1st time researchers admit that air pollution toxic affects the blood vessels in humans (Chemtrails?)

[Guest guest]

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" * Health and Healing * "

Sunday, March 31, 2002 3:21 PM

1st time researchers admit that air pollution

toxic affects the blood vessels in humans (Chemtrails?)

 

 

> Air pollution causes healthy blood vessels to constrict-

> http://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=3001181 -

> Journal Report

> 03/12/2002

> Air pollution causes healthy blood vessels to constrict

> DALLAS, March 12 - For the first time researchers have shown that air

> pollution negatively affects the blood vessels of healthy humans,

according

> to a study in today's rapid access issue of Circulation: A Journal of the

> American Heart Association.

> In the study, 25 healthy people inhaled elevated concentrations of fine

> particles plus ozone for two hours. After exposure, volunteers' blood

> vessels constricted between 2 percent and 4 percent on average. Their

> vessels did not constrict when they were exposed to ozone-free and

> particle-free air.

> " We have a wealth of epidemiological data saying that air pollution is

> associated with adverse respiratory and cardiovascular outcomes, but there

> is still a lack of understanding as to how the association occurs

> physiologically. These findings suggest a possible reason why the rate of

> heart attacks and other cardiovascular events increases with exposure to

air

> pollution for people with known heart and blood vessel disease, " says

Robert

> D. Brook, M.D., study co-author and assistant professor of internal

medicine

> in the division of hypertension and vascular medicine program at the

> University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.

> " There have been some suggestions in previous studies that people with

> atherosclerosis tend to respond with greater-than-normal constriction, or

> narrowing of blood vessels, in response to certain hormones in the body.

> Could it be that their blood vessels also have enhanced constriction in

> response to air pollution? Future studies will be needed to answer that

> question, " Brook says.

> The researchers focused on ozone and fine particulate matter. Fine

particles

> are those with a diameter of less than 2.5 micrometers. Fine particles are

> emitted from burning fossil fuels, mostly from car engine exhaust, power

> generation and many industrial processes. Ozone and additional particulate

> materials are created when the sun shines on these emissions.

> " In other research, exposure to fine particles has been implicated in

> coronary events such as heart attacks, " Brook explains. " In contrast to

> larger particles, which are trapped in the upper airways when inhaled, the

> fine particles travel down to the alveoli, tiny air sacs at the base of

the

> lungs, where they can affect the rest of the cardiovascular system by

> adversely impacting circulating blood. It is possible that the particles

may

> even directly enter the blood. "

> The University of Toronto has one of only a few facilities in the world

> currently using human volunteers that is capable of concentrating outdoor

> urban air particles to a desired pollution level, then piping them into a

> special air chamber for experiments such as this one, he says.

> In this study, the researchers used ultrasound to measure the diameter of

> the volunteers' brachial artery - which runs from the shoulder to the

> elbow - before and after two hours of exposure to a concentrated mixture

of

> ozone and fine particles. The level of concentration (150 micrograms per

> cubic meter) was about twice the EPA-suggested level for 24 hours of

> exposure (65 micrograms per cubic meter). Brook described that exposure as

> similar to those found in urban areas during peak air pollution times such

> as rush-hour traffic.

> At least two days before or after the pollutant exposure, subjects

underwent

> the same measurements after being exposed to air that was filtered to

remove

> the pollutants.

> The volunteers' arteries showed no change in response to breathing

filtered

> air, but constricted from 2 percent to 4 percent in response to the

polluted

> air.

> Researchers measured the width, or dilation, of the brachial artery.

Before

> exposure to fine particles, brachial artery dilation was 3.92mm; after

> exposure to pollution it was 3.82mm. For the filtered air, dilation was

> virtually unchanged (3.89mm vs. 3.90mm).

> " Although the degree of constriction in and of itself is unlikely to

produce

> significant problems in healthy individuals, such a constriction could

> conceivably trigger cardiac events in those individuals who have or are at

> risk for heart disease, " says Brook.

> These are the first findings to show such an effect in people. Because the

> 25 subjects in this study were all healthy and relatively young (average

age

> 35), these results call attention to the need for further research on the

> air pollution problems that plague most of the world's major cities, Brook

> says.

> " Our results are a clear demonstration that environmentally relevant

> concentrations of common air pollutants that can occur in urban settings

> adversely affect the blood vessels of healthy people, " Brook says.

> Brook adds that more research is needed to fully understand why air

> pollution has negative effects on blood vessels and to clarify the public

> health implications of the findings of these initial studies.

> The study was conducted at the University of Toronto and funded by the

Toxic

> Substance Research Initiative, a joint program of the Canadian Federal

> Ministries of Health and Environment, known as Health Canada and

Environment

> Canada.

> In the United States, the Environmental Protection Agency estimates that

air

> pollution contributed to 60,000 heart-related deaths in 1996, according to

> figures in the federal register.

> Co-authors include: Jeffrey R. Brook, Ph.D.; Bruce Urch, M.Sc.; Renaud

> Vincent, Ph.D.; Sanjay Rajagopalan, M.D.; and Frances Silverman, Ph.D.

> American Heart Association

> ####

>

>

>

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[Guest guest]

Elaine

Excellent report! Thank you for sending it.

John P.

-

" Elaine " <mem121

<Undisclosed-Recipient:@usermail.com;>

Sunday, March 31, 2002 3:47 PM

1st time researchers admit that air pollution toxic

affects the blood vessels in humans (Chemtrails?)

 

 

>

> -

> " * Health and Healing * "

> Sunday, March 31, 2002 3:21 PM

> 1st time researchers admit that air

pollution

> toxic affects the blood vessels in humans (Chemtrails?)

>

>

> > Air pollution causes healthy blood vessels to constrict-

> > http://www.americanheart.org/presenter.jhtml?identifier=3001181 -

> > Journal Report

> > 03/12/2002

> > Air pollution causes healthy blood vessels to constrict

> > DALLAS, March 12 - For the first time researchers have shown that air

> > pollution negatively affects the blood vessels of healthy humans,

> according

> > to a study in today's rapid access issue of Circulation: A Journal of

the

> > American Heart Association.

> > In the study, 25 healthy people inhaled elevated concentrations of fine

> > particles plus ozone for two hours. After exposure, volunteers' blood

> > vessels constricted between 2 percent and 4 percent on average. Their

> > vessels did not constrict when they were exposed to ozone-free and

> > particle-free air.

> > " We have a wealth of epidemiological data saying that air pollution is

> > associated with adverse respiratory and cardiovascular outcomes, but

there

> > is still a lack of understanding as to how the association occurs

> > physiologically. These findings suggest a possible reason why the rate

of

> > heart attacks and other cardiovascular events increases with exposure to

> air

> > pollution for people with known heart and blood vessel disease, " says

> Robert

> > D. Brook, M.D., study co-author and assistant professor of internal

> medicine

> > in the division of hypertension and vascular medicine program at the

> > University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.

> > " There have been some suggestions in previous studies that people with

> > atherosclerosis tend to respond with greater-than-normal constriction,

or

> > narrowing of blood vessels, in response to certain hormones in the body.

> > Could it be that their blood vessels also have enhanced constriction in

> > response to air pollution? Future studies will be needed to answer that

> > question, " Brook says.

> > The researchers focused on ozone and fine particulate matter. Fine

> particles

> > are those with a diameter of less than 2.5 micrometers. Fine particles

are

> > emitted from burning fossil fuels, mostly from car engine exhaust, power

> > generation and many industrial processes. Ozone and additional

particulate

> > materials are created when the sun shines on these emissions.

> > " In other research, exposure to fine particles has been implicated in

> > coronary events such as heart attacks, " Brook explains. " In contrast to

> > larger particles, which are trapped in the upper airways when inhaled,

the

> > fine particles travel down to the alveoli, tiny air sacs at the base of

> the

> > lungs, where they can affect the rest of the cardiovascular system by

> > adversely impacting circulating blood. It is possible that the particles

> may

> > even directly enter the blood. "

> > The University of Toronto has one of only a few facilities in the world

> > currently using human volunteers that is capable of concentrating

outdoor

> > urban air particles to a desired pollution level, then piping them into

a

> > special air chamber for experiments such as this one, he says.

> > In this study, the researchers used ultrasound to measure the diameter

of

> > the volunteers' brachial artery - which runs from the shoulder to the

> > elbow - before and after two hours of exposure to a concentrated mixture

> of

> > ozone and fine particles. The level of concentration (150 micrograms per

> > cubic meter) was about twice the EPA-suggested level for 24 hours of

> > exposure (65 micrograms per cubic meter). Brook described that exposure

as

> > similar to those found in urban areas during peak air pollution times

such

> > as rush-hour traffic.

> > At least two days before or after the pollutant exposure, subjects

> underwent

> > the same measurements after being exposed to air that was filtered to

> remove

> > the pollutants.

> > The volunteers' arteries showed no change in response to breathing

> filtered

> > air, but constricted from 2 percent to 4 percent in response to the

> polluted

> > air.

> > Researchers measured the width, or dilation, of the brachial artery.

> Before

> > exposure to fine particles, brachial artery dilation was 3.92mm; after

> > exposure to pollution it was 3.82mm. For the filtered air, dilation was

> > virtually unchanged (3.89mm vs. 3.90mm).

> > " Although the degree of constriction in and of itself is unlikely to

> produce

> > significant problems in healthy individuals, such a constriction could

> > conceivably trigger cardiac events in those individuals who have or are

at

> > risk for heart disease, " says Brook.

> > These are the first findings to show such an effect in people. Because

the

> > 25 subjects in this study were all healthy and relatively young (average

> age

> > 35), these results call attention to the need for further research on

the

> > air pollution problems that plague most of the world's major cities,

Brook

> > says.

> > " Our results are a clear demonstration that environmentally relevant

> > concentrations of common air pollutants that can occur in urban settings

> > adversely affect the blood vessels of healthy people, " Brook says.

> > Brook adds that more research is needed to fully understand why air

> > pollution has negative effects on blood vessels and to clarify the

public

> > health implications of the findings of these initial studies.

> > The study was conducted at the University of Toronto and funded by the

> Toxic

> > Substance Research Initiative, a joint program of the Canadian Federal

> > Ministries of Health and Environment, known as Health Canada and

> Environment

> > Canada.

> > In the United States, the Environmental Protection Agency estimates that

> air

> > pollution contributed to 60,000 heart-related deaths in 1996, according

to

> > figures in the federal register.

> > Co-authors include: Jeffrey R. Brook, Ph.D.; Bruce Urch, M.Sc.; Renaud

> > Vincent, Ph.D.; Sanjay Rajagopalan, M.D.; and Frances Silverman, Ph.D.

> > American Heart Association

> > ####

> >

> >

> >

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