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I was having a debate with a colleague about the use of ban xia. Ban

xia is one of my favorite herbs for phlegm and damp in both hot and cold

conditions. It is of course one of the chief ingredients in the tonic

formula liu jun zi tang. I feel that banxia is a strong medicinal

substance and should be used medicinally only. So I argued that liu

junzi tang was appropriate to treat symptomatic conditions of qi xu

damp, but not to be used indefinitely for spleen xu patients. What I am

referring to is more like kitchen medicine, where someone might take ren

shen and sheng jiang in congee every day for a year. While sheng jiang

and even chen pi are food, banxia is decidedly not and I did not think

it should be consumed like a food in this way. Am I being overly

cautious or is this correct?

 

--

 

Chinese Herbal Medicine

 

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on 2/17/01 2:21 PM, Todd at wrote:

 

> I was having a debate with a colleague about the use of ban xia. Ban

> xia is one of my favorite herbs for phlegm and damp in both hot and cold

> conditions. It is of course one of the chief ingredients in the tonic

> formula liu jun zi tang. I feel that banxia is a strong medicinal

> substance and should be used medicinally only. So I argued that liu

> junzi tang was appropriate to treat symptomatic conditions of qi xu

> damp, but not to be used indefinitely for spleen xu patients. What I am

> referring to is more like kitchen medicine, where someone might take ren

> shen and sheng jiang in congee every day for a year. While sheng jiang

> and even chen pi are food, banxia is decidedly not and I did not think

> it should be consumed like a food in this way. Am I being overly

> cautious or is this correct?

>

 

No, ban xia is listed as an inferior class medicinal (i.e. toxic) back to

the Divine Farmer's Materia Medica. I agree, it should not be used

indiscriminately. Interestingly, however, it is mentioned in the Nei Jing

combined with millet for insomnia.

 

 

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Saturday, February 17, 2001 3:21 PM

cha

ban xia

 

" banxia is decidedly not (food) and I did not think it should be consumed

like a food in this way. Am I being overly cautious or is this correct? "

 

New Message:

As you are probably aware, the raw herb is considered significantly more

toxic than the prepared, which is what most practitioners are getting,

prepared. Although the prepared form is also considered problematic. Raw

ginger seems to antedote as was alluded to by Dr Powalka. Any opinions on a

safer yet effective second choice for longer term use?

 

I have another safety question regarding perilla (su zi). There have been

some serious problems in farm animals that got into the perilla patch but I

have not seen or heard of any problems in humans. Any reports of problems

or cause for concern? In the 1990 Chinese Pharmacopea list of herbs with

safety considerations su zi is not on the list, and neither is guang fang

ji. The 13 week subchronic oral tox study (abstract below) also doesn't

indicate problems. However there peer reviewed data that confirms toxicity

in certain farm animals. I have copied some abstracts below for those

interested.

 

Stephen

 

Safety and Toxicity

**********JOURNAL OF NUTRITION******

Yun L Onodera H Takagi H Koujitani T Yasuhara K Mitsumori K Hirose M

[A 13-week subchronic oral toxicity study of Perilla extracts in F344 rats]

 

In: Kokuritsu Iyakuhin Shokuhin Eisei Kenkyusho Hokoku (1999)(117):104-7

A 13-week subchronic oral toxicity study of Perilla extracts in drinking

water containing 0%, 2.5%, 5% and 10% extracts was performed in both sexes

of F344 rats. Rats were randomly divided into 4 groups each consisting of 10

males and 10 females. No animals died during the period of administration.

There were no treatment-related changes in body weight gain or in

hematological or blood biochemistry values. Nor were any treatment-related

histopathological changes observed in the highest dose group. These findings

indicate that ingestion of 10% Perilla extracts in drinking water for

13-week does not cause any toxicological changes in rats.

*****SCIENCE*****

Wilson BJ Garst JE Linnabary RD Channell RB

Perilla ketone: a potent lung toxin from the mint plant, Perilla frutescens

Britton.

 

In: Science (1977 Aug 5) 197(4303):573-4

ISSN: 0036-8075

Perilla ketone, from the essential oil of Perilla frutescens, is a potent

pulmonary edemagenic agent for laboratory animals and livestock. This

finding would account for reported effects of the plant on grazing cattle.

The use of perilla in oriental foods and medicinal preparations suggests

possible hazards to human health as well.

*****VETERINARY AND HUMAN TOXICOLOGY*****

Kerr LA Johnson BJ Burrows GE

Intoxication of cattle by Perilla frutescens (purple mint).

 

In: Vet Hum Toxicol (1986 Oct) 28(5):412-6

Perilla frutescens or purple mint has been associated with atypical

interstitial pneumonia (AIP) for a quarter of a century. The amount and the

stage of the plant required to produce AIP have been much debated. A field

case in which catastrophic loses occurred in cattle ingesting hay containing

purple mint showed that more than the green plants have the capability of

producing atypical interstitial pneumonia. In this study, Perilla frutescens

produced atypical interstitial pneumonia in three of five calves to which it

was given. The amount required to produce the syndrome ranged from 2.3 to

15.5 kg of green seed stage mint and 11.8 kg of mint hay. The toxic

syndromes were similar in signs, but quite different in duration. Necropsy

examinations showed varied amounts of pulmonary emphysema and edema. Two of

the three affected animals' lungs histologically displayed a marked

proliferation of Type II pneumocytes. The flowering or seed parts of perilla

mint were found by high pressure liquid chromatographic analysis to contain

the highest concentration of perilla ketone, considered the most toxic agent

involved. This stage of plant growth was also shown to be the most toxic in

our calf feeding trial. Calves fed the flowering plant developed the toxic

syndrome while those fed earlier plants (collected before seed stage) and

late plants (collected after frost) remained asymptomatic. The time of year

when perilla reaches the seed stage often corresponds to periods when

pasture grass is scarce forcing cattle to consume plants not normally eaten

when ample desirable forage is available.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

 

 

Mechanism of Action

 

*****NEPHRON*****

Makino T Ono T Muso E Honda G Sasayama S

Suppressive effects of Perilla frutescens on spontaneous IgA nephropathy in

ddY mice.

In: Nephron (1999 Sep) 83(1):40-6

Perilla frutescens (perilla) is a common herb used in Japan for garnishing

raw seafood to protect the alimentary tract from inflammatory diseases. The

present study was performed to investigate whether or not perilla prevents

the development of lesions of IgA nephropathy in ddY mice which

spontaneously develop this disease. After orally administering perilla

extract to ddY mice from 8 to 42 weeks of age, the changes in urine, serum,

and kidneys were evaluated. Perilla extract significantly suppressed

proteinuria and glomerular IgA deposition (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05,

respectively). The decreased serum IgA concentration in perilla-treated mice

showed a significant correlation with glomerular IgA deposition. Such

findings suggest that perilla reduced glomerular IgA deposition via

suppression of IgA production in the serum. On the other hand, the nitric

oxide concentration in the serum of perilla-treated mice was significantly

higher than that observed in the controls. The addition of the sera of

perilla-treated mice to quiescent cultured murine mesangial cells resulted

in a cell proliferation which was less than in controls, suggesting that

perilla might either directly prevent mesangial cell proliferation or

prevent proliferation by regulating circulating cytokines. Such results

indicate that perilla should prevent IgA nephropathy, thus representing a

promising herbal medicine for glomerulonephritis.

Institutional address: Department of Pharmacognosy Graduate School of

Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University

Kyoto Japan.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Chinese Herbal Medicine, a voluntary organization of licensed healthcare

practitioners, matriculated students and postgraduate academics specializing

in Chinese Herbal Medicine, provides a variety of professional services,

including board approved online continuing education.

 

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, " Stephen Morrissey " <stephen@b...>

wrote:

>

Any opinions on a

> safer yet effective second choice for longer term use?

>

 

for tranforming damp and phlegm

Sha ren comes to mind, but bai dou kou, a relative, also called white

cardamon, has strong descending effect. this would probably be the

best choice. Hou po,magnolia bark, is also very safe orally and also

has strong descending effect. But bai dou kou would be best, because

it actually used in cooking. Bai dou kou can also be combined with huo

xiang/agastache, a member of the mint family that is extremely safe and

also my favorite empirical anti-nausea herb. And finally the more

obscure fo shou which is used for vomiting B

 

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I was under the general assumption that some chronic conditions would

require the long-term use of a herbal formula - of course generally

speaking. This is (I assume) acknowledging the fact that there will be

indicators along the way showing either the success or failure of the herbal

choice. This might lead to minor modifications, but as a whole the Rx might

stay the same for a good 6 months. If so, then ban xia is a issue, since it

is in so many fx.'s. Especially with one's dealing with damp/phlegm

pathology, which as we know can be the most stubborn and enduring, ban xia

is so often included. I also have heard a few teachers mentioning taking

lui jun-zi tang as 'digestive' maintenance - long term use.

 

-

 

 

Rory Kerr [rorykerr]

Sunday, February 18, 2001 9:28 AM

 

Re: ban xia

 

At 2:21 PM -0800 2/17/01,

>I was having a debate with a colleague about the use of ban xia. Ban

>xia is one of my favorite herbs for phlegm and damp in both hot and cold

>conditions. It is of course one of the chief ingredients in the tonic

>formula liu jun zi tang. I feel that banxia is a strong medicinal

>substance and should be used medicinally only. So I argued that liu

>junzi tang was appropriate to treat symptomatic conditions of qi xu

>damp, but not to be used indefinitely for spleen xu patients...Am I

>being overly cautious or is this correct?

--

 

My approach to your question is slightly different, but I agree with

your caution. The issue for me is not so much " should the patient

take ban xia for a long time? " but rather does the pattern call for

it? If I was giving liu jun zi tang it would be because the patient

had symptoms, eg regurgitation, that ban xia could correct; if the

patient's symptom was corrected, then there would no longer be a

reason to descend the qi, and I would continue with the herbs that

dry dampness (eg bai zhu, fuling). Continuing to descend the qi after

it has been normalized, perhaps for prevention, seems to me to be

risky, and I think ban xia always includes this function. If the

patient's symptoms were not corrected, say after a month, I would

assume that my diagnosis was faulty, and would try to find another

approach. The issue of ban xia's toxiticity is less important to me

as long as I feel I am using the herb appropriately in terms of

pattern, and if I am doing that, then usually there is no reason to

use it for extended periods.

 

Rory

 

 

Chinese Herbal Medicine, a voluntary organization of licensed healthcare

practitioners, matriculated students and postgraduate academics specializing

in Chinese Herbal Medicine, provides a variety of professional services,

including board approved online continuing education.

 

 

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--

 

My approach to your question is slightly different, but I agree with

your caution. The issue for me is not so much " should the patient

take ban xia for a long time? " but rather does the pattern call for

it? If I was giving liu jun zi tang it would be because the patient

had symptoms, eg regurgitation, that ban xia could correct; if the

patient's symptom was corrected, then there would no longer be a

reason to descend the qi, and I would continue with the herbs that

dry dampness (eg bai zhu, fuling). Continuing to descend the qi after

it has been normalized, perhaps for prevention, seems to me to be

risky, and I think ban xia always includes this function. If the

patient's symptoms were not corrected, say after a month, I would

assume that my diagnosis was faulty, and would try to find another

approach. The issue of ban xia's toxiticity is less important to me

as long as I feel I am using the herb appropriately in terms of

pattern, and if I am doing that, then usually there is no reason to

use it for extended periods.

 

Rory

 

I was under the general assumption that some chronic conditions would

require the long-term use of the 'same' herbal formula - of course,

generally speaking. This is (I assume) acknowledging the fact that there

will be indicators along the way showing either the success or failure of

the herbal choice. This might lead to minor modifications, but as a whole

the Rx might stay the same for a good 6 months. If so, this ban xia is a

issue, since it is in so many fx.'s. Especially when one is dealing with

damp/phlegm pathology, which as we know can be quite stubborn and enduring,

ban xia is so often included. I also have heard a few teachers mentioning

taking lui jun-zi tang as 'digestive' maintenance - long term use.

 

-

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At 2:21 PM -0800 2/17/01,

>I was having a debate with a colleague about the use of ban xia. Ban

>xia is one of my favorite herbs for phlegm and damp in both hot and cold

>conditions. It is of course one of the chief ingredients in the tonic

>formula liu jun zi tang. I feel that banxia is a strong medicinal

>substance and should be used medicinally only. So I argued that liu

>junzi tang was appropriate to treat symptomatic conditions of qi xu

>damp, but not to be used indefinitely for spleen xu patients...Am I

>being overly cautious or is this correct?

--

 

My approach to your question is slightly different, but I agree with

your caution. The issue for me is not so much " should the patient

take ban xia for a long time? " but rather does the pattern call for

it? If I was giving liu jun zi tang it would be because the patient

had symptoms, eg regurgitation, that ban xia could correct; if the

patient's symptom was corrected, then there would no longer be a

reason to descend the qi, and I would continue with the herbs that

dry dampness (eg bai zhu, fuling). Continuing to descend the qi after

it has been normalized, perhaps for prevention, seems to me to be

risky, and I think ban xia always includes this function. If the

patient's symptoms were not corrected, say after a month, I would

assume that my diagnosis was faulty, and would try to find another

approach. The issue of ban xia's toxiticity is less important to me

as long as I feel I am using the herb appropriately in terms of

pattern, and if I am doing that, then usually there is no reason to

use it for extended periods.

 

Rory

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banxia is decidedly not and I did not thinkit should be consumed like a food in this way. Am I being overlycautious or is this correct?-->>>>The question with ban xia is the low level toxicity and if it should be used for a long time. I do not think any short term use in congee or liuunzi is a problem.

Alon

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, Rory Kerr <rorykerr@w...> wrote:

 

 

> My approach to your question is slightly different, but I agree with

> your caution. The issue for me is not so much " should the patient

> take ban xia for a long time? " but rather does the pattern call for

> it? If I was giving liu jun zi tang it would be because the patient

> had symptoms, eg regurgitation, that ban xia could correct; if the

> patient's symptom was corrected, then there would no longer be a

> reason to descend the qi, and I would continue with the herbs that

> dry dampness (eg bai zhu, fuling). Continuing to descend the qi after

> it has been normalized, perhaps for prevention, seems to me to be

> risky, and I think ban xia always includes this function. If the

> patient's symptoms were not corrected, say after a month, I would

> assume that my diagnosis was faulty, and would try to find another

> approach. The issue of ban xia's toxiticity is less important to me

> as long as I feel I am using the herb appropriately in terms of

> pattern, and if I am doing that, then usually there is no reason to

> use it for extended periods.

 

I agree completely with your assessment. Not so much the toxicity, but

whether this decidedly medicinal herb would ever be indicated for

indefinite use if it had been prescribed properly inthe first place. I

say an unequivocal no. In fact, my herbs teacher felt that ban xia

should be discontinued if the tongue coat loses its thickness and

sliminess in the course of therapy or it will beginto injur fluids.

 

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I agree completely with your assessment. Not so much the toxicity, but whether this decidedly medicinal herb would ever be indicated for indefinite use if it had been prescribed properly inthe first place. I say an unequivocal no. In fact, my herbs teacher felt that ban xia should be discontinued if the tongue coat loses its thickness and sliminess in the course of therapy or it will beginto injur fluids.>>>>>>What about patient with clear symptoms signs of phlegm but a thin or no fur on tongue

Alon

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, <alonmarcus@w...> wrote:

 

In fact, my herbs teacher felt that ban xia

> should be discontinued if the tongue coat loses its thickness and

> sliminess in the course of therapy or it will beginto injur fluids.

 

> >>>>>>What about patient with clear symptoms signs of phlegm but a thin or no

fur on tongue

> Alon

 

I was referring to a case of digestive disorder, but I did not mention

that. Of course, ban xia can be used freely when phlegm is clearly

present regardless of tongue coat.

 

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> I agree completely with your assessment. Not so much the toxicity, but

> whether this decidedly medicinal herb would ever be indicated for

> indefinite use if it had been prescribed properly inthe first place. I

> say an unequivocal no. In fact, my herbs teacher felt that ban xia

> should be discontinued if the tongue coat loses its thickness and

> sliminess in the course of therapy or it will beginto injur fluids.

>

 

>

>

 

 

>The ban xia that we use is prepared- so the toxicity really isn't of great

concern. One concern w/ overuse of Banxia is how drying it is. I agree w/

your teacher that it should be discontinued when the tongue is not coated.

Banxia can often b overused in cough rx's too. In gen'l, I find it is far

more effective to use herbs that thin sticky phlegm, then to focus on drying

it. I rely on bei mu and gua lou for this. I ONLY use ban xia for coughs if

the phlegm is very easily expectorated.

 

Cara

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on 2/18/01 3:59 PM, Cara Frank at herbbabe wrote:

 

>

 

>

>> The ban xia that we use is prepared- so the toxicity really isn't of great

> concern. One concern w/ overuse of Banxia is how drying it is. I agree w/

> your teacher that it should be discontinued when the tongue is not coated.

> Banxia can often b overused in cough rx's too. In gen'l, I find it is far

> more effective to use herbs that thin sticky phlegm, then to focus on drying

> it. I rely on bei mu and gua lou for this. I ONLY use ban xia for coughs if

> the phlegm is very easily expectorated.

>

> Cara

>

 

Heiner Fruehauf and Chip Chace both translated articles (by Zhang Xi-chun

and another author whose citation I am having trouble finding) that

indicated that ban xia/pinellia has a slippery nature that helps supplement

both the spleen and kidney. By removing phlegm-damp, it helps restore the

normal spleen qi, and by disinhibiting dampness, helps supplement the

kidney. Zhang Xi-chun says that when the pungent nature of ban xia is used

to counteract phlegm or damp, the normal moistening actions of spleen and

kidney are benefited. To quote the Zhang Xi-chun article: . " Just as Cheng

Wuyi has put it: " Pinellia is pungent and dispersing; it moves water and

thus moistens kidney dryness. In other words, if dryness counteracts

dampness, water becomes uninhibited, and if pungent flavors transform

fluids, the dryness becomes moist " . He also says that it is used for

vacuity constipation in the elderly, therefore, it is a mistake to say that

it is excessively drying.

 

 

 

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, <@o...> wrote:

 

Especially with one's dealing with damp/phlegm

> pathology, which as we know can be the most stubborn and enduring, ban xia

> is so often included. I also have heard a few teachers mentioning taking

> lui jun-zi tang as 'digestive' maintenance - long term use.

>

 

Jason

 

I am sure you have heard this about Liu jun zi tang, but I question the

wisdom. Consider who your source is and ask yourself if they have

access to chinese sources or teachers or what they base this statement

upon - mere conjecture, personal speculation or something else. While

phlegm is indeed hard to resolve, there is still an end in sight if

lifestyle is adjusted. If not, one still needs to question the wisdom

of using liu jun zi (thus ban xia) indefinitely. Zev's point is well

taken - I actually provided him the translations he quotes - thanks for

the reminder about the true nature of ban xia. But his earlier point

is also still well taken, which is that ban xia is an inferior herb,

not an herb that nourishes life. Huang bai also benefits the kidneys

in certain cases, but also would not be indicated indefinitely.

 

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on 2/18/01 8:10 PM, at wrote:

 

> I am sure you have heard this about Liu jun zi tang, but I question the

> wisdom. Consider who your source is and ask yourself if they have

> access to chinese sources or teachers or what they base this statement

> upon - mere conjecture, personal speculation or something else. While

> phlegm is indeed hard to resolve, there is still an end in sight if

> lifestyle is adjusted. If not, one still needs to question the wisdom

> of using liu jun zi (thus ban xia) indefinitely. Zev's point is well

> taken - I actually provided him the translations he quotes - thanks for

> the reminder about the true nature of ban xia. But his earlier point

> is also still well taken, which is that ban xia is an inferior herb,

> not an herb that nourishes life. Huang bai also benefits the kidneys

> in certain cases, but also would not be indicated indefinitely.

>

 

>

 

 

Here is a quote from Wu Yan-Fang in Shanghai Journal of TCM, 1993, #6:28-30,

translated by Chip Chace:

 

" Ban xia's character is slippery and its flavor pungent and warm. It is

slippery like saliva and capable of moistening. It circulates dampness and

unblocks the bowels, disinhibits the orifices and drains urination. Its

pungency reaches the qi to be able to transform phlegm, and this pungency

facilitates its moistening. "

 

 

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>>

>

> Heiner Fruehauf and Chip Chace both translated articles (by Zhang Xi-chun

> and another author whose citation I am having trouble finding) that

> indicated that ban xia/pinellia has a slippery nature that helps supplement

> both the spleen and kidney. By removing phlegm-damp, it helps restore the

> normal spleen qi, and by disinhibiting dampness, helps supplement the

> kidney. Zhang Xi-chun says that when the pungent nature of ban xia is used

> to counteract phlegm or damp, the normal moistening actions of spleen and

> kidney are benefited. To quote the Zhang Xi-chun article: . " Just as Cheng

> Wuyi has put it: " Pinellia is pungent and dispersing; it moves water and

> thus moistens kidney dryness. In other words, if dryness counteracts

> dampness, water becomes uninhibited, and if pungent flavors transform

> fluids, the dryness becomes moist " . He also says that it is used for

> vacuity constipation in the elderly, therefore, it is a mistake to say that

> it is excessively drying.

>

>

>

>

 

>

 

My clinical experience tells me otherwise in the case of acute URI's. I

treat a lot of bronchitis and I get great results. I agree with Zhang

otherwise, and I do feel the a rx like LJZT can be used over an extended

periods of time very safely and to good effect. Dampness in the body is like

dampness in the basement. You have to keep running the dehumidifier- forever

and ever or it just gets damp again.

Cara

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<Heiner Fruehauf and Chip Chace both translated articles (by Zhang

Xi-chun

and another author whose citation I am having trouble finding) that

indicated that ban xia/pinellia has a slippery nature that helps

supplement

both the spleen and kidney. >

 

But if as Andy Ellis pointed out, most of our Ban Xia isn't pinellia,does

this still hold true?

 

Karen Vaughan

CreationsGarden

***************************************

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" I want to know if you have touched the center of your own sorrow, if you

have been opened by life's betrayals or have become shriveled and closed

from fear of further pain " .- Oriah Mountain Dreamer

 

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wrote:

 

> (Zhang Xi-chun says) if pungent flavors transform

fluids, the dryness becomes moist " .

 

How does that work? Pungent opens the lungs and that stimulates proper

dispersion and descension of the fluids? Does that suggest that

phlegm/damp can be transformed into fluids or is the Ban Xia's exiting

the lungs allowing them to regain their normal function of D & D?

 

Also, what is it about Ban Xia's properties that provides its ability to

dry the phlegm and damp which I think leads to all of its other actions

such as allowing the lung and stomach qi to descend.

 

Is it that the pungent flavor gets into the phlegm and breaks it up

owing to the outward movement of pungent energy?

 

--

Al Stone L.Ac.

<AlStone

http://www.BeyondWellBeing.com

 

Pain is inevitable, suffering is optional.

 

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on 2/19/01 10:12 AM, Karen S Vaughan at creationsgarden wrote:

 

> <Heiner Fruehauf and Chip Chace both translated articles (by Zhang

> Xi-chun

> and another author whose citation I am having trouble finding) that

> indicated that ban xia/pinellia has a slippery nature that helps

> supplement

> both the spleen and kidney. >

>

> But if as Andy Ellis pointed out, most of our Ban Xia isn't pinellia,does

> this still hold true?

 

It depends on the substitute. . . . .but, most likely not. I'll look into

it.

 

 

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