Guest guest Posted January 8, 2002 Report Share Posted January 8, 2002 from http://www.ea.gov.au/biodiversity/trade- use/publications/booklet/contents.html Bear gall bladder and bile The active ingredient in bear bile - ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) - has been successfully synthesized in the USA, Japan, China and South Korea. The synthesized product is available in Japan under the name Urso, and in the USA as Actigall. The gall bladders of pigs and fish (especially carp) are recognized by the Chinese Association of Medicine and Philosophy as substitutes for bear gall bladder. In addition, at least 54 alternatives to bear bile exist in herbal form according to the Chinese Association of Medicine and Philosophy. Among these are: Chinese ivy stem, Xinjiand Peony root, Indian Mock Strawberry, Madagascar Periwinkle, Barbed Skullcap, Rhubarb, Chinese Lizardtail, Dandelion, Japanese Thistle, Chrysanthemum, Common Sage, Purple Flower, Holly Leaf and Hibiscus Leaf. Jim Ramholz Quote Link to comment Share on other sites More sharing options...
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