Recent Acupuncture Abstracts from CAB International.

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Hi All,

 

See these recent AP Abstracts from CAB International.

 

Best regards,

 

Phil

 

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Case report: effects of electroacupuncture on canine paresis

caused by organphosphorus intoxication. | Cheng-FengPang, Tsai-

YuTsai, Tsai-IDa, Wu-JuieTe, Cheng-WenChin, Fung-HangPoung. |

2003 | Taiwan Vet Journal; vol 29; no 2; pp 151-155 | Department of

Vet Med, College of Vet Med, National Chung-Hsing Univ, Taichung

City 402, Taiwan. | A 6-year-old mixed breed male dog with paresis

of right hind limb that might have been caused by a delayed

response of organphosphorus intoxication was presented. Clinical

examinations revealed negative response to postural reaction

including hopping and proprioceptive positioning. Neither was the

lower motor neuron reaction detected. Muscular atrophy and

significant hypalgesia were noticed. Radiography showed intact

osteo- joints- conformations. Treatments with a 3-week

prednisolone course was ineffective and then withdrawn. Thereafter,

electro-AP on Huan-Tiao (GB30), Yang-Ling (GB34), Hou-San- Li,

and Liu-Feng (Zhi-Jian) points were conducted for 30 sessions, in

varying day intervals for 2 months. This resulted in complete

recovery of paresis with normal gaits achieved. CONCLUSION: AP

can be an effective cure for canine paresis. © CAB International

 

Clinical observations on the variation of PAG, PLT and MPV in

patients of cerebral infarction treated by acupoint injection of red

peony root liquor and acupuncture. | Wang-ChenYin, Wang-

WenYing. | 2002 | Chinese Journal of Information on Traditional

Chinese Med; vol 9; no 6; pp 15-17 | Guangzhou Municipal Hospital

of TCM, Guangzhou 510130, China. | 120 patients were diagnosed

as suffering from cerebral infarction (CI) and randomly divided into

the treatment group and the control group. The treatment group had

36 males and 24 females. The control group had 33 males and 27

females. The normal health control group had 11 males and 9

females. In the treatment group, 8-10 AP points were selected and

treated by AP for 30min and then injected with 1ml of Chishao (red

peony root) liquor/AP point once/d. In the control group, 8-10 AP

points were selected and treated only by AP for 30min once/d. In

the normal health control group, no treatment was given. The

treatment course lasted for 10d and two treatment courses were

carried out with 1-2d in between. Before and after treatment,

observations were made on functional scores and the variation in

platelet aggregation (PAG), platelet number (PLT) and mean

platelet volume (MPV). Results showed that before treatment PAG

and MPV were significantly increased but PLT was significantly

decreased in CI patients compared with the normal subjects. After

treatment, both Chishao liquor and AP decreased the functional

scores, PAG and MPV, but increased PLT. However, the

combination of Chishao liquor with AP worked better than AP alone

(p <0.05). CONCLUSION: Combining Chishao liquor with AP is an

effective way to treat CI patients through enhancing PLT and

inhibiting PAG. © CAB International

 

Effect of acupuncture in the treatment of young pigs with induced

Escherichia coli diarrhoea. | Park-EunSung, Seona-jo, Seong-

JeKyung, Nam-TchiChou, Yang-IlSuk, Choi-MinCheol, Yoon-

YeoSung. | 2003 | Journal of Vet Science; vol 4; no 2; pp 125-128 |

Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Vet Med,

Seoul National Univ, San 56-1, Shilim-dong, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-

742, Korea Republic. | The effect of AP in treating young pigs with

induced enteropathogenic Escherichia coli diarrhoea was

histopathologically evaluated by routine haematoxylin and eosin

stain. Thirty-two 21-day-old pigs, weighing 4-5 kg, were used in the

study. The animals with diarrhoea were treated with either

traditional AP or enrofloxacin. In the group treated with traditional

AP, AP point GV01 (Jiaochao) was used. In the group treated with

antibiotics, enrofloxacin was injected intramuscularly. Ten pigs

were inoculated with E. coli, but were not treated and served as

nontreated control group. At postinoculation d6, all pigs of the AP

and antibiotic treated groups recovered from diarrhoea. In the

ascending and descending colons of the nontreated control group,

severe infiltration of inflammatory cells in the lamina propria was

observed, while in the fundic stomach, destruction of the fundic

gland architecture and necrotic lesions were observed. However, in

the AP and antibiotics treated groups, the mucosae of the colon

and stomach were relatively similar to those of the normal group.

CONCLUSION: AP treatment at GV01 is effective in controlling

induced E. coli diarrhoea in pigs at its early stage. © CAB

International

 

Effect of apitherapy in piglets with preweaning diarrhea. | Choi-

SeokHwa, Cho-SeongKoo, Kang-SeongSoo, Bae-ChunSik, Bai-

YoungHoon, Lee-SeungHoo, Pak-SokCheon. | 2003 | American

Journal of Chinese Med; vol 31; no 2; pp 321-326 | College of Vet

Med, Research Institute of Vet Med, Chungbuk National Univ,

Cheongju, 361-763, Korea Republic. | This study was designed to

examine the therapeutic effect of honey bee (Apis mellifera) venom

in piglets with bacterial diarrhoea. Comparison between bee venom-

and drug-treated groups was the main concern in the present

study. Preweaning piglets were assigned to treated and non-

treated control groups. In the treated group, 47 piglets were treated

with venom from worker honey bees applied to AP points once/d for

3d consecutively. Two AP points, GV01 (Jiao-chao) and ST25 (Hai-

men), were selected for apitherapy. In the control group, 44 piglets

were injected i/m with a standard dose of antibacterial drug, colistin

sulfate (300 000 IU/kg of body weight), and an antidiarrhoeal drug

(berberine, 2ml/kg) once/d for 3d consecutively. At posttreatment,

91% of the control piglets and 94% of piglets in the treated group

recovered from bacterial diarrhoea. Bee AP therapy (apitherapy) did

not show any side effects such as allergy, intoxication,

haemorrhage, or infection. CONCLUSION: Bee venom therapy at

ST25 and GV01 is effective in controlling bacterial diarrhoea in

preweaning piglets. © CAB International

 

Effect of canine electroacupuncture anaesthesia on changes of vital

signs and blood gas values. | Lim-YeonSoo, Song-KunHo, You-

MyungJo, Seo-JeeMin, Kim-MyungChul, Kim-DuckHwan. | 2003 |

Korean Journal of Vet Research; vol 43; no 1; pp 157-163 | College

of Vet Med, Chungnam National Univ, Daejeon 305-764, Korea

Republic. | The present study was performed to determine the

effect of canine EAP (EA) anaesthesia on vital signs and blood gas

values. Groups were divided into experimental (EA) and control

(ketamine) groups. The vital signs (body temperature, respiration

rate and pulse) and blood gas values (pH, pCO2 and pO2) of

venous and arterial blood were determined. Body temperatures of

EA group were significantly higher than those of ketamine group at

15, 30, 45 and 60min (P<0.05) after anaesthesia. The respiration

rates of EA group were higher than those of ketamine group,

however, significant differences were not observed between both

groups. The pulse of EA group was significantly higher than those

of ketamine group at 5 (P<0.05), 10 (P<0.01), 15 and 30min

(P<0.05) after anaesthesia. The arterial and venous blood pHs of

ketamine group were slightly higher than those of EA group,

however, no significant differences were found between both

groups. Significant differences were not observed between both

groups in the arterial and venous blood pCO2. The arterial blood

pO2 of EA group was significantly higher than those of ketamine

group at 5min (P<0.05) after anaesthesia. No significant differences

were observed between both groups in the venous blood pO2.

CONCLUSION: The changes of vital signs and blood gas values of

EA group are similar to those of ketamine group with the exception

of changes in the body temperature, pulse and arterial blood pO2.

© CAB International

 

Effects of corticosteroid and electroacupuncture on experimental

spinal cord injury in dogs. | Yang-JungWhan, Jeong-SeongMok,

Seo-KangMoon, Nam-TchiChou. | 2003 | Journal of Vet Science;

vol 4; no 1; pp 97-101 | College of Vet Med, Seoul National Univ,

San 56-1 Shillim 9-dong, Kwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea

Republic. | This study investigated the effects of EAP,

corticosteroid, and combination of two treatments on ambulatory

paresis due to spinal cord injury in dogs by comparing therapeutic

effects of EAP and corticosteroid. Spinal cord injury was induced in

twenty healthy dogs (2.5-7 kg and 2-4 years) by foreign body

insertion which compressed about 25% of spinal cord. There was

no conscious proprioception, no extensor postural thrust, and

ambulatory. Dogs were divided into four treatment groups: (S)

corticosteroid; (A) EAP; (SA) corticosteroid PLUS EAP; ©

control. Neurological examination was performed daily to evaluate

spinal cord dysfunction until motor functions returned to normal.

Somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) were measured for

objective and accurate evaluations. The latency in measured

potentials was converted into the velocity for the evaluation of

spinal cord dysfunctions. Pain perceptions were normal from pre-

operation to 5wk after operation. Recovery days of conscious

proprioception in groups S, A, SA, and C were 21.2+/-8.5d, 19.8+/-

4.3d, 8.2+/-2.6d, and 46.6+/-3.7d, respectively. Recovery days of

extensor postural thrust in groups S, A, SA, and C were 12.8+/-

6.8d, 13.8+/-4.8d, 5.4+/-1.8d, and 38.2+/-4.2d, respectively. There

were no significant differences between group S and group A.

However, recovery days of group SA was significantly shorter than

that of other groups and that of group C was significantly delayed

(P<0.05). Conduction velocities of each group were significantly

decreased after induction of spinal cord injury on SEPs (P<0.05)

and they showed a tendency to return to normal when motor

functions were recovered. CONCLUSION: EAP combined with

corticosteroid was the most therapeutically effective for ambulatory

paresis due to spinal cord injury in dogs. © CAB International

 

Effects of traditional acupuncture on colonic motility in the rat with

colitis. | Kim-HeeYoung, Shim-InSop, Lee-HyeJung, Jeong-

SeongMok, Kim-SunYoung, Nam-TchiChou. | 2003 | Journal of Vet

Clinics; vol 20; no 1; pp 22-25 | Graduate School of East-West

Medical Science, Kyung Hee Univ, Korea Republic. | The aims of

this study were to investigate the efficacy of AP on myoelectrical

activity of inflamed or normal colon in the rat, and whether the

effect of AP on colonic motility was related to endogenous opioids.

22 male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 3 groups.

Experimental groups were normal group (n=8), colitis group (n =6),

and naloxone group (n=8). Stainless steel bipolar electrodes were

implanted on the serosal layer of the proximal colon of rats. Colitis

was induced 7d after electrode implantation using trinitrobenzene

sulfonic acid (TNBS) and ethanol. Electromyograms (EMG) were

recorded by using polygraph 11d after implantation of electrodes. In

normal group, normal colonic motility was recorded for 60min, and

then traditional AP at GV01 was applied for 20min and EMG was

recorded for further 60min in untreated rats. In colitis group, after

recording of basal colonic motility for 60min, 20min of AP treatment

and further EMG recording were performed for 60min in TNBS

/ethanol treated rats. In naloxone group, following subcutaneous

administration of naloxone (3mg/kg), recording of EMG and AP

treatment were performed in TNBS/ethanol treated rats. In the

normal group, AP at GV01 did not induce significant changes in

colonic motility. TNBS/ethanol treatment had no significant effect

on the frequency of colonic motility. In colitis group, GV01 AP

significantly decreased colonic motility (P<0.01). In naloxone

group, after injection of naloxone, AP at GV01 did not change

colonic motility in TNBS/ethanol treated rats. On the inflamed

colon, naloxone blocked the effect of AP. CONCLUSION:

Endogenous opioids released by AP at GV01 decreased the

motility of inflamed colon in rats, but not the normal colon. © CAB

International

 

Efficacy of acupuncture sites for delivery of agents to control estrus

and ovulation in mares. | Suhling-K-L, Gentry-P-C, Frederick-P-F,

Dawson-G-R, Arns-M-J. | 2003 | The Professional Animal Scientist;

vol 19; no 4; pp 317-320 | Department of Animal Sciences, Univ of

Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA. | This study was conducted to

determine if prostaglandin F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha ), when

administered on d6 post-ovulation in a low dose in the lumbosacral

space (LSS), would induce luteolysis while minimizing side effects

usually associated with intramuscular administration of this

analogue in mares. The second objective was to determine if

human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) injected into the LSS would

reduce time to ovulation in the mare. Ten normally cycling mares

served as their own controls in a crossover design, receiving

intramuscular injections of PGF2 alpha (10mg), intravenous

injections of HCG (3000 IU) and injections of PGF and HCG at the

AP site (2mg and 3000 IU, respectively), as well as sham

injections of saline. Beginning 12 h after injection, mean

progesterone concentrations were less (P<0.05) in PGF2 alpha -

treated mares than in mares receiving saline. Moreover,

progesterone concentrations were similar (P<0.001) between both

groups of mares receiving PGF2 alpha . In addition, there was no

difference (P>0.1) between mares receiving the AP injection of

PGF2 alpha and the intramuscular injection in days to ovulation.

However, duration and severity of side effects associated with

PGF2 alpha administration dramatically decreased (P<0.01) when

PGF2 alpha was delivered to the AP site compared to

intramuscular delivery. The time to ovulation was similar (P>0.1) for

mares receiving shams or HCG. CONCLUSION: Delivery of 2mg of

PGF2 alpha in the LSS induces luteolysis and reduces the

sweating and muscle cramping associated with PGF2 alpha

administration. There was no advantage to the delivery of HCG in

the LSS. © CAB International

 

Electroacupuncture ameliorates experimental colitis induced by

acetic acid in rat. | Kang-JeoungWoo, Kim-TaeWan, La-JunHo,

Sung-TaeSik, Kim-HyunJu, Kwon-YoungBae, Kim-JeumYong,

Yang-IlSuk. | 2004 | Journal of Vet Science; vol 5; no 3; pp 189-195

| Department of Physiology, College of Vet Med, Seoul National

Univ, Seoul 151-742, Korea Republic. | The effect of electro-AP

(EA) on experimental colitis was investigated in Sprague-Dawley

rats. Colitis was induced by intracolonic instillation of 4% acetic

acid. EA (2 Hz, 0.05 ms, 2 V for 20min) was applied to bilateral

Hoku (LI04) and Zusanli (ST36) at 12 and 36 h after induction of

colitis. EA-treatment significantly reduced the macroscopic

damage and the myeloperoxidase activity of colonic samples at 3d

post-induction of colitis. Colitic colon showed a decreased in vitro

motility. However, colonic motility of EA-treated group was not

significantly different from that of normal group. The

antiinflammatory effect of EA was not inhibited by a glucocorticoid

receptor antagonist, RU-486, but suppressed by a beta -

adrenoceptor antagonist, propranolol. CONCLUSION: EA-

treatment has a beneficial effect on colitis, and its antiinflammatory

effect is mediated by beta -adrenoceptor activation but not by

endogenous glucocorticoid-dependent mechanism. © CAB

International

 

Electroacupuncture analgesia for surgery in cattle. | Kim-

DuckHwan, Cho-SungHwan, Song-KunHo, Lee-SangEun, Lee-

SeongHo, Kwon-GeonOh, Kim-InBong, Kim-YoungChan, Cho-

JinHaeng, Kwon-YoungYi, Kim-JaeWung. | 2004 | American

Journal of Chinese Med; vol 32; no 1; pp 131-140 | Laboratory of

Vet Internal Med, College of Vet Med, Chungnam National Univ,

Daejeon 305-764, Korea Republic. | The proper analgesic method

by electro-AP (EA) for surgery and the analgesic effect of dorsal

and lumbar AP points in addition to the combination with dorsal

and lumbar AP points, were investigated in the present study. Four

Korean native cattle (2 males and 2 females) and 24 Holstein-

Friesian cattle (all females) were used. The animals were divided

into 4 groups according to used AP points: dorsal AP point group

(Tian Ping (GV20) and Bai Hui (GV05); 7 cattle), lumbar AP point

group (Yao Pang 1 (BL21), Yao Pang 2 (BL23), Yao Pang 3 (BL24)

and Yao Pang 4 (BL25); 5 cattle), dorsal-lumbar AP point group

(Yao Pang 1 (BL21), Yao Pang 2 (BL23), Yao Pang 3 (BL24) and

Bai Hui (GV05); 8 cattle) and a control group (no AP points, the

last intercostal space and the femoral area; 3 cattle). The AP

points were stimulated with currents of 2-6 V (30 Hz) in the dorsal

AP point group, 0.5-2.0 V (30 Hz) in the lumbar AP point group and

0.3-2.5 V (30 Hz) in the dorsal-lumbar AP point group. It was

shown that recumbency time was 10 seconds to 1min (except in 1

case) and induction time of analgesia was approximately 1-6min in

the dorsal AP point group. Analgesic effect was systemic,

including the extremities in the dorsal AP point group. During EA,

consciousness of the cattle was evident and the blepharo-reaction

was still present in the dorsal AP point group. During the surgery,

grades of analgesic effect were 6 excellent (6/7, 87.5%) and 1 good

(1/7, 14.3%). In addition, induction time for analgesia was about

10min in both lumbar and dorsal-lumbar AP point groups.

Analgesic areas were found in abdominal areas from the last

intercostal spaces to the femoral areas, except in the lower

abdomen in the lumbar and lumbar-dorsal AP point groups.

Consciousness was evident and standing position was maintained

during EA stimulation compared to the dorsal excellent (1/5,

20.0%), 3 good (3/5, 60.0%) and 1 poor (1/5, 20.0%) in the lumbar

AP point group. Additionally, grades of analgesic effect were 4

excellent (4/8, 50.0%), 3 good (3/8, 37.5%) and 1 poor (1/8,

12.5%). On the other hand, pain was present and analgesia was

not accomplished under EA stimulation in the control group. In

CONCLUSION, analgesia by EA is effective with decreasing order

of dorsal AP point > dorsal-lumbar AP point > lumbar AP point

among groups. CONCLUSION: The use of dorsal AP points might

be useful for operations with animals in a recumbent position, while

lumbar and dorsal-lumbar AP points might be proper for operations

where the cattle are in standing position. © CAB International

 

Electroacupuncture and moxibustion for correction of abomasal

displacement in dairy cattle. | Jang-KwangHo, Lee-JooMyoung,

Nam-TchiChou. | 2003 | Journal of Vet Science; vol 4; no 1; pp 93-

95 | College of Vet Med, Kyungpook National Univ, 1370 Sanguck-

dong, Buk-gu, Daegu 702-701, Korea Republic. | This study was

performed to investigate the therapeutic effect of EAP and

moxibustion on abomasal displacement in dairy cattle. After AP

needles were inserted bilaterally into the AP points, Pi yu, Wei yu

and Guan yuan yu, electronic stimulation (5 Hz and 10 V, 20min)

was applied once/d for 3d consecutively. Modified moxa patch was

also applied at the same AP points for 3d consecutively. Ten of

twelve cows with abomasal displacement recovered by EAP and

moxibustion, but two were treated with paramedian abomasopexy.

CONCLUSION: EAP and moxibustion may be convenient, safe and

economical therapeutic alternatives to surgical procedures for

abomasal displacement in dairy cattle. © CAB International

 

Glucocorticoid-induced laminitis with hepatopathy in a

Thoroughbred filly. | Ryu-SeungHo, Kim-ByungSun, Lee-

ChangWoo, Yoon-JungHee, Lee-Y-L. | 2004 | Journal of Vet

Science; vol 5; no 3; pp 271-274 | Equine Hospital, Korea Racing

Association, Kwachon 427-070, Korea Republic. | A 3-year-old

Thoroughbred filly was referred to the Equine Hospital, Korea

Racing Association with a history of haematuria, inappetence,

weight loss and depression. 25d prior to admission, the horse was

treated for right carpal lameness with 20mg triamcinolone

acetonide /day, im, for 10d consecutively by a local veterinarian.

Clinical and laboratory observations included vaginal hyperaemia,

inflammation of the bladder wall, neutrophilia, lymphopenia,

polyuria, polydipsia and laminitis. High activities of aspartate

transaminase and gamma-glutamyltransferase and high

concentration of total bilirubin indicated hepatopathy. Further

haematology, serum biochemistry and urinalysis did not reveal any

abnormalities. Medical history, physical and clinicopathological

findings suggest that the laminitis and hepatopathy in this horse

was most likely induced by repeated administration of exogenous

corticosteroid. Combined stimulation of kidney related AP points,

lumbar related AP points and associate AP points at 5 Hz, 1-2 V,

for 40min was significant in treating haematuria. However, guarded

prognosis of treating laminitis undermined the benefit of

improvement of haematuria following EAP stimulation.

CONCLUSION: Horses under steroids may exhibit laminitis and

steroid hepatopathy. Early recognition and good management of

laminitis are important in the limitation of complications. © CAB

International

 

Histomorphological evaluation of acupuncture therapy on radial

fracture healing in dog. | Sharifi-D, Bakhtiari-J, Mardjanmehr-S-H,

Ranjbari-A, Fattahian-H-R. | 2003 | Journal of the Faculty of Vet

Med, Univ of Tehran; vol 58; no 1; pp 73-77 | Department of Clinical

Sciences, Faculty of Vet Med, Univ of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. | This

randomized experimental study was performed to evaluate the AP

therapeutic regimens on histomorphological changes of radial bone

healing in 6 clinically normal male crossbred dogs, 25.0+/-8.4-

months-old, weighing 24.6+/-4.4. All dogs were anaesthetized with

5% thiopentone sodium and maintained at 1% halothane. A 1 cm

bone fragment was removed from the right midshaft of the radial

bone and plaster of paris cast was used. AP treatment was given

at 10min/d for 2wk in the experimental group (3 animals) by

locating AP points LI11, LI04; ST36 and TH05, where as no

treatment was given to the control group (3 animals) until the end of

the 90d observation period. Two callus samples were collected

from each case for histomorphological study and were stained with

H and E. It was observed that there were more hyaline cartilage

with connective tissue in the control group whereas there were

more bony tissues and trabeculae formation with Haversian canal

in condensed form in the experimental animals. AP therapeutic

regimens for 2wk period had a positive and stimulatory effect on

callus formation resulting to comparatively more bony tissues with

trabeculae formation and with least fibrocartilage in the

experimental animals. CONCLUSION: AP therapy is quite effective

in bone healing and faster remodelling of callus. © CAB

International

 

Laser acupuncture in animal husbandry. | Baranok-M-N. | 2003 |

Belorusskoe Sel'skoe Khozyaistvo; no 12; pp 28-29; | Belorussian

Livestock Research Institute, 11 Frunze St, Zhodino, Minsk Region

222160, Belarus. | Effect of stimulation of biologically active points

in milking cows using laser irradiation was studied in Belarus.

Three groups of cows were subjected to irradiation intensities of 4,

8 and 12 mW for 10min. One control group was used. The cows

were treated for 10d prior to calving. Biologically active zones on

udder were stimulated and foremilk obtained from the cows

analysed. Maximum improvement of milk properties was observed

in the group treated with 12 mW irradiation. In these cows milk

density was 1.067 g/cm3, showing 11 and 55.8% increases in total

protein and immunoglobulin levels respectively, 9.1% higher

acidity, 3.9% more milk fat and 9.3% more casein. The calves

obtained from control and 4 mW groups showed 5 and 2 cases of

disease, respectively, whereas calves from the other 2 groups were

clinically healthy. CONCLUSION: Use of 12 mW laser irradiation

for 10min is recommended to improve foremilk properties. © CAB

International

 

Modulation of Corydalis tuber on glycine-induced ion current in

acutely dissociated rat periaqueductal gray neurons. | Cheong-

ByungShik, Choi-DoYoung, Cho-NamHun, Lee-JaeDong, Chang-

Hyun Kyung, Shin-MinChul, Shin-MalSoon, Kim-ChangJu. | 2004 |

Biological and Pharmaceutical Bulletin; vol 27; no 8; pp 1207-1211

| Department of AP and Moxibustion, College of Oriental Med,

Kyung Hee Univ, #1 Hoigi-dong, Dongdaemoon-gu, Seoul 130-701,

Korea Republic. | Traditionally, Yanhusuo (Corydalis root tuber) has

been used to control pain including headache, stomachache, and

neuralgia. In the present study, modulation of the Yanhusuo on

glycine-activated ion current in the acutely dissociated

periaqueductal gray (PAG) neurons was studied by a nystatin-

perforated patch-clamp technique. High concentrations of

Yanhusuo elicited ion current, which was suppressed by

strychnine application, while low concentrations of Yanhusuo

reduced glycine-induced ion current in the PAG neurons. Inhibitory

action of Yanhusuo on glycine-activated ion current was partially

abolished by treatment with naltrexone, a non-selective opioid

antagonist. Application of N-methylmalemide (NEM), a sulfhydryl

alkylating agent, also partially abolished the inhibitory action of

Yanhusuo on glycine-activated ion current in the PAG neurons.

CONCLUSION: The inhibitory effect of Yanhusuo on glycine-

activated ion current in the PAG neurons is one of the analgesic

mechanisms of the Yanhusuo. © CAB International

 

Radiographic and ultrasonographic evaluation of gastric emptying

time of dogs after acupunctural stimulation. | Choi-Mincheol, Chang-

Jinhwa, Lee-Kichang, Nam-Tchichou, Yang-Ilsuk, Yoon-Yeosung,

Yoon-Junghee. | 2003 | Journal of Vet Clinics; vol 20; no 1; pp 49-

51 | College of Vet Med, Seoul National Univ, Seoul, Korea

Republic. | Dogs were administered barium (3% w/v) and gastric

emptying time (GET) was measured with radiography and

ultrasonography using Bolondi's method. Electroacupunctral

stimulation (15 MHz, continuous wave) was applied for 20min to

AP points CV12, PC06, ST36, and BL21, and then GET was

measured again. In the control group, normal GET was 70-85min

as measured by ultrasonography and 110-130min as measured by

radiography. CONCLUSION: Stimulation at AP points CV12,

PC06, and ST36 had no significant effect on gastric motility,

whereas stimulation at BL21 had a significant effect on GET as

measured by ultrasonography (P<0.05) and radiography (P<0.01).

© CAB International

 

Review of complementary and alternative medicine in treatment of

ocular allergies. | Bielory-L, Heimall-J. | 2003 | Current Opinion in

Allergy and Clinical Immunology; vol 3; no 5; pp 395-399 |

Department of Med, UMDNJ - New Jersey Medical School, 90

Bergen Street, DOC Suite 4700, Newark, NJ 07103, USA. |

Purpose of review: Ocular allergy is a common complaint. Many

allergy sufferers may choose to use complementary and alternative

medicine in treating these symptoms. In this review major

complementary and alternative medicine modalities including

herbal therapies, AP, homeopathy, alternative immunotherapy and

behavior modification are assessed for evidence of their

effectiveness in treating ocular allergy symptoms. Recent findings:

Certain herbs including Euphrasia officinalis, Petasites hybridus

and Argemone mexicana have been evaluated in control studies in

treating ocular allergy. Honey is no more effective than placebo in

treating ocular allergy. AP used regularly has demonstrated some

positive trends in ocular allergy sufferers. Homeopathy has shown

conflicting results in treating ocular allergy, while alternative forms

of immunotherapy have been shown to develop immunologic

tolerogenic effects in the control of the condition. Summary:

Several forms of complementary and alternative medicine have

been studied for their effectiveness in treatment of ocular allergy

symptoms. CONCLUSION: Further research is needed to assess

mechanisms of action and to establish practice guidelines for the

use of these modalities. © CAB International

 

The effect of conservative therapy on thoracolumbar intervertebral

disc disease on 15 dogs. | Han-HyunJung, Jeong-SoonWuk, Kim-

JoonYoung, Jeong-ManBok, Kim-JeSun. | 2003 | Journal of Vet

Clinics; vol 20; no 1; pp 52-58 | Department of Vet Surgery, College

of Vet Med, Kon-kuk Univ, Seoul, 142-701, Korea Republic. | A

total of 15 dogs with clinical signs of paraparesis, paraplegia, and

urinary dysfunction were referred to the Vet Medical Teaching

Hospital, College of Vet Med, Konkuk Univ in Korea. According to

physical and neurological examinations, survey radiography, and

myelography, these patients were diagnosed to be suffering from

thoracolumbar intervertebral disc disease. All animals were treated

with medicines (prednisolone, carprofen, and antibiotics), AP (Ji

Zhong, Bai Hui, Zhong Shu, Pang Guang Shu, Zu San Li, and Huan

Tiao), and physical therapy (hydrotherapy, thermotherapy,

massage, manipulation, and swimming). 12 patients recovered

from neurological deficits within 21d after the onset of treatment.

However, 3 dogs were unresolved, which were found to have other

spinal cord diseases concomitantly. All of patients showed normal

urination after treatment. Until 21 months after treatment, there was

no recurrence in 12 patients. CONCLUSION: Conservative therapy

was effective to manage paraparesis, paraplegia, and urinary

dysfunction caused by intervertebral disc disease. © CAB

International

 

The measurements of the skin electrical conductivity in

acupuncture points affecting reproduction in female polar foxes

during the dioestrus period. | Sciesinski-K. | 2003 | Annals of

Warsaw Agricultural Univ, Animal Science; no 41; pp 39-44 |

Katedra Szczegolowej Hodowli Zwierzat SGGW, 02-786

Warszawa, ul Ciszewskiego 8, Poland. | The aim of this

investigation was to localize the chosen AP points stimulated

during the treatment of ovarian diseases, parturition and

postpartum disorders and to measure the electrical conductivity

(electric potentials in mkA) in the localized AP points in female

polar foxes in the dioestrus period. A total of 15 polar foxes were

used in this study. The AP points affecting reproduction in female

polar foxes could be identified and localized in the bladder Channel

(BL22, BL23, BL25, BL31, BL32) and the main back regulator

(Governing Vessel; GV02, GV03, GV04). The mean range of values

of the skin electrical conductivity in the chosen AP points affecting

reproduction during the dioestrus period was 57.06-62.8 mkA on

the bladder Channel (BL22, BL23, BL25, BL31, BL32) and 55.6-

59.07 mkA on the GV (GV02, GV03, GV04). The skin electrical

conductivity in the points located on the large intestine Channel

(LI04 and LI11; affecting the immune system) was 53.99-56.4 mk A

and indicated the good health state of the animals. © CAB

International

 

The reverse effects by electroacupunture on Jen Chung (GV26) in

dogs. | Kim-KyoungIn, Yun-YoungMin, Lee-Joomyoung, Kang-

TaeYoung, Kim-Geun Hyoung, Cheong-Jongtae, Lee-KyoungKap. |

2003 | Journal of Vet Clinics; vol 20; no 3; pp 312-316 | Department

of Vet Med, Cheju National Univ, Jeju, 690-756, Korea Republic. |

This study investigated the reverse effects of Jen Chung (Ren

Zhong, Shui Gou, GV26) EAP after tiletamime-zolazepam

administration in dogs. Seven healthy dogs ranging in weigh from

3.5 to 6.5 kg were used in this experiment. The treatment group

was electrostimulated to Jen Chung (+) and Su Liao (Shan Gen,

GV25, -) for 20min after 10min of anaesthesia. The control group I

was anaesthetized with tiletamine-zolazepam. The control group II

was electrostimulated to nonAP point for 20min after 10min of

anaesthesia. Various parameters were evaluated including the

onset and recovery time of anaesthesia, heart rates, body

temperature, respiratory rates and electrocardiogram. The recovery

time of the treatment group was shorter than that of the control

group I and the control group II (P<0.05). The treatment group had

an increase in the heart rate from 20-30min after administration of

tiletamime-zolazepam compared to the control group I and control

group II (P<0.05). The decrease in the body temperature was

observed in all groups, but the body temperature of the treatment

group was higher than the body temperature of the other groups.

Respiratory rates gradually increased in all groups, but the

treatment group had an increase in the respiratory rates from 20-

30min after administration of tiletamime-zolazepam compared to

the other groups. In the three groups, there was no specific finding

on the electrocardiogram. CONCLUSION: EAP on Jen Chung in

dogs was effective to reverse the effects the tiletamine-zolazepam

anesthesia 20min after induction. © CAB International

 

The therapeutic effect of aquapuncture on bovine foot rot. | Ryu-

JaeHong, Song-KunHo, Kim-DuckHwan, Kim-MyungCheol, Shin-

SangTae, Cho-SungWhan. | 2002 | Journal of Vet Clinics; vol 19;

no 2; pp 115-120 | College of Vet Med, Chungnam National Univ,

Daejeon 305-764, Korea Republic. | To clarify the therapeutic effect

of AP therapy on bovine foot rot, the experimental cattle were

divided into control (conventional treatment), AP, and combined

treatment groups. Each group was composed of 6 Holstein cows

with bovine foot rot. The change in grade of lameness, total

leukocyte counts, N/L ratio, mean recovery rates (days), and

histopathological changes of interdigital tissue before and after

treatment were evaluated. The grade of lameness was decreased

by treatment in each group, in the order of combined > AP >

control group. Total peripheral blood leukocyte counts had a

tendency to decrease. Significances were detected on d9 (P<0.05)

in control, on d6 (P<0.01) in AP group, and on d3 (P<0.05) and d6

(P<0.05) in the combined group. Moreover, significances were

detected on d3 and d6 in AP and on d3 in combined group

compared to control. N/L ratio was decreased by therapy in each

group, in the order of combined > AP > control group.

Significances were detected on d6 (P<0.01) between AP and

combined groups. The mean recovery rates (days) were rapid, in

the order of combined > AP > control group. In histopathological

findings of interdigital tissue, inflammation and haemorrhage were

not observed after treatment in each group. CONCLUSION: AP

and combined therapy are very effective on treatment of bovine foot

rot. © CAB International

 

The variability of TCM pattern diagnosis and herbal prescription on

rheumatoid arthritis patients. | Zhang-G-G, Bausell-B, Lao-L-X, Lee-

W-L, Handwerger-B, Berman-B. | 2004 | Alternative Therapies in

Health and Med; vol 10; no 1; pp 58-63 | Center For Integrative

Med, School of Med, Univ of Maryland Baltimore, Baltimore,

Maryland, USA. | The consistency of diagnosis made among

Traditional Chinese Med (TCM) practitioners and the relationship

between TCM diagnosis and Chinese herbal prescription have not

been adequately examined. Objective. To investigate the degree of

consistency with which TCM diagnoses and herbal prescriptions

can be made by practitioners examining rheumatoid arthritis (RA)

patients. To survey TCM diagnostic patterns and to examine the

correlation between herbal prescriptions and these diagnoses for a

sample of RA patients. Design. A prospective survey. Setting.

General Clinical Research Centre, Univ of Maryland Hospital

System, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. Patients. Rheumatoid arthritis

patients. Practitioners. Licensed acupuncturists with a minimum of

5 years licensure and education in Chinese herbs. Methods. Three

TCM practitioners examined the same 39 RA patients separately,

following the traditional " Four Diagnostic Methods. " Patients filled

out a questionnaire to serve as the data for the " Inquiry "

component. They then underwent a physical examination, including

the tongue and pulse, conducted by each of the practitioners.

Based upon the examination results, each practitioner provided

both a TCM diagnosis and a herbal prescription. These

diagnoses/prescriptions were then examined with respect to the

rate of agreement among the 3

practitioners. Results. The average agreement with respect to the TCM diagnoses

among the 3 pairs of TCM practitioners was 28.2% (25.6 to 33.3% with kappas

ranging from 0.23 to 0.30). The degree to which the herbal prescriptions agreed

with textbook recommended practice of each TCM diagnosis was 93.2% (range =87.2

to 100%).

CONCLUSION

.. The total agreement on TCM diagnosis on RA patients among 3 TCM practitioners

was low. When less stringent, but theoretically justifiable, criteria were

employed, greater consensus was obtained among the 3 practitioners.

CONCLUSION

: Correspondence between the TCM diagnosis and the herbal formula prescribed

for that diagnosis was high, but there was little agreement among the 3

practitioners with respect to the herbal formulas prescribed for individual

patients. © CAB International

 

Use of the meridian test for the detection of equine herpesvirus type 1

infection in horses with decreased performance. | Chvala-S, Nowotny-N,

Kotzab-E, Cain-M, Hoven-R-van-den. | 2004 | Journal of the American Vet Medical

Association; vol 225; no 4; pp 554-559 | Clinic of Internal Med and Infectious

Diseases, Clinical Department of Companion Animals and Horses, Univ of Vet Med,

Vienna, Veterinarplatz 1, A-1210 Vienna, Austria. | Objective - To evaluate use

of the AP Channel test for detection of recent or recently reactivated equine

herpesvirus type 1 (EHV-1) infection in horses with decreased performance.

Design - Case-control study. Animals - 40 horses. Procedure - Physical and

neurologic examinations were performed, and AP points on the bladder Channel

were tested for sensitivity reactions in case and control horses. Polymerase

chain reaction assays were performed to determine whether EHV-1 or equine

herpesvirus type 4 (EHV-4) DNA could be detected in peripheral blood

mononuclear cells. Complement fixation (CF) tests for detection of antibodies

against EHV-1 and EHV-4 and virus neutralization (VN) tests for detection of

antibodies against EHV-1 were performed on paired serum samples obtained 3wk

apart. Results - There was a significant difference in skin sensitivity in the

cervical, sacral, and gluteal regions and flank between case and control

horses. By use of the Channel test, all case horses were sensitive to

manipulation of all AP points believed to be associated with EHV infections,

whereas only a few control horses were sensitive at an occasional point. Equine

herpesvirus type 1 or EHV-4 viremia was not detected in any horses. Mean+/-SD

VN antibody titers against EHV-1 were not significantly different between the 2

groups. Mean+/-SD CF antibody titers against EHV-1 obtained 3wk after the

initial samples were higher in case horses than control horses; however,

unequivocal seroconversion was not detected.

CONCLUSION

s and Clinical Relevance: Results of the Channel test in case

horses were associated with sensitivity reactions similar to those

detected by physical and neurologic examinations; however, an

unequivocal association with EHV-1 or EHV-4 infection was not

detected. © CAB International

 

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