AW: ban xia

[Guest guest]

Stephen,

 

closest to ban xia would in my opinion certainly be tian nan xin, but since

this herb is also toxic, it would certainly not be a good second choice for

long time therapy.

An alternative could be using bai jie zi (mustard seeds) and/or lai fu zi

which both are used as food. Very helpful is the combination of bai jie zi,

lai fu zi and su zi as used in the classical formula san zi yang qin tang.

 

As to the toxicity of su zi, I found your articles very interesting. But

obviously it needs extremely high dosage (as one article talked of an amount

of 2.3 to 15.5 kg to cause interstitial pneumonia in cattle) which are of

course never beeing used for medical purposes.

Also it seems unclear wether these toxic effects come from the fruit (su zi

or zi su zi) the leafs (zi su ye) or the stems (zi su geng)

of the Perilla frutescens, for those animals supposedly eat the whole plant.

 

Peter Powalka

 

-----Ursprüngliche Nachricht-----

Von: Stephen Morrissey [stephen]

Gesendet: Sonntag, 18. Februar 2001 05:02

An:

Betreff: RE: ban xia

 

 

 

 

 

Saturday, February 17, 2001 3:21 PM

cha

ban xia

 

" banxia is decidedly not (food) and I did not think it should be consumed

like a food in this way. Am I being overly cautious or is this correct? "

 

New Message:

As you are probably aware, the raw herb is considered significantly more

toxic than the prepared, which is what most practitioners are getting,

prepared. Although the prepared form is also considered problematic. Raw

ginger seems to antedote as was alluded to by Dr Powalka. Any opinions on a

safer yet effective second choice for longer term use?

 

I have another safety question regarding perilla (su zi). There have been

some serious problems in farm animals that got into the perilla patch but I

have not seen or heard of any problems in humans. Any reports of problems

or cause for concern? In the 1990 Chinese Pharmacopea list of herbs with

safety considerations su zi is not on the list, and neither is guang fang

ji. The 13 week subchronic oral tox study (abstract below) also doesn't

indicate problems. However there peer reviewed data that confirms toxicity

in certain farm animals. I have copied some abstracts below for those

interested.

 

Stephen

 

Safety and Toxicity

**********JOURNAL OF NUTRITION******

Yun L Onodera H Takagi H Koujitani T Yasuhara K Mitsumori K Hirose M

[A 13-week subchronic oral toxicity study of Perilla extracts in F344 rats]

 

In: Kokuritsu Iyakuhin Shokuhin Eisei Kenkyusho Hokoku (1999)(117):104-7

A 13-week subchronic oral toxicity study of Perilla extracts in drinking

water containing 0%, 2.5%, 5% and 10% extracts was performed in both sexes

of F344 rats. Rats were randomly divided into 4 groups each consisting of 10

males and 10 females. No animals died during the period of administration.

There were no treatment-related changes in body weight gain or in

hematological or blood biochemistry values. Nor were any treatment-related

histopathological changes observed in the highest dose group. These findings

indicate that ingestion of 10% Perilla extracts in drinking water for

13-week does not cause any toxicological changes in rats.

*****SCIENCE*****

Wilson BJ Garst JE Linnabary RD Channell RB

Perilla ketone: a potent lung toxin from the mint plant, Perilla frutescens

Britton.

 

In: Science (1977 Aug 5) 197(4303):573-4

ISSN: 0036-8075

Perilla ketone, from the essential oil of Perilla frutescens, is a potent

pulmonary edemagenic agent for laboratory animals and livestock. This

finding would account for reported effects of the plant on grazing cattle.

The use of perilla in oriental foods and medicinal preparations suggests

possible hazards to human health as well.

*****VETERINARY AND HUMAN TOXICOLOGY*****

Kerr LA Johnson BJ Burrows GE

Intoxication of cattle by Perilla frutescens (purple mint).

 

In: Vet Hum Toxicol (1986 Oct) 28(5):412-6

Perilla frutescens or purple mint has been associated with atypical

interstitial pneumonia (AIP) for a quarter of a century. The amount and the

stage of the plant required to produce AIP have been much debated. A field

case in which catastrophic loses occurred in cattle ingesting hay containing

purple mint showed that more than the green plants have the capability of

producing atypical interstitial pneumonia. In this study, Perilla frutescens

produced atypical interstitial pneumonia in three of five calves to which it

was given. The amount required to produce the syndrome ranged from 2.3 to

15.5 kg of green seed stage mint and 11.8 kg of mint hay. The toxic

syndromes were similar in signs, but quite different in duration. Necropsy

examinations showed varied amounts of pulmonary emphysema and edema. Two of

the three affected animals' lungs histologically displayed a marked

proliferation of Type II pneumocytes. The flowering or seed parts of perilla

mint were found by high pressure liquid chromatographic analysis to contain

the highest concentration of perilla ketone, considered the most toxic agent

involved. This stage of plant growth was also shown to be the most toxic in

our calf feeding trial. Calves fed the flowering plant developed the toxic

syndrome while those fed earlier plants (collected before seed stage) and

late plants (collected after frost) remained asymptomatic. The time of year

when perilla reaches the seed stage often corresponds to periods when

pasture grass is scarce forcing cattle to consume plants not normally eaten

when ample desirable forage is available.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

 

 

Mechanism of Action

 

*****NEPHRON*****

Makino T Ono T Muso E Honda G Sasayama S

Suppressive effects of Perilla frutescens on spontaneous IgA nephropathy in

ddY mice.

In: Nephron (1999 Sep) 83(1):40-6

Perilla frutescens (perilla) is a common herb used in Japan for garnishing

raw seafood to protect the alimentary tract from inflammatory diseases. The

present study was performed to investigate whether or not perilla prevents

the development of lesions of IgA nephropathy in ddY mice which

spontaneously develop this disease. After orally administering perilla

extract to ddY mice from 8 to 42 weeks of age, the changes in urine, serum,

and kidneys were evaluated. Perilla extract significantly suppressed

proteinuria and glomerular IgA deposition (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05,

respectively). The decreased serum IgA concentration in perilla-treated mice

showed a significant correlation with glomerular IgA deposition. Such

findings suggest that perilla reduced glomerular IgA deposition via

suppression of IgA production in the serum. On the other hand, the nitric

oxide concentration in the serum of perilla-treated mice was significantly

higher than that observed in the controls. The addition of the sera of

perilla-treated mice to quiescent cultured murine mesangial cells resulted

in a cell proliferation which was less than in controls, suggesting that

perilla might either directly prevent mesangial cell proliferation or

prevent proliferation by regulating circulating cytokines. Such results

indicate that perilla should prevent IgA nephropathy, thus representing a

promising herbal medicine for glomerulonephritis.

Institutional address: Department of Pharmacognosy Graduate School of

Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate School of Medicine Kyoto University

Kyoto Japan.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Chinese Herbal Medicine, a voluntary organization of licensed healthcare

practitioners, matriculated students and postgraduate academics specializing

in Chinese Herbal Medicine, provides a variety of professional services,

including board approved online continuing education.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Chinese Herbal Medicine, a voluntary organization of licensed healthcare

practitioners, matriculated students and postgraduate academics specializing

in Chinese Herbal Medicine, provides a variety of professional services,

including board approved online continuing education.