not only intellectual muscle but palpatory skill. TCM is difficult enough to learn without going into a different interpretation of the same material (TCM is more complex in terms of numbers of patterns, actually though Ikeda has evolved and keeps adding stuff over the years). Really, I think we are agreed on the fact that most people find it easier to jab LI4/LV3 and give a bottle of Xiao Yao. So I think we're on the same side in terms of deploring lazy scholarship. A personal note: when I introduced Ikeda at the Hawaii seminar this year, I compared him to the scholar-physicians of the Song-Jin-Yuan; a little smile crossed his lips, I think he liked that.... rh Chronic Diseases Heal - Chinese Herbs Can Help Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
Guest guest Posted November 13, 2001 Report Share Posted November 13, 2001 Benefits of Kombucha: Kombucha tea is mainly an immune system booster. There have been reports of it helping lower cholesterol, blood pressure, increasing energy, relieving symptoms of fibromyalgia, improving colitus, ridding the body of yeast-candida, improving skin conditions ect. the list goes on and on, of course with all natural products this takes TIME your not going to get an immediate result. These changes reported are from people who have been drinking it, for someof them for years. I myself have been drinking it for about 3 months. I have started to notice some increased energy the 1st thing I noticed was my bowels started working better. The tea is considered to be a food. It also is stated that if you have a problem such as candida it may well be exasperated at first before it gets better, but to just hang in there as this will pass. It is important to not drink too much at first 2-4 ounces and gradually build up to maybe 8-10 ounces a day over a long period of time. Also make sure you are drinking PLENTY of water. Regards Robin in Michigan....another newbie to the list Hi all Find the one for you at Personals http://personals. Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
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