Medline hits for herbal medicines given as enemas, suppositories, or via rectal / anal route:

[Guest guest]

Hi Gabrielle, Kathleen, Laura, Nicole & All,

 

Herbs & herbal formulas have many uses as topical applications /

washes, but the question raised was regarding their use as douches /

enemas.

 

Here are Medline hits for herbal medicines given as enemas,

suppositories, or via rectal / anal route:

 

ENEMAS or RECTAL/ANAL ADMINISTRATION:

 

Bull Acad Natl Med. 1999;183(4):797-80; discussion 810-3.|[Current

data on major novel antiamalaria drugs: Artemisinin (qinghaosu)

derivatives - Article in French]|Ambroise-Thomas P.|Dept de Parasitol-

Mycol Med et Moleculaire, Faculte de Medecine, Universite Joseph

Fourier Grenoble UPRES-A CNRS 5082, La Tronche.|Artemisinin or

Qinghaosu (QHS) and its derivatives (mainly artemether and

artesunate) are novel and the most rapidly acting antimalarial drugs,

effective in adults and children against all the Plasmodium of humans,

including multi-drug resistant Plasmodium falciparum. Resistance to

these drugs has not been identified so far. QHS derivatives are very well

tolerated and there is no evidence of serious clinical toxicity in man. The

neurotoxicity seen in animals after high doses of certain compounds has

not been reported in humans. In the treatment of severe malaria, QHS

administered by either the intramuscular (artemether and artesunate) or

intravenous (artesunate) route, are at least as effective as quinine, and

are simpler to use. Intramuscular artemether appears to be an excellent

alternative to intravenous quinine, which is specially important since

quinine resistance is common in Asia and a decrease of sensitivity to

quinine has been reported in Africa. For the treatment of uncomplicated

malaria, the use of QHS must be highly selective. Treatment by QHS is

only totally justifiable in areas where multi-drug resistant strains are

prevalent and always concurrently with an other effective, longer-acting,

antimalarial drug (mefloquine, preferably). This combination approach is

associated with an accelerated antimalarial response. It avoids or limits

the risk of recrudescences, and protects both drugs from the

development of resistance. Artemether and artesunate have also been

administered by the rectal route with highly promising results for

treatment of severe malaria. This route eliminates several

disadvantages or risks associated with injections. The best indication for

rectal administration will be probably a rescue treatment of severe

malaria in rural and poorly equipped dispensaries before transfer to

hospital for treatment using conventional modalities. All QHS derivatives

should not be used for chemophophylaxis.|Publication Types: Review

Review, Tutorial PMID: 10437302 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

Di Yi Jun Yi Da Xue Xue Bao. 2004 Apr;24(4):456-8.|[High-performance

capillary electrophoresis for determining caffeic acid content in Fujie

enema and Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz - Article in

Chinese]|Yan Y, Xu ZY, Chen ZL, Tan YF, Guo D.|Dept of

Pharmaceutics, Nanfang Hospital, First Military Medical University,

Guangzhou 510515, China.|OBJECTIVE: To determine caffeic acid

content in Fujie enema and the crude TCHM Taraxacum mongolicum

Hand.-Mazz. for controlling the quality of the enema at the levels of both

the crude drugs and the final product. METHODS: Caffeic acid content

in both the enema and the crude drug was determined at 313 nm Using

high-performance capillary electrophoresis (HPCE), under the optimized

conditions achieved with a fused-silica capillary tube (75 micromx0 cm)

and 20 mmol/L borate running buffer (pH=9.18) at a constant voltage of

12 kV and a sampling time of 5 s at 25 degrees Celsius. RESULTS: The

calibration curve displayed good linear relationship within caffeic acid

concentration range of 10 to 100 microg/ml (r=0.999 2). The regression

equation was Y=1002.45X-327.87, and the average recovery was more

than 95%. CONCLUSION: HPCE is simple, rapid and sensitive in

separation and determination of caffeic acid in Fujie enema and the

crude drug of Taraxacum mongolicum Hand.-Mazz.|PMID: 15090325

[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

Di Yi Jun Yi Da Xue Xue Bao. 2005 Apr;25(4):447-9, 453.|[High-

performance liquid chromatography combined with mass spectrum

analysis for chromatographic fingerprinting of compound dandelion

enema - Article in Chinese]|Yan Y, Liu ST, Xu ZY, Luo QZ, Tan YF,

Chen ZL.|Dept of Pharmaceutical Science, Nanfang Hospital, Southern

Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.|OBJECTIVE: To identify

the active components of compound dandelion enema, a preparation

from 7 traditional Chinese herbal drugs for treatment of gynecological

diseases. METHODS: Three-dimensional high-performance liquid

chromatography (3D-HPLC) was employed to separate the ethyl acetate

extract of compound dandelion Enema, and HPLC combined with mass

spectrum (MS) analysis used for chromatographic fingerprinting.

RESULT: By comparing the ionic fragments of MS and retention time of

each peak, the main active components in compound dandelion enema

were determined, including caffeic acid, ferulic acid and

protocatechualdehyde. CONCLUSION: HPLC coupled with mass

spectroscopy can be used for qualitative analysis of compound

dandelion enema.|PMID: 15837653 [PubMed - in process]

 

Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2003 Feb;25(1):73-85.|Effect of

Phlomis umbrosa root on mast cell-dependent immediate-type allergic

reactions by anal therapy.|Shin TY, Lee JK.|College of Pharmacy,

Woosuk University, Chonju, Chonbuk, Korea.

tyshin|The effect of aqueous extract of Phlomis

umbrosa Turcz. (Labiatae) root (PUAE) on mast cell-dependent

immediate-type allergic reaction by anal therapy was investigated.

PUAE (0.01 to 1 g/kg) dose-dependently inhibited systemic anaphylaxis

induced by compound 48/80 in mice. When PUAE was pretreated at the

same concentrations with systemic anaphylaxis, the plasma histamine

levels were reduced in a dose-dependent manner. PUAE (0.1 and 1

g/kg) also significantly inhibited local anaphylaxis activated by anti-DNP

IgE. PUAE (0.001 to 1 mg/mL) dose-dependently inhibited the histamine

release from rat peritoneal mast cells (RPMC) activated by compound

48/80 or anti-DNP IgE. The level of cyclic AMP (cAMP) in human mast

cells (HMC-1 cells) when PUAE (1 mg/mL) was added, transiently and

significantly increased compared with that of basal cells. In addition,

PUAE (0.1 and 1 mg/mL) inhibited the secretion of tumor necrosis

factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), interleukin (IL)-6 in phorbol 12-myristate 13-

acetate (PMA) plus calcium ionophore A23187-stimulated HMC-1 cells.

These results provide evidence that anal therapy of PUAE may be

beneficial in the treatment of allergic diseases.|PMID: 12675201

[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

J Tradit Chin Med. 1982 Sep;2(3):211-4.|Treatment of chronic renal

failure by retention-enema with rhizoma rhei compound decoction.|Bi

ZQ, Zheng FL, Kang ZQ.|||Publication Types: Case Reports PMID:

6765716 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

J Tradit Chin Med. 2001 Dec;21(4):256-8.|Chinese herbal enema for

treatment of tumors at the middle and late stage.|Zhou Y, Sun H.|Henan

Provincial TCM Hospital, Henan Province 450002.||Publication Types:

Case Reports PMID: 12014122 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

J Tradit Chin Med. 2001 Jun;21(2):93-5.|Clinical study on treatment of

chronic renal failure with shenshuailing.|Ju J, Guo Y, Liang Y, Sun S,

Yang J, Yang S.|Yuhuangding Hospital, Yantai City 264000, Shandong

Province.|The therapeutic effects of Shenshuailing Kou Fu Ye (SKFY

[symbol: see text], the Oral Liquid for Renal Failure) and Shenshuailing

Guan Chang Ye (SGCY [symbol: see text], the Enema for Renal

Failure) were evaluated in treatment of chronic renal failure, with coateg

aldehyde oxystarch as the controls. The changes in the clinical

symptoms, serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine

clearance rate were observed. The total effective rate in the former was

90.46%, and the latter 60.43%.|Publication Types: Clinical Trial

Randomized Controlled Trial PMID: 11498911 [PubMed - indexed for

MEDLINE]

 

Mayo Clin Proc. 1999 Nov;74(11):1161-75.|Antiparasitic

agents.|Rosenblatt JE.|Division of Clinical Microbiology, Mayo Clinic

Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.|Several important developments

have occurred in recent years in the chemotherapy for and prophylaxis

of parasitic infections. Although mefloquine is clearly the most effective

agent for prevention of chloroquine-resistant falciparum malaria, its use

has been compromised by side effects, both real and imagined. Well-

designed studies have shown that side effects occur no more frequently

with low-dose mefloquine than with chloroquine. Use of mefloquine in

pregnant women has not been associated with birth defects, but the

incidence of stillbirths may be increased. Malarone is a new agent that

combines atovaquone and proguanil, and it may be as effective as

mefloquine; however, it is not yet available in the United States. Several

newer agents have appeared in response to the development of

multidrug resistant Plasmodium falciparum, especially in Southeast

Asia. Halofantrine is available for the treatment of mild to moderate

malaria due to P. falciparum and for P. vivax infections. Because of

severe toxic effects, use of halofantrine should be restricted to only

those unusual and rare situations in which other agents cannot be used.

Artemisinin (an extract of the Chinese herbal remedy qinghaosu) and

two derivatives, artesunate and artemether, are active against multidrug

resistant P. falciparum and are widely used in Asia in oral, parenteral,

and rectal forms. The antibacterial azithromycin in combination with

atovaquone or quinine has now been reported to treat babesiosis

effectively in experimental animals and in a few patients. Azithromycin in

combination with paromomycin has also shown promise in the treatment

of cryptosporidiosis (and toxoplasmosis when combined with

pyrimethamine) in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency

syndrome (AIDS). Albendazole is currently the only systemic agent

available for treatment of microsporidiosis, an infection primarily of

patients with AIDS. In addition, albendazole and ivermectin have

emerged as effective broad-spectrum antihelminthics, with albendazole

becoming the drug of choice for hydatid disease (echinococcosis),

neurocysticercosis, and most intestinal nematode infections (except

strongyloidiasis and trichuriasis). Liposomal amphotericin B is the first

drug approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of

visceral leishmaniasis.|Publication Types: Review Review, Tutorial

PMID: 10560606 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

Semin Nephrol. 2003 Jan;23(1):49-65.|Nephropathy associated with

animal, plant, and chemical toxins in the tropics.|Jha V, Chugh KS.|Dept

of Nephrology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and

Research, Chandigarh, India.|Widespread human exposure to a variety

of drugs, chemicals, and biologic products and recent awareness of

their toxic manifestations has led to the recognition of toxic nephropathy

as an important segment of renal disease in the tropical countries.

Tropical nephrotoxins are distinctly different from those seen in the rest

of the world and are derived from local fauna and flora or plant and

chemical sources. The spectrum of exposure varies from country to

country and even from community to community, depending on

variations in the distribution of local plants and animal species and

prevalent social practices. Acute renal failure (ARF), either alone or in

association with liver failure, neurologic abnormalities, metabolic

acidosis, disseminated intravascular coagulation, or pulmonary

infections is the most common form of presentation. Traditional

medicines prescribed by witch doctors (traditional healers) constitute a

special class of nephrotoxins among several communities in Africa and

Asia. The prevalence of nephropathy caused by traditional medicines is

directly related to a combination of ignorance, poverty, lack of medical

facilities, lax legislation, and widespread belief in indigenous systems of

medicine in rural areas. These medicines are a mix of herbs and

unknown chemicals administered orally or as enemas. Clustering of

cases after exposure to a particular agent suggests the possibility of a

toxic insult. Common animal nephrotoxins are venoms of viper snakes,

sea snakes, stinging insects, and raw gallbladder and bile of carp and

sheep. Botanical nephrotoxins are encountered both in common edible

plants (djenkol beans, mushrooms) and medicinal herbs (impila, cat's

claw). Mistaken identification of medicinal herbs by untrained workers

and even deliberate trials of toxic substitutes derived from plants

frequently lead to renal disease, the most commonly reported being the

Chinese herbal nephropathy. Nephrotoxicity caused by chemicals can

be secondary to accidental occupational exposure in industrial work

places (eg, chromic acid), or after suicidal or homicidal use (eg, copper

sulphate, ethylene dibromide, ethylene glycol). Late presentation and

multiorgan dysfunction are associated with a high mortality. A high index

of suspicion, careful history taking, and an awareness of local practices

are essential for proper diagnosis and management of toxic

nephropathies in the tropics. Copyright 2003, Elsevier Science (USA).

All rights reserved.|Publication Types: Review Review, Tutorial PMID:

12563601 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

World J Gastroenterol. 2003 Dec;9(12):2786-90.|Protective effect of

angelica sinensis polysaccharide on experimental immunological colon

injury in rats.|Liu SP, Dong WG, Wu DF, Luo HS, Yu JP.|Department of

Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Dept 430060,

Hubei Province, China.|AIM: To study the effect of angelica sinensis

polysaccharide (ASP) on immunological colon injury and its

mechanisms in rats. METHODS: Immunological colitis model of rats

was induced by intracolon enema with 2, 4, 6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic

acid (TNBS) and ethanol. The experimental animals were randomly

divided into normal control, model control, 5-aminosalicylic acid therapy

groups and three doses of ASP therapy groups. The 6 groups were

treated intracolonically with normal saline, normal saline, 5-

aminosalicylic acid (100 mg.kg(-1)), and ASP daily (8:00 am) at the

doses of 200, 400 and 800 mg.kg(-1) respectively for 21 days 7 d

following induction of colitis. The rat colon mucosa damage index

(CMDI), the histopathological score (HS), the score of occult blood test

(OBT), and the colonic MPO activity were evaluated. The levels of SOD,

MDA, NO, TNF-alpha, IL-2 and IL-10 in colonic tissues were detected

biochemically and immunoradiometrically. The expressions of TGF-beta

and EGF in colonic tissues were also determined immunochemically.

RESULTS: Enhanced colonic mucosal injury, inflammatory response

and oxidative stress were observed in colitis rats, which manifested as

significant increases of CMDI, HS, OBT, MPO activity, MDA and NO

contents, as well as the levels of TNF-alpha and IL-2 in colonic tissues,

although colonic TGF-beta protein expression, SOD activity and IL-10

content were significantly decreased compared with the normal control

(P<0.01). However, these parameters were found to be significantly

ameliorated in colitis rats treated intracolonically with ASP at the doses

of 400 and 800 mg.kg(-1) (P<0.05-0.01). Meantime, colonic EGF protein

expression in colitis rats was remarkably up-regulated. CONCLUSION:

ASP has a protective effect on immunological colon injury induced by

TNBS and ethanol enema in rats, which was probably due to the

mechanism of antioxidation, immunomodulation and promotion of

wound repair.|PMID: 14669334 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

World J Gastroenterol. 2004 Jul 1;10(13):1914-7.|Effect of traditional

Chinese medicinal enemas on ulcerative colitis of rats.|Guo SM, Tong

HB, Bai LS, Yang W.|Dept of TCM, Tongji Hospital, Tongji University,

Shanghai 200065, China. guosm|AIM: To investigate the

effects of traditional Chinese medicinal enema (TCME) on inflammatory

and immune response of colonic mucosa of rats with ulcerative colitis

(UC), and to observe the pathogenic mechanism. METHODS: Thirty UC

rats, induced by intestinal enema together with 2.4-dinitrochlorobenzene

(DNCB) and acetic acid, were randomly divided into 3 groups, i.e., GI,

GII and GIII. Groups GI and GII were administered with TCME and

salazosulfapyridine enema (SASPE), respectively. Group GIII was

clystered with only normal saline (NSE), served as control. Group GIV

was taken from normal rats as reference, once daily, from the 7th day

after the establishment of UC for total 28 d. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) in the

colonic mucosa was assayed by (3)H-TdR incorporation assay. Colonic

mucosal lymphocyte subpopulation adhesive molecules,

CD(4)(+)CD(11a )(+), CD(4)(+)CD(18)(+), CD(8)(+)CD(11a)(+),

CD(8)(+)CD1(18)(+) (LSAM), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, and

interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), were detected by enzyme linked

immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Moreover, the expression of TNF-alpha

mRNA and IFN-gamma mRNA in colonic mucosa were detected by

polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS: Before therapies, in

model groups, GI, GII and GIII, levels of IL-6, TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma,

CD(8)(+)CD(11a)(+) and CD(8)(+)CD(18)(+) were significantly different

(38.29+/-2.61 U/mL, 16.54+/-1.23 ng/L, 8.61+/-0.89 ng/L, 13.51+/-2.31%

and 12.22+/-1.13%, respectively) compared to those in GIV group

(31.56+/-2.47 U/mL, 12.81+/-1.38 ng/L, 5.28+/-0.56 ng/L, 16.68+/-1.41%

and 16.79+/-1.11%, respectively). After therapeutic enemas, in GI

group, the contents of IL-6 (32.48+/-2.53 U/m), TNF-alpha (13.42+/-1.57

ng/L) and IFN-gamma (5.87+/-0.84 ng/L) were reduced; then, the

contents of CD(8)(+)CD(11a)(+) (16.01+/-1.05 %) and

CD(8)(+)CD(18)(+) (16.28+/-0.19%) were raised. There was no

significant difference between groups GI and GIV, but the difference

between groups GI and GII was quite obvious (P<0.05). The

expressions of TNF-alpha mRNA and IFN-gamma mRNA in group GIII

were much higher than those of group GIV, but those in group GI were

significantly suppressed by TCME therapy. CONCLUSION: Ulcerative

colitis is related to colonic regional mucosal inflammatory factors and

immune imbalance. TCME can effectively inhibit regional mucosal

inflammatory factors and improve their disorder of immunity.|PMID:

15222036 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 1986 Apr;6(4):198-200.|[Comparative study

of the therapeutic effects of herbal enema mixture no. 1 and

hemodialysis on acute kidney failure - Article in Chinese]|Zhai

FM.|||PMID: 2945652 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 1986 Apr;6(4):225-8, 196.|[Effect of herbal

enema mixture no. 1 on experimental acute renal failure - Article in

Chinese]|Deng WL.|||PMID: 2945661 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 1987 Oct;7(10):604-5, 581.|[Effect of

retention enema of da cheng qi tang after gyneco-obstetrical abdominal

operation - Article in Chinese]|Li YD, Xiao HX.|||PMID: 3447760

[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 1989 Aug;9(8):472-4, 452.|[Treatment of

ulcerative colitis by TCM and dynamic study of immune functions -

Article in Chinese]|Guo Q, Guo Z.||The effect of the traditional Chinese

medicinal herbs enema and enteric-coated capsules in the treatment of

ulcerative colitis (UC) were compared in 260 cases. The immune

complexes and the dynamic change of autoantibodies were monitored

in 28 out of the 260 cases before and after treatment. The following

results were observed. (1) There was no significant difference in the

total effective rate between the enema group and the oral capsule group

(93.3% and 87.5% respectively), but the recovery rates of purulent

hemafecia, mucusfecia and erosion accompanying colitis, etc. in the

former group were higher than those in the latter (P less than 0.01). (2)

The circulating immune complexes were found 43 times above the

normal range in 17 cases with positive rate 60.7%, and tended to

decrease as the condition became better after treatment. Antinuclear

antibodies were determined by the indirect fluorescent immune method

and the indirect enzyme labelling method and the positive rates were

53.6% and 64.7% respectively, both being much higher than those in

the controls (P less than 0.01).|PMID: 2598349 [PubMed - indexed for

MEDLINE]

 

Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 1989 Sep;9(9):529-32, 515.|[Clinical and

experimental studies of yiqi huoxue principles in treating ulcerative

colitis - Article in Chinese]|Zhao H, Zhou JZ.||Yiqi Huoxue principle (YH)

was applied to treat 30 cases of ulcerative colitis while Yiqi Jianpi and

Qingre Qushi principle (YJQQ), which had been proved its therapeutic

effect, was used as the control therapy. The herbal medicines were

taken by oral and enema. The course of treatment was 6 weeks. The

length, wet and dry weights of thrombus, the platelet adherence and the

r, k, Ma, M values of thrombelastogram were measured before and after

medications. Before medication, the value mentioned above were all

abnormal in both YH and YJQQ group. After medication, with alleviation

of the symptoms and signs of the colitis, all these values trend gradually

to normal levels (P less than 0.01). The rat models of ulcerative colitis

were made by immunological and local stimulation methods. The

models were divided into three groups: YH(I), YJQQ(II) and water

group(III). Three weeks after medication, the results showed that the

lesion degree of the colon, the length and weight both wet and dry

thrombus were remarkably lower in group I than those in group III. It

was also showed that there was a positive correlation between the

lesion degree of colon and the dry weight of thrombus (r = 0.7941, P

less than 0.01). It suggested that the therapeutic effect of YH was

similar to those of YJQQ in treating ulcerative colitis.|PMID: 2598358

[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 1993 Feb;13(2):77-9, 67.|[Oral

and rectal administration of Chinese herbal and essential amino acids

injection in 103 cases of chronic renal failure - Article in Chinese]|Zhu

PJ, Fu WM.|Dantu Nephrologic Hospital of Integrated Traditional and

Western Medicine, Jiangsu.|103 cases of chronic renal failure (CRF),

were treated by oral taken drugs for warming and replenishing Spleen

and Kidney, rectal given drugs for expelling and purgating the

pathogenic factor and injection of essential amino-acid (EAA). Results:

BUN and Scr of patients reduced obviously than that of pre-treatment (P

< 0.05), but Ccr increased (P < 0.05), Scr of 43 cases normalized

eventually, the total effective rate was 86.47%. 60 of 103 cases were

observed for more than one year, the kidney function of 27 cases

remained to be normal, Scr of 20 cases stabilized at the level of

discharging from hospital. Although the Scr of 13 cases increased

slightly, but 3 cases developed to the terminal stage of CRF only. It is

considered that this program was effective not only for immediate

efficacy, but also could delay the progress of CRF.|PMID: 8334341

[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 1994 Jul;14(7):400-2.|[Clinical

study in treating intractable ulcerative colitis with Article in

Chinese]|Chen ZS, Nie ZW, Sun QL.|211 Hospital of PLA,

Harbin.|Clinical double blind study in treating 153 intractable ulcerative

colitis with Chinese medicinal herbs was conducted, the patients were

randomly assigned to three groups. Group I is administered with Jian Pi

Ling (JPL) tablet with retention-enema of Radix Sophorae Flavescentis

and Flos Sophora (RSF-FS) decoction per night, group II with

salicylazosulfapyridine (SASP) and retention-enema of dexamethasone,

group III with placebo and retention-enema of decoction as that in group

I. After 90 days every patients were checked by means of fibro-

enteroscope, pathologic and immunologic parameters. The results: the

curative rates of group I, II, III, were 53.1%, 27.7% and 19.0%, the total

effective rates were 85.9%, 59.6% and 45.2% respectively. By

comparison among groups, the efficacy of group I was the best (P <

0.01). The check of T and B lymphocyte subpopulation showed the B

lymphocyte of group I markedly decreased, OKT3 and OKT8 obviously

increased, the ratio of OKT4 and OKT8 approached normal value. The

amount of IgG, IgM, C3 increased abnormally, decreased dramatically

after medication, while those of group II and III have not changed

significantly. The bacteriostatic test in vitro showed the bacteriostatic

effect of RSF-FS on pathogenic B. coli, Shigella dysenteriae and

Staphylococcus aureus was the best, that of solution Jian Pi Ling the

next, that of SASP was the least effective. Therefore, the principle and

method of group I seems to be the best therapeutic

programme.|Publication Types: Clinical Trial Randomized Controlled

Trial PMID: 7950223 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 1998 Jun;18(6):381-2.|[Current

study of ulcerative colitis treated by rectal administration of Chinese

herbal drugs - Article in Chinese]|Tan Y, Zhuang Z.|Publication Types:

Review Review, Tutorial||PMID: 11477917 [PubMed - indexed for

MEDLINE]

 

Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 1998 Sep;18(9):540-2.|[Clinical

and experimental study on using Cassia angustifolia extract as enema

after abdominal operation - Article in Chinese]|Wang M, Yan S, Wang

J.|Qingdao Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western

Medicine, Shandong 266002.|OBJECTIVE: To investigate the curative

effect and mechanism of using Cassia angustifolia extract (CAE) in

treating gastrointestinal tract dysfunction after abdominal operations.

METHODS: Enema administration of CAE (Clyster method) was used.

RESULTS: The result of 130 patients was very effective in reducing the

rate of gastrointestinal decompression, accelerating the restitution of

borborygmi and the time of exhaustion. Animal experiment showed the

CAE function is very obvious in enhancing the bowel movement of rats

(P < 0.05). It can enhance peristalsis and contraction amplitude of

vibration in the isolated ileum of rats (P < 0.05). It can push on the

charcoal powder in intestinal tract of mice obviously (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSION: CAE could regulate disordered function of

gastrointestinal tract after abdominal operations.|Publication Types:

Clinical Trial Randomized Controlled Trial PMID: 11475731 [PubMed -

indexed for MEDLINE]

 

Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 1999 Jul;19(7):389-91.|[Clinical

study on treatment of rectal carcinoma with Chinese herbal medicine

and high dose fluorouracil emulsion via rectal infusion - Article in

Chinese]|Wang C, Deng Z, Lou X.|476 Hospital of PLA, Fuzhou

(350002).|OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical significance of rectal

infusion of Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) plus high dose fluorouracil

emulsion in treating rectal carcinoma. METHODS: The 86 patients of

rectal carcinoma were randomly divided into CHM plus chemotherapy

group and single chemotherapy group, and the changes of T-

lymphocyte cell subset, natural killer (NK) activity, pathologic picture and

clinical symptoms were analysed statistically before and after treatment.

RESULTS: In the single chemotherapy group, the CD3 cell and NK

activity decreased after treatment and most of the peri-carcinoma

cellular infiltration were in grade I. In the CHM plus chemotherapy group,

the CD3, CD4/CD8 and NK activity restored and CD8 lymphocyte

decreased markedly after treatment in comparing with those before

treatment (P < 0.05, P < 0.01), and most of the peri-carcinoma cellular

infiltration concentrated in grade III. CONCLUSION: Chemotherapy

alone could suppress cellular immune function significantly, significant

immunoregulation and improvement of symptoms (as mucous-bloody

stool, frequent defecation) could be obtained by combination therapy of

CHM and chemotherapy.|Publication Types: Clinical Trial Randomized

Controlled Trial PMID: 11783207 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 1999 Jul;19(7):395-8.|[Clinical and

experimental study on treatment of retention enema for chronic non-

specific ulcerative colitis with quick-acting kuijie powder - Article in

Chinese]|Zhou Q, Yu J, Gu S.|Guangci Hospital of Xuzhou, Jiangsu

(221400).|OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical effect and mechanism of

retention enema with quick-acting Kuijie powder (QAKJP) in treating

chronic non-specific ulcerative colitis (CUC). METHODS: A treatment

group of 156 patients treated with QAKJP and a control group of 78

patients treated with sulfasalazine orally were established randomly and

their scores of main symptoms and signs were measured and

compared before and after treatment. Animal experiments were

conducted at the same time. RESULTS: The total effective rate in the

treatment and the control group was 98.7% and 70.5% respectively, the

clinical cure rate was 78.2% and 6.4% and the recurrence rate was

5.3% and 20.0% respectively. The effect of the treatment group was

markedly superior to that of the control group, P < 0.01. Experimental

study showed QAKJP could rapidly alleviate the congestion and edema

of intestinal mucosa, promote the healing of ulcer, inhibit spasm of colon

and had significant antidiarrheal action and antagonist effect against

allergic mediator histamine. CONCLUSION: Retention enema with

QAKJP has good effect on CUC, low recurrence rate and no toxic and

side effect.|Publication Types: Clinical Trial Randomized Controlled Trial

PMID: 11783209 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 1999 Jun;19(6):337-9.|[influence

of pre-operational medicated dachengqi granule on inflammatory

mediator in tumor patients - Article in Chinese]|Wang S, Qi Q.|Surgical

Dept of Dagang Hospital, Tianjin (300270).|OBJECTIVE: To find a

simple, effective, with few side effect method of pre-cleaning intestine

for surgical operation of abdominal malignancy. METHODS: Thirty-five

patients of abdominal malignant tumor were divided into two groups

randomly and treated with Dachengqi Granule (DCQG) and routine

western management (including oral taking antibiotics and enema with

soap solution) respectively. Serum level of nitric oxide (NO), tumor

necrosis factor (TNF), intercellular adhesive molecule-1 (ICAM-1), and

enteric function recovering of patients were observed before operation,

and 1, 3 and 7 days after operation. RESULTS: Time of borborygmus

recovering and gas discharging after operation in the DCQG group was

earlier than that of the control group, P < 0.05. Serum NO level was

raised in both groups after operation, and reaching peak level at 3rd day

post-operationally, as compared with pre-operation, P < 0.05, the

difference between the two groups was insignificant. Serum TNF level

lowered in both groups, but more apparent in the DCQG group, the

inter-group difference was significant at the first day of operation, P <

0.05. Serum ICAM-1 level in the DCQG group decreased at the day 3

after operation with significant difference in comparison with pre-

operational level, P < 0.05, but in the control group, change of ICAM-1

before and after operation was insignificant. The mean ICAM-1 level of

the DCQG group at the day 3 post-operationally was significantly lower

than that of the control group, P < 0.05. CONCLUSIONS: Compared

with the routine management of western medicine, using DCQG for

intestine pre-cleaning before operation could obviously lower the

operation induced inflammatory reaction of tumor patients, reduce the

secretion of inflammatory mediator, improve the recovery of enteric

function and reduce the post-operational complication. Therefore,

applying DCQG for pre-operational enteric preparing could provide a

satisfactory effect in surgical operation of abdominal

malignancy.|Publication Types: Clinical Trial Randomized Controlled

Trial PMID: 11783197 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2000 Sep;20(9):664-6.|[Clinical

and experimental study on treatment of infantile autumn diarrhea by

retention enema with Qilian liquid - Article in Chinese]|You J, Jiang D, Li

G.|Zaozhuang Municipal Hospital of TCM, Shandong

(277100).|OBJECTIVE: To find out the effective treatment for infantile

autumn diarrhea (IAD). METHODS: Retention enema with Qilian Liquid

(QLL) was applied to the patients of IAD with positive antigen of

rotavirus in stool, and the clinical effect in the treated group was

compared with that in the control group in aspects of negative

conversion rate of rotavirus and change of immunoglobulin. Animal

experimental study was also conducted. RESULTS: The disappearance

time of principal symptoms, negative conversion rate of rotavirus and

serum levels of IgA and IgG in the treated group were significantly

higher than those in the control group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05). Experimental

study showed that QLL not only has the the anti-viral effects to stop

diarrhea, but also has effects in enhancing immune function and

protecting intestinal mucous membrane. CONCLUSION: Retention

enema with QLL is an effective therapy for the treatment of

IAD.|Publication Types: Clinical Trial Randomized Controlled Trial PMID:

11789170 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2002 Apr;22(4):261-3.|[Clinical

observation on treatment of gastrointestinal dysfunction by fu'an liquid

for retention enema in children with critical illness - Article in

Chinese]|Yu KY, Huang XH, Li HD.|Yichun Municipal People's Hospital,

Jiangxi 336000.|OBJECTIVE: To observe the therapeutic effect of Fu'an

Liquid (FAL) for retention enema in treating gastrointestinal (GI)

dysfunction of children with critical illness. METHODS: Eighty-nine

patients were randomly divided into two groups, 52 in the treated group

and 37 in the control group. Conventional therapy of western medicine

was given to both groups and to the treated group FAL was given

additionally. Plasma endothelin (ET) level was measured during

admission, GI dysfunction occurrence and after treatment, and the

therapeutic effect as well as the recovery of GI condition were observed.

RESULTS: The total effective rate of FAL in treating GI dysfunction was

84.62%, which was significantly higher than that in the control group

(62.17%) (P < 0.05). In the treated group, 34 cases were treated

successfully, 16 died and the other 2 abandoned, the mortality rate

being 30.77%, while in the control group, the corresponding numbers

were 16, 18, 3 and 48.65%. The mortality rate in the treated group was

lower than that in the control group (chi 2 = 4.64, P < 0.05). Level of ET

in both groups was higher than normal range during admission (P <

0.01), it further increased when GI dysfunction occurred (P < 0.01), and

decreased when successfully treated, the decrease was quicker in the

treated group than that in the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION:

In children with critical illness, ET level would increase when the patient

was complicated with GI dysfunction. FAL for retention enema could

reduce the ET level effectively, promote the recovery of patients from GI

dysfunction, so as to play a definite role in enhancing the successful rate

of rescue.|Publication Types: Clinical Trial Randomized Controlled Trial

PMID: 12584785 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 1989 Jun;14(6):349-51.|[Recent

application of the rectal administration of Chinese herbal drugs - Article

in Chinese]|Jiang L.|||Publication Types: Review Review, Tutorial PMID:

2511860 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 1995 Feb;20(2):92-4, 126.|[Rectal

administration of ash bark - Article in Chinese]|Tan Y, Lu W, Zhao S, Hu

Y, Ma Z.|Jiangxi Institute of TCM, Nanchang.|A TLC-densitometric

method was applied to determine aesculin in rabbit blood. The best way

for ash bark rectal administration was found by orthogonal design

[L4(2(3))]. The two routes of administration (per rectal, P.O.) were

compared by bioavailabilities and the result indicated that per rectal was

better than P.O. Modified isolated rectum-bag method was applied

successfully to finding the best way for rectal administration of ash

bark.|PMID: 7779279 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 1995 Jan;20(1):30-2, 62.|[Research on

rectal administration of bark of official Magnolia - Article in Chinese]|Tan

Y, Lu W, Zhao S, Hu Y, Ma Z.|Jiangxi Institute of TCM,

Nanchang.|Fluorescence assay was applied to the determination of

magnolol in rabbit blood, and the best way to administer the bark of

official magnolia per rectal was established by orthogonal test. Then the

two routes of administration were compared by AUC of magnolol and

per rectal was found better than P.O. In addition, the modified isolated

rectum-bag method was applied successfully to the research on rectal

administration of bark of official magnolia.|PMID: 7626207 [PubMed -

indexed for MEDLINE]

 

Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2003 Aug;28(8):696-700.|[Advances in

the research on targeted preparations of TCM and natural drugs -

Article in Chinese]|Yang CX, Xu XH, Dong Y.|Affiliated Zhongshan

Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032.|OBJECTIVE: Targeting

dosage form is a kind of targeting drug delivery system which can be

used to lock drugs around the target organs, tissues, cells and obtain

more effective treatment for dose concentration, thus reducing the side-

effects of such drugs while increasing their effeciveness. Targeting

dosage form is the fourth-generation drug dosage form and it is ideal

system for administration because it release the theraping drugs in the

targeting-site. Particular emphasis was placed on liposome due to it was

used as a drug carrier. Meanwhile, the highlights of research were on

magnetic and enzyme targeting preparations. In addition, oral colon

targeting drug delivery system, drugs were carried to ileocecum and

release to get local and whole effect, is also an important part of

targeting dosage form. The study on TCM targeting dosage form is still

at beginning stage in China. At present, most of study on TCM and

natural products targeting drugs were focus on simple effective

component and merely on TCM effective positions in relative with the

difficult for determing their quality standard and procedure of preparing.

It is the kernel item for TCM modernization and the key for TCM

internationalization to develop new dosage form and new technology of

TCM. There is a need in collaboration with multiple discipline. It will be a

important research subject to develop TCM targeting preparation in the

near future. TCM targeting dosage form can be classified into liposome,

nanoparticles, multiple emulsion etc according to the difference of

carrier and oral, rectal, colonic, nasal, dermal, ocular system on a basis

of administration and so on. This paper made a summary on TCM and

natural products targeting dosage form according to different targeting

positions and introduce the procedure of preparing compared with the

effect in vivo and manifest that TCM and natural products targeting

dosage form will have good exploit prospect.|PMID: 12791192 [PubMed

- indexed for MEDLINE]

 

Zhonghua Hu Li Za Zhi. 1993 May;28(5):259-61.|[Experimental study

and clinical application of oral administration of Chinese herb as an

enema substitute - Article in Chinese]|Gong MX.|||PMID: 8258160

[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

 

 

SUPPOSITORIES or RECTAL ADMINISTRATION

 

Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1999 Feb;60(2):244-7.|The pharmacokinetics of

artemisinin after administration of two different suppositories to healthy

Vietnamese subjects.|Koopmans R, Ha LD, Duc DD, Dien TK, Kager

PA, Khanh NX, van Boxtel CJ, De Vries PJ.|Dept of Clinical

Pharmacology, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam,

The Netherlands.|Eight healthy Vietnamese male subjects received 400

mg artemisinin formulated into fatty suppositories (FS), and six different

subjects received 500 mg of artemisinin formulated in polyethylene

glycol suppositories (PEGS). Plasma concentrations were measured by

high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection;

concentration versus time curves were analyzed with nonparametric

methods. No statistically significant differences were found between the

two formulations. The maximum concentration (Cmax) was 100 +/- 102

microg/L (mean +/- SD, range = 24-330) microg/L (FS), the

pharmacokinetic lag time (Tlag) was 1.3 +/- 1.0 hr (range = 0-3) (FS),

and the time of the maximum concentration (Tmax) was 7.1 +/- 2.1 hr

(range = 3-10) hr (FS). Because artemisinin is not available for

intravenous dosage, absolute bioavailability cannot be assessed.

However, compared with a previous study on oral artemisinin in healthy

Vietnamese subjects, bioavailability relative to oral administration was

estimated to be approximately 30%. We conclude that therapeutic blood

concentrations of artemisinin can be reached after rectal dosage. The

dose after rectal administration should probably be higher than after oral

administration; doubling or tripling the oral dose might be necessary,

which would imply a rectal dose of at least 20 mg/kg of body weight

given twice a day.|Publication Types: Clinical Trial PMID: 10072143

[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

Hinyokika Kiyo. 1991 Dec;37(12):1677-82.|[Clinical studies on chronic

prostatitis and prostatitis-like syndrome. (5) Evaluation of prostatitis

complicated by anal disease - Article in Japanese]|Ikeuchi T, Ueno M,

Yogi S, Hasegawa K, Sasaki H, Hamashima T.|Dept of Urology,

Fujigaoka Hospital, School of Medicine, Showa University.|We analyzed

the incidence of anal disease in patients with nonbacterial prostatitis

(NBP) or with prostatitis-like syndrome (PLS), and evaluated the clinical

efficacy. The complicated rate of anal disease in these patients was

29.7% (31.8% for NBP and 28.1% for PLS), and the overall incidence of

active anal disease was 15.4% (16.2% for NBP and 14.8% for PLS), it

yielded a significantly higher complicated rate than other urological

disease (p less than 0.01). The most common type of anal disease was

hemorrhoids, especially piles. The clinical cure rate for anal disease in

NBP patients was 71.4%, and in PLS patients was 58.2%. The high

incidence of hemorrhoids (especially piles) was in these patients by

clinico-statistical observation suggests that the development of anal

disease may be etiologically correlated with NBP and PLS. Furthermore,

we noted that Kampo treatment (Keisibukuryogan) was useful in the

treatment of prostatitis complicated by anal disease, especially when

combined with anti-hemorrhoidal suppositories against active anal

disease in PLS patients (p less than 0.05).|PMID: 1785392 [PubMed -

indexed for MEDLINE]

 

J Tradit Chin Med. 1996 Jun;16(2):151-6.|Advances in treatment of ano-

rectal diseases by the anal suppository method.|Yang X, Wang J, Xie

R.|PLA 520 Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan Province.||Publication Types:

Review Review, Tutorial PMID: 9389147 [PubMed - indexed for

MEDLINE]

 

J Tradit Chin Med. 1996 Mar;16(1):15-7.|62 cases of chronic prostatitis

treated by rectal ionintroduction of TCM suppository.|Chen

Z.|Shijiazhuang Railway Central Hospital, Hebei Province.||PMID:

8758702 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

J Tradit Chin Med. 2001 Jun;21(2):90-2.|Treatment of nonspecific

chronic prostatitis with Qian Lie Xian Yan Suppository in 104 cases.|Jia

Y, Li Y, Li J, Sun M.|Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of TCM

and Pharmacy, Beijing 100700.|Qian Lie Xian Yan Suppository ([symbol:

see text]) was rectally applied to treat 104 patients with nonspecific

chronic prostatitis (damp-heat syndrome with blood stasis) in contrast to

30 patients treated with traditional Chinese drug Ye Ju Hua Shuan

([symbol: see text] Suppository of Flos Chrysanthemi Indici). The results

show that chronic prostatitis is markedly improved by using Qian Lie

Xian Yan suppository, with a short-term cure rate of 23.1% and a total

effective rate of 84.6%, superior to that of the control group. The animal

experiment indicates that Qian Lie Xian Yan suppository has better anti-

inflammatory and analgesic effects, with an action of promoting blood

circulation.|PMID: 11498910 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 2004 Jun;26(5):349-55.|A panel

study on the effects of a Chinese medicinal suppository, Vigconic VI-28,

on insulin-like growth factor 1 and homocysteine in healthy men.|Chui

SH, Chan K, Wong RN, Chen KJ.|Research and Development Division,

School of , Beijing, China.|Changes in serum

homocysteine (Hcy), often related to stroke and vascular dementia, are

negatively correlated with changes in serum insulin-like growth factor 1

(IGF-1) and growth hormone (GH) replacement decreases Hcy levels in

men with GH deficiency. Very little information on the effects of Chinese

medicines on GH and Hcy is available in the literature published in

English. In this study, the effects of a Chinese medicine suppository,

Vigconic VI-28 (VI-28), consisting of concentrated extracts of a

composite mixture of herbal materials, on serum IGF-1 and Hcy were

studied. In vivo observations after treatment with Chinese medicines

have often indicated changes in biochemical profiles of measurable

parameters related to those changes in endocrine secretions. Thirty six

healthy males (age 47-66) were under observation over a 16-week

schedule after using VI-28 suppository from 0 to 12 weeks. Blood

specimens were taken monthly (except at the end of week 8) for

analysis of Hcy and IGF-1 levels. Compared with week 0, IGF-1 levels

(192.5 +/- 66.4 ng/ml) were significantly elevated at week 4 (211.7 +/-

80.5, p < 0.05) and week 12 (226.6 +/- 95.2 ng/ml, p = 0.01). No

significant changes were observed for Hcy for the whole cohort from

week 0 to week 16. When the cohort was divided into 2 groups using a

Hcy level of 13.0 micro mol/l as the cut-off, a significant (p < 0.05)

difference in IGF-1 was observed between the 2 groups at week 12

only. The mean IGF-1 of 14 subjects with higher Hcy levels was lower

than that of the 22 subjects with lower Hcy. We believe that VI-28 may

exert a regulatory effect on the relationship between Hcy and IGF-1, at

least in subjects with relatively low levels of Hcy. In addition, we also

observed an apparent association of hyperhomocysteinemia (Hcy> or

=13.0 micromol/l) with decreased IGF-1.|Publication Types: Clinical Trial

PMID: 15319814 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

Phytother Res. 2004 Jul;18(7):525-30.|A yang-promoting Chinese herbal

suppository preparation enhances the antioxidant status of red cells in

male human subjects.|Mak DH, Chiu PY, Poon MK, Ng TT, Chung YK,

Lam BY, Du Y, Ko KM.|Dept of Biochemistry, The Hong Kong University

of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China.|In the

16-week pilot study, the effect of a Yang-promoting Chinese herbal

suppository preparation (VI-28) on the red cell antioxidant status was

examined in 31 healthy male subjects aged 41-66 years old. VI-28

treatment for 12 weeks (one suppository (0.3 g) daily for week 1-4; one

every 2 days for week 5-8; one every 3 days for week 9-12) produced a

time/dose-dependent alteration in red cell antioxidant status. The VI-28-

induced change is characterized by a slight depletion in cellular reduced

glutathione (GSH) level and a decrease in susceptibility to peroxide-

induced lipid peroxidation as well as increases in catalase (CAT) and

Cu-Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. While a reversal trend of

change was observed in cellular GSH level, the susceptibility to lipid

peroxidation as well as the CAT activity after the cessation of treatment

for 4 weeks, the SOD activity exhibited a protracted increase. The

results indicate that VI-28 treatment enhances red cell antioxidant status

in male subjects. The beneficial effect of VI-28 treatment on red cells

may re fl ect a corresponding change in antioxidant status of peripheral

tissues.|Publication Types: Evaluation Studies PMID: 15305310

[PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 1994 Jun;88 Suppl 1:S3-4.|Artemisinin:

current status.|White NJ.|Wellcome-Mahidol University, Oxford Tropical

Medicine Research Programme, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol

University, Bangkok, Thailand.|The compounds derived from the

Chinese medicinal plant qinghao (Artemisia annua) are the most rapidly

acting of all antimalarial drugs. They are effective when given

parenterally, orally or by suppository. No serious adverse effect has yet

been reported in humans. The artemisinin derivatives already have an

established role in the treatment of multi-drug resistant falciparum

malaria, but their wider use will depend on the results of current

mortality and toxicity studies.|PMID: 8053020 [PubMed - indexed for

MEDLINE]

 

Zhong Yao Cai. 2001 Sep;24(9):672-3.|[study on the quality standards

for xianghe suppository - Article in Chinese]|Deng Y, Yang L, Qiu X,

Dong Y.|Guangdong Provincial Hospital of TCM, Guangzhou

510120.|The quality standards for Xianghe suppository were studied.

The TLC methods for identification of Rhizoma Coptidis, Radix

Sophorae Flavescentis and Flos Caryophylli were established. A simple

high performance liquid chromatographic method was established for

determination of berberine and palmatine. The mobile phase was

acetonitrile-water(1:1, containing KH2PO4 3.4 g, CH3(CH2)11 SO4Na

1.7 g per 1000 ml). UV detecting wavelength was 345 nm. This method

is suitable for the quality control of Xianghe suppository.|PMID:

11799783 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

Zhong Yao Cai. 2003 Jul;26(7):512-4.|[study on preparation procedure

of Suppositoria Radix Bupleuri for kids - Article in Chinese]|Wang L,

Chen Y.|College of Pharmacy, Henan University, Kaifeng

475001.|OBJECTIVE: To optimize the preparation procedure of

Suppositoria Radix Bupleuri for Kids. METHODS: The extraction

process and preparation procedure were studied by orthogonal

experimental design. RESULTS: The extraction process was selected

and suppositoria was prepared by hard fat. CONCLUSION: This

preparation procedure is suitable.|PMID: 14650062 [PubMed - indexed

for MEDLINE]

 

Zhong Yao Tong Bao. 1987 Apr;12(4):25-7.|[Determination of the

content and release in vitro of the suppository of Filifolium sibiricum -

Article in Chinese]|Wang JM.|||PMID: 2964286 [PubMed - indexed for

MEDLINE]

 

Zhongguo Zhong Xi Yi Jie He Za Zhi. 2002 Mar;22(3):213-4.|[Clinical

observation on gianlietong suppository in treating chronic prostatitis -

Article in Chinese]|Pan Q, He DC, Xing LB.|Publication Types: Clinical

Trial Randomized Controlled Trial||PMID: 12585111 [PubMed - indexed

for MEDLINE]

 

Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 1995 May;20(5):285-6, 319.|[Analysis of

poisonous trace elements in huangwu gongmitai - Article in

Chinese]|Zhu T, You J, Zhang Z.|Guanganmen Hospital, China

Academy of TCM, Beijing.|A comparative study was made on the

dissolved amount of poisonous trace elements mercury and arsenic

contained in hydrargyri subchloridum and realgar of gynecological

suppository in artificially simulated vaginal acid-base liquid with that

contained in hydrargyri subchloridum and realgar in artificial gastric juice

stipulated in Pharmacopeia of China. The result shows that the

dissolved amount of mercury and arsenic contained in the suppository is

much smaller than that stipulated in Pharmacopeia for oral

administration.|PMID: 7492359 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2000 Apr;25(4):233-8.|[A pharmacological

study on suppository for anti-prostatis - Article in Chinese]|Sun MG, Jia

YS, Li J, Yang W, Xu SJ.|Institute of Basic Theory, China Academy of

TCM, Beijing 100700, China.|OBJECTIVE: To approach the

pharmacological mechanism of the suppository for anti-prostatis (SAP).

METHOD: Investigating the inflammation of prostate in rat models with

bacterial and nonbacterial prostatis induced by colonbacillus and " Xiao

Zhi Ling " , as well as the change of theology in the rat model with acute

blood stasis. Several tests on anti-inflammation, analgesia and

bacteriostasis were conducted. RESULT AND CONCLUSION: SAP

could restrain the inflammation of prostate and resume its secretion

obviously. It is very effective for anti-inflammation, analgesia and

bacteriostasis, and also helps improve the change of theology in rats

with blood stasis.|PMID: 12512442 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi. 1996 Apr;31(4):229-31. |[Clinical analysis

of bacterial vaginosis in 76 cases - Article in Chinese]|Yu X, Weng L,

Song X.|Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital University of Medical

Science.|OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical manifestation and treatment

of bacterial vaginosis (BV). METHODS: The criteria used for diagnosis

were the presence of clue cells by wet mount slide or gram stain, plus at

least 2 of the following 3 signs and symptoms: (1) vaginal discharge with

pH > 4.5; (2) an increased thin homogeneous vaginal discharge; (3)

positive amine test. From 1994, 1 to 1995, 3, a total of 76 cases with BV

who had good follow up were diagnosed and treated by Kejunning (a

combination of chinese traditional herb medicine), Shuangzuotai

(combined metronidazole vaginal suppository), metronidazole, etc.

RESULTS: For BV, the presence of clue cells is a prerequisite for

diagnosis. Vaginal discharge with pH > 4.5 and positive amine test were

present in all the cases. Increased white thin homogeneous vaginal fluid

were found in 96.1% (73/76) of the cases. 79.0% of the patients

complained of fishy odor vaginal discharge. Treatment with antibiotics or

Shuangzuotai were effective. Kejunning had a cure rate of 70.0% one

month after treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The detection of clue cell is an

important diagnostic criterion. Besides metronidazole, Kejunning had a

good result for the treatment of BV as well.|PMID: 8758780 [PubMed -

indexed for MEDLINE]

 

Zhonghua Shi Yan He Lin Chuang Bing Du Xue Za Zhi. 1998

Sep;12(3):269-71.|[study on the anti-herpes simplex virus activity of a

suppository or ointment form of Astragalus membranaceus combined

with interferon alpha 2b in human diploid cell culture - Article in

Chinese]|Zhang L, Liu Y, Yu Z.|Biotech Center for New Pharmaceutical

Development, Chinese Academy of Preventive Medicine, State Key

Laboratory for Molecular Virology and Genetic Engineering, Beijing

100052.|A study on the anti-herpes simplex virus activity of the

suppository or ointment form of Astragalus membranaceus(AM)

combined with recombinant human interferon alpha 2b(IFN) was carried

out in human diploid cell culture. AM is a Chinese herb medicine and

have been used in China as a tonic for thousands of years and the IFN

was produced from E. coli with 95% purity. Obtained results indicated

that the placebo suppository and ointment(without AM and IFN) seemed

not to decrease markedly the anti-viral activity of IFN in WISH/VSV

assay system. The anti-herpes simplex virus activities of suppository

and ointment forms of AM and IFN were shown to be significantly higher

than that of IFN alone. It is well known that chronic cervicitis is closely

related to papillomavirus, cytomegalovirus as well as herpes virus

infections. The AM-IFN suppository is suggested to be used in the

treatment of cervicitis and the ointment in the treatment of skin

herpes.|PMID: 12526333 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

 

Best regards,

 

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