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Today for you 33 new articles about earth's trees! (344th edition)

Subscribe / send blank email to:

earthtreenews-

Weblog: http://olyecology.livejournal.com

 

--British Columbia: 1) Mass wood waste with no limits is the most

profitable policy, 2) Two gov bills explained, 3) Save interior forest

with 2,000 year old trees, 4) Good industry PR in forcing Lab-bred

Marmots to survive amid giant clearcuts,

--Washington: 5) Tree Cutting thieves in Kitsap county, 6) Salvage

logging comments,

--South Dakota: 7) 40,000 acres of logging and burning,

--Illinois: 8) Starving rock park, 9) Neighbors want to save trees

from stormwater project,

--Maine: 11) Stats about Pulp and Paper's decline

--USA: 12) Harvesting harvest residues depletes soil's carbon,

--UK: 13) Savernake Forest in Wiltshire,

--Congo: 14) French Environment Minister Jean-Louis Borloo is expected to visit

--Mexico: 15) Impacts of the loss of key pollinators and seed dispersers

--Brazil: 16) New Eco-minister makes lotsa promises, 17) Don't dam

Xingu river, 18) How politicians use eco-concerns to eliminate

landowners that don't bribe them enough, 19) Remembering Marina Silva,

--Guyana: 20) Harrison Ford flakes on forest protection, 21) President

excuses H. Ford,

--Malaysia: 22) Restoring 237,000ha of destroyed Ulu Segama and Malua

forest reserves

--Indonesia: 23) We don't need a logging ban, we just need you to buy

our carbon credits

--New Zealand: 24) More on the Blue Lake campaign, 25) Forest to farm

conversions

--Australia: 26) Gov-Industry fudge numbers to make turn more trees to

stumps, 27) Tassie Devil upgraded to endangered,

--Tropical Forests: 28) A Plan to save tropical forests, 29) One day's

logging equal to?

--World-wide: 30) Stop GE trees, 31) Who protects, who devours: Can't

tell? 32) Of course it's not tree cutters who kill people because of

landslides: it's the rain's fault! 33) More on GE trees,

 

British Columbia:

 

1) Art Warner unclips a measuring tape from his belt and scales up the

towering burn pile. The log is five feet long and 30 inches across.

Clumped amid the landing pile from a winter logging operation are

similar cedar butts as well as discarded fir logs, nearly as large. In

an industry that is suffering its worst-ever downturn, the market for

cedar contained in the valley's lowland wetbelt is a corporate life

preserver, keeping companies such as Gilbert Smith Forest Products and

International Forest Products afloat last winter. " It's gold, " said

Warner, who lives in the valley and has been involved in the logging

industry most of his adult life. But Warner and another local property

owner, Brian Dack, are concerned logging companies are focusing

heavily on a tiny area, taking the cream of the valley — its best

cedar — and burning up the rest due to a lack of accountability to

government and taxpayers. Warner and Dack say the timber going up in

smoke has greater importance than keeping sawmills running a few weeks

longer or propping up bottom lines. It allows companies to chew

through more timber in future because the waste is not included in

their volumes calculated by the province's chief forester. The heavy

logging in a small, high-value area has also altered patterns of

wildlife, particularly moose, the residents say. " We're not against

the logging. It's just the waste, " Warner said. " It breaks down to

what's cheapest for the licencee, not what's best. " The waste, burned

in piles — which can be hidden by operators and covered by limbs and

tops — also includes five-foot fir logs. Warner said lack of

government oversight allows companies to process trees for more

valuable fir " peelers " that can be made into plywood rather than using

more of the tree for sawlogs. " The better price comes from cutting

that butt off, " Warner said. " If there's no obligation to take it, why

would you? " He said government foresters are letting waste go

unassessed in pine beetle areas so companies can log and areas can be

reforested. " This can be 40 per cent of the volume. Government is

turning a blind eye. It's a land clearing operation. " But that same

relaxed stance is not suitable in high-value stands. By Warner's rough

estimate the equivalent 12,000 board feet of fir flooring, enough to

cover every floor surface in three or four houses, was burned in four

piles here from the winter logging. He also said no entrepreneur would

be allowed to salvage the material because the calculation would drive

up company costs and lower future cut. http://www.kamloopsnews.ca/

 

2) On the Resource Road Act (Bill 30) – this is the government's

feeble attempt to respond to reports done by the Forest Practices

Board (2006), the Auditor-General's report on Forest Safety (2008),

the Forest Safety Ombudsman's report on Resource Roads, and two

Coroner's Reports. However, because of the way the Act is designed –

requiring less government involvement rather than more as was

recommended and potentially privatizing BC's forest and wilderness

roads – and because the government did not thoroughly consult widely,

this Bill has been virtually universally rejected. This backlash and

the Opposition's pressure against this piece of legislation has caused

the government to pull back this Bill. It has been postponed until a

potential Fall session, and likely will be dropped from the Order

Paper completely. If you're interested, I have attached the link to

the Bill 30. The Bioenergy tenure embedded in Bill 31 is part of one

of the government's many empty climate change Bills we've seen this

session. It would create a new form of tenure for wood waste and

standing timber for entities that have a contract with BC Hydro for

power generated from biomass. This tenure is necessary to allow the

government to undertake the second call for bioenergy thru BC Hydro –

we are still awaiting the results of the first call which was for

existing tenure holders. It is also being done to show that the

government is following through with its contention that Bioenergy

will save the forest industry and help address climate change.

However, we have significant concerns with how this is being done, and

if we ever get to committee stage of debate on this Bill, we will

raise the questions of how this is going to work in reality, because

if done improperly it could actually be worse for the existing

industry, for our forests, for our air quality and for the overall GHG

emissions from BC. Here is the link to that Bill, Bill 31:

http://www.leg.bc.ca/38th4th/1st_read/gov31-1.htm

 

3) Prof. Darwyn Coxson of the University of Northern British Columbia

said some trees in the Ancient Forest Trail are up to 2,000 years old.

He said the unique inland rain forest ecosystem is created by extreme

snowfall and fed by a well-stocked watershed that mimics a coastal

climate. Mr. Bell, a forestry worker before going into politics, said

that he had logged some of the cedar-hemlock stands in the region. He

said the government considers the rain forest a " very important

eco-type in the province and something we've been looking at very

closely. " The report, he added, came out just as his department was

finalizing a plan that would allow the harvesting of spruce, balsam

and fir in many of these areas while protecting the cedar-hemlock

stands. It would, he said, cover about 5,000 hectares of the

cedar-hemlock rain forest at different sites in the region. " I think

that [the report] was, perhaps, a bit presumptuous in the sense that

it really hasn't adequately reviewed the direction that we are going

to take, " he said. Mr. Bell said the government hopes to announce its

plan by early summer. " It was prudent to ... ensure that we maintained

the maximum possible harvest levels, particularly of spruce, balsam

and fir throughout the region, " he said. Dave King, representing the

Prince George Backcountry Recreation Society, was one of the people

behind the original complaint. " We've never been really happy with the

management plans for the Interior cedar forests put forth through the

Ministry of Forests, " he said. " We knew that a new timber supply

review was in progress last year, recalculating what the allowable

cuts would be. And we thought it was very timely that we file a

complaint. " There is the potential that it could be logged and that is

not pleasing. We would like some higher level of protection. " Another

complainant, Hugh Perkins, said limited mechanized harvesting could

not be done in the area without serious damage to the rain forest's

biodiversity. " That's my opinion as a logger and a forester. We need

to get a long-term comprehensive strategy on how to conserve this

ecosystem, one that doesn't have a lot of loopholes to let industry

drive trucks through it. We need these unique stand areas mapped and

protected, " he said.

http://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/LAC.20080521.BCTREE21/TPStory/Envir\

onment

 

4) The Marmot Recovery Foundation is a unique partnership among

government, industry and the public sharing the costs of recovering

the species. The Vancouver Island marmot, about the size of a large

house cat, is considered a distinct species. The ultimate goal of the

recovery program is to have 400-600 animals surviving in three main

populations of smaller colonies on the island. " It's taken a great

deal of effort but we are seeing signs of a comeback for the Vancouver

Island marmot population, " Penner said. " This good news has been made

possible with the help of dedicated groups such as the Marmot Recovery

Foundation, the public, ministry staff and some public-minded

corporations. " Penner took part in the release of two groups of

marmots into historic marmot habitat in sub-alpine areas of Strathcona

Park last August. Between 55 and 60 captive-bred marmots are scheduled

for release this summer. A breeding program saw 60 pups born in

captivity in 2007 at breeding centres across Canada but numbers in the

wild remain a challenge. Only three litters were born in the wild in

2007. While it's still too early to know, at least six litters are

anticipated to be born in the wild this year and 50-60 are expected to

be born in captivity. From a combined low of approximately 80 animals

in 1998, there are now approximately 256 animals, 162 in captivity and

94 in the wild. Predation is the largest cause of failure in the wild,

and several non-lethal approaches are being tried to protect the

marmots from predators with mixed results. Shepherding, collaring,

relocation, fencing and playing recorded sounds are among the methods

used to ward off the cougars, wolves and golden eagles that prey on

the mammals. " Stabilizing the population of the Vancouver Island

marmot has been a real challenge, " said Victoria Jackson, executive

director of the Marmot Recovery Foundation. http://www.marmots.org

 

Washington:

 

5) Tree-cutting thieves laid waste to numerous large, aging maple

trees on public property this week — presumably to cash in on valuable

" figured " maple used to make musical instruments. Law enforcement

caught two men allegedly involved in separate incidents of theft at

the Kitsap County Fairgrounds in Central Kitsap and within the

Bremerton watershed near Gorst. Because of the value of the rare

maples, both men were charged with felonies. They are Mark Douglas

McCoy, 42, who was arrested during an incident early Monday morning at

the fairgrounds, and Donny Raymond Seamans, 48, who was arrested in a

separate incident Tuesday evening within the Bremerton watershed. Two

old maples, one nearly four feet across, were cut down at the

fairgrounds. County parks officials have valued the figured maple wood

at $25,000. " I am sick over the loss of those trees, " said Chip Faver,

director of Kitsap County Parks and Recreation. " This is something

stolen from our entire community, and it's something we can't replace

in 100 years. This is not a petty crime like somebody stealing a TV

set. The entire community should be genuinely angry about this. "

Meanwhile, in recent days, between 20 and 30 old maple trees have been

removed from the Bremerton watershed, according to Bremerton Public

Works Director Phil Williams. The trees are valued at more than

$10,000, according to preliminary estimates. " These are beautiful

mature maple trees that provide shade to Anderson Creek, " Williams

said. " They (the thieves) just whacked them down into the creek. As a

manager of publicly owned assets, the thought that some idiot can walk

in somehow think that this is OK makes me angry. " Whether this week's

incidents mark the beginning of a new rash of maple thefts in Kitsap

County is hard to say, because similar incidents have occurred over

the past few years, according to Deputy Scott Wilson, spokesman for

the Kitsap County Sheriff's Office.

http://www.kitsapsun.com/news/2008/may/21/thieves-cut-down-maples-in-search-of-r\

are-wood/

 

6) In our ERC mailbox we got some lovely letters from the Forest

Service on proposed salvage logging operations. You can find the

minimal and vague letters of intent at the Olympic National Forest

website: http://www.fs.fed.us/r6/olympic/projects-nu/ There are two

specific timber harvests that have public comment coming to an end

soon MAY 24th!!! The first one is the Snow Creek Salvage Proposal and

the second is the Cook Creek Salvage and Thinning Proposal links to

the proposal letters are at the link above, just scroll down to the

named proposal. I wrote a letter back to Dale Hom who is the regional

Forest Supervisor and Jason Jeffcoat who is the proposal's project

leader. Since he asked for the ERC's input below is the first draft of

the letter I wrote. Please let me know what you want to be added or

changed or if there are any typos because I am addressing him as the

ERC and would like consensus over if thats what the group wants. You

should all write your own letters too. Public comments are easy and

somewhat effective when in numbers. If Dale sees that there is going

to be opposition from fiery college students it may sway him to at

least do an Environmental Assessment and an Environmental Impact

Statement which would mean more public oversight which would mean a

smaller chance of the proposal going through since salvage harvests

are time dependent (the would becomes less economically viable

overtime) and unpopular in the general public. That at it is in a high

risk riparian zone on a salmon bearing river. Some talking points

should you choose to write a letter: 1) Salvage logging has an

overwhelming and near complete negative effect on forest complexity

and regeneration (just google effects of salvage logging for more

details) 2) the proposal should not be put in a categorical loophole

that allows for minimal public oversight and no EA (environmental

assessment) or EIS (environmental impact statement). 3) the proposal

runs counter to the goals of Adaptive Management Areas (AMA's) and

Riparian Reserves (see my letter below) PLEASE take the 10 or so

minutes to write a comment letter! SEND LETTERS TO: Jason Jeffcoat

1835 Black Lake Blvd. SW Suite A Olympia WA 98512 OR EMAIL:

comments-pacificnorthwest-olympic-hoodcanal

 

 

South Dakota:

 

7) The U.S. Forest Service plans to log, thin and burn trees on nearly

40,000 acres west and south of Hill City to reduce wildfire danger and

to battle a mountain pine beetle outbreak. Mystic District Ranger

Robert Thompson on Wednesday announced the release of the Final

Environmental Impact Statement for the Upper Spring Creek Project.

Work could begin in late July. The Forest Service's preferred plan

calls for commercial logging and non-commercial thinning on about

27,000 acres of National Forest System lands and prescribed burning on

14,200 acres. Some of the areas overlap because prescribed burning

would be done as a follow-up, in cases, to the logging and thinning,

according to Katie Van Alstyne, natural resource planner with the

Mystic Ranger District based in Rapid City. Treatments also would

include creating fuel break corridors, removing some of the larger

trees to regenerate smaller diameter trees below, and removing pine

from meadows and from in and around aspen stands. Aspen stands and

meadows are natural fuel breaks, Van Alstyne said. The project is one

of a series of projects throughout the Black Hills National Forest to

reduce the impact of wildfire by eliminating heavy fuels. One such

project, the Mitchell Project, is under way between Hill City and

Keystone, Van Alstyne said.

http://www.rapidcityjournal.com/articles/2008/05/21/news/top/doc4834ac61d608b847\

480657.txt

 

Illinois:

 

8) This area has been home to humans from as early as 8000 B.C.

Hopewellian, Woodland and Mississippian Native American cultures

thrived here. The most recent and probably the most numerous group of

Native Americans to live here was the Illiniwek, from the 1500s to the

1700s. Approximately 5,000 to 7,000 Kaskaskias, a subtribe of the

Illiniwek, had a village extending along the bank of the Illinois

River across from the current park. In 1673, French explorers Louis

Jolliet and Father Jacques Marquette passed through here on their way

up the Illinois from the Mississippi. Known as " Pere, " the French word

for " Father, " Marquette returned two years later to found the Mission

of the Immaculate Conception-Illinois' first Christian mission-at the

Kaskaskia Indian village. When the French claimed the region (and,

indeed, the entire Mississippi Valley), they built Fort St. Louis atop

Starved Rock in the winter of 1682-83 because of its commanding

strategic position above the last rapids on the Illinois River.

Pressured from small war parties of Iroquois in the French and Indian

wars, the French abandoned the fort by the early 1700s and retreated

to what is now Peoria, where they established Fort Pimitoui. Fort St.

Louis became a haven for traders and trappers, but by 1720 all remains

of the fort had disappeared. Starved Rock State Park derives its name

from a Native American legend of injustice and retribution. In the

1760s, Pontiac, chief of the Ottawa tribe upriver from here, was slain

by an Illiniwek while attending a tribal council in southern Illinois.

According to the legend, during one of the battles that subsequently

occurred to avenge his killing, a band of Illiniwek, under attack by a

band of Potawatomi (allies of the Ottawa), sought refuge atop a

125-foot sandstone butte. The Ottawa and Potawatomi surrounded the

bluff and held their ground until the hapless Illiniwek died of

starvation- giving rise to the name " Starved Rock. " The Illinois State

Parks Commission was initially headquartered in Starved Rock State

Park after the park was purchased in 1911.

http://illinoisreviewer.blogspot.com/2008/05/starved-rock-state-park.html

 

9) Despite the roughly 100 Glen Ellyn residents that expressed their

discontent with the village and park district's plan to cut down 340

trees for a flood control project, the plan is expected to go forward.

Glen Ellyn leaders will move forward with a flood control project at

Ackerman Park that entails cutting down 340 trees, despite much outcry

from residents opposed to the project. Tuesday night, about 100

residents attended Glen Ellyn Park District's board meeting and urged

them to reconsider the project. Passionate people against the project

wore " Save Ackerman " stickers and brought in signs representing their

views. Residents also recently presented a petition that had more than

1,000 signatures of residents against the project, and Glenbard West

High School students also collected about 270 signatures of teens in

opposition to the plan. Still, park district officials reiterated

again they'll move forward with the project.In an opening statement

Tuesday night, Glen Ellyn Park District President Bill Taylor said the

board had no plans to debate the issue. He also said it would be

fiscally irresponsible for the park district to pass by the storm

water opportunity. " The board is moving forward with the project as

scheduled, " he said. " The Glen Ellyn (park district) board will have

to agree to disagree with residents. "

http://www.dailyherald.com/story/?id=194655

 

Maine:

 

11) Once the king of Maine's economy, the paper and pulp industry's

transformation over the last 30 years has led to a perception that it

is dying a slow death in the Pine Tree State. But don't write that

obituary just yet. High-profile mill closings and paper company sales

in recent years might suggest that in Maine, the industry is playing

out its end game, perhaps in anticipation of consolidating in the

South. While it's true that the industry's golden age here may have

ended in the late 1970s, the paper industry in Maine and nationwide is

still successful, though under a different business paradigm. Or

course, the paper industry has seen its share of curveballs over the

last 30 years. The Clean Water Act and other regulations ended the use

of rivers to move pulp to mills and eliminated a cheap, though

unconscionable, means of disposing of waste. NAFTA brought cheaper

Canadian pulp imports, blessing buyers but cursing harvesters. Workers

compensation reform eased some costs, as did technological advances

that allowed clear-cutting several acres in a day. A reaction by

environmentalists, and much of the public, changed the controversial

harvesting practice. In the last decade, sweeping changes in land and

mill ownership came. Some mills closed, then reopened with vastly

fewer jobs. After Plum Creek landed in Maine, it introduced a business

model not seen here before: marketing timberlands for housing and

recreation. More changes are likely, as the Northeast looks to Maine's

abundant forests to ease reliance on fossil fuels. Fewer jobs in Maine

mills is not a great outcome. Forty years ago, many Mainers had a

relative, neighbor or friend who worked at the local mill, pulling

down a good paycheck. According to the Maine State Planning Office, in

2006, 17,800 jobs in Maine were in forest products businesses, just

2.9 percent of employment, compared with 9.7 percent in leisure and

hospitality businesses. According to The Center for Paper Business and

Industry Studies, pulp and paper ranks among the top 10 employers in

43 states, but beginning in the 1970s, the industry began relying less

on " the craft knowledge of skilled operators, " and instead used

computer-operated, automated paper-making equipment. Commissioner

Richardson said the nature of the jobs has changed, with engineering

and computer expertise now valued; as a result, salaries are up to the

$50,000-$60,000 range.

http://www.bangornews.com/news/t/viewpoints.aspx?articleid=164516 & zoneid=34

 

USA:

 

 

12) The use of harvest residues for energy production decreases soil

carbon stocks. These changes in soil carbon stocks are remarkable

compared to the other greenhouse gas emissions caused by the use of

forest residues for energy. On a national scale, soil carbon stocks

play an important role in forest carbon balances. Changes in soil

carbon stock need to be assessed reliably and transparently because we

need more information on the effects of climate change and forest

management on soil carbon. This is also stressed by climate

conventions which have set practical reporting requirements for

changes in soil carbon stock. The large spatial variability of soil

carbon goes together with relatively slow changes in stocks, which, in

turn, hinders the assessment of soil carbon stocks and their changes

by direct measurements. Models therefore widely serve to estimate

carbon stocks and stock changes in soils. A recent doctoral thesis

developed and tested the soil carbon model YASSO for upland forest

soils. The model was aimed to take into account the most important

processes controlling the decomposition in soils, yet remain simple

enough to ensure its practical applicability in different

applications. The model was applied to study the effects of

intensified biomass extraction on the forest carbon balance, to

estimate the effects of soil carbon deficit on net greenhouse gas

emissions of energy use of forest residues and to assess the national

scale forest carbon balance for Finland's forests. YASSO managed to

describe sufficiently the effects of both the variable litter and

climatic conditions on decomposition. When combined with the stand

models or other systems providing litter information, the dynamic

approach of the model proved to be powerful for estimating changes in

soil carbon stocks on different scales.

http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2008/05/080520211441.htm

 

UK:

 

13) Marlborough Parish Council and the Forestry Commission have joined

forces to show off the wonderful heritage of Savernake Forest in

Wiltshire. A novel pop-up map highlights the spectacular veteran trees

of this ancient forest. Visitors can leisurely wend their way without

fear of getting lost while learning more about the history of these

'old men' of the forest. Joan Davis, Chairman of Savernake Parish

Council says, " I hope that this will add to the enjoyment and

appreciation of visitors to this very special ancient forest " .

Savernake Forest is set in an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty,

giving it a star quality amongst woodlands. Most of the Forest has the

status of being a Site of Special Scientific Interest, due to its

internationally rare concentrations of ancient tees, making it an

inspiring visit all around for everyone. During the Eighteenth Century

Savernake and Tottenham Park were laid out with avenues of beech, oak

and sweet chestnut, but even as far back as Henry VII's time,

Savernake was known for its aged trees. Ben Lennon, Planning and

Environment Manager at the Forestry Commission said: " We think a

number of the large oaks probably extend back to the medieval period,

when Savernake was a royal forest. A handful of trees near old

boundaries appear to be much older still and possibly date back to the

Anglo-Saxon period, although dating them is very difficult. " Visitors

to the forest in recent times will see that clearance work has been

under-taken to give ancient forest treasures more room to spread out,

by removing competing younger trees. The added benefit of this is that

visitors will now have the chance of being enchanted for centuries to

come.

http://www.forestry.gov.uk/newsrele.nsf/AllByUNID/0085F5A1DEA0A7908025744B004D7A\

97

 

Congo:

 

14) French Environment Minister Jean- Louis Borloo is expected to

visit the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and the neighboring

Republic of Congo from May 22 to 25 to drum up support for region-wide

conservation efforts. " The visit will be mainly focused on the

preservation of biodiversity in the region, " DRC's Environment

Minister Jose Endundo told reporters Tuesday, noting that the region

was host to the Congo basin, where the second biggest tropical rain

forest in the world is located. The French environment minister is

expected in Kinshasa Thursday afternoon, where he is scheduled to have

a meeting with senior government officials, notably President Joseph

Kabila, Endundo said. Owing to the fears that have been expressed by

the international scientific community over the specter of global

warming and climate change, the Congo basin and the Amazon, which have

been touted by experts as natural carbon sinks, have become the focus

of the global efforts to curb environmental degradation. On Friday,

the French minister is set to travel to Mbandaka, the capital of

northwestern Ecuador Province, " to visit forestry project and inspect

an information center that seeks to promote sustainable logging, "

according to a statement issued by the French Embassy to DRC. After

returning to Kinshasa later in the evening, the minister, together

with Endundo, is scheduled to sign " a joint statement on sustainable

development, " according to the embassy statement. On Saturday, Borloo

is to visit a water treatment plant in the eastern part of Kinshasa,

before leaving the city to visit an agro- forestry project in Mampu

followed by tour of Bombo Lumene, a hunting reserve, about 150 km from

the capital. The visit, the first by Borloo to the DRC, is coming only

a few weeks from the commencement of a government exercise to review

forest title deeds. The review will lead either to the validation of

existing deeds, which will be converted into concessions, or their

cancellation if they are deemed illegal, according to reliable

sources. More than 20 million hectares or one quarter of the

harvestable forest area in the country will be affected by the

exercise, said one government official, adding that " over 156 title

deeds will be covered. "

http://www.redorbit.com/news/science/1396054/french_environment_minister_heads_t\

o_kinshasa_bra

zzaville/

 

Mexico:

 

15) Studying plant and animal interaction in the forests of southern

Mexico's Los Tuxtlas, Dirzo has seen firsthand some of the impacts of

the loss of key pollinators and seed dispersers. " When you have the

situation that the mammals are not present you don't even notice it,

since most mammals are secretive or nocturnal. You tend to think that

these forests are in good shape but overlook the fact that something

very significant, the fauna, is missing. The absence of these animals

indirectly affects the ecology of the forest, " he explained. Loss of

wildlife is a subtle but growing threat to tropical forests, says a

leading plant ecologist from Stanford University. Speaking in an

interview with mongabay.com, Dr. Rodolfo Dirzo says that the

disappearance of wildlife due to overexploitation, fragmentation, and

habitat degradation is causing ecological changes in some of the

world's most biodiverse tropical forests. He ranks defaunation — as he

terms the ongoing biological impoverishment of forests — as one of the

world's most significant global changes, on par with environmental

changes like global warming, deforestation, and shifts in the nitrogen

cycle. " Climate change is very important and well-known form of

change, but there are others, including land use change [and]

fragmentation " he said. " Those environmental changes affect

biodiversity quite significantly. Of all the global environmental

changes, the most critical is biological extinction, " he continued.

" For one thing, biological extinction is the only irreversible global

environmental change that we can think of. Climatic change, given time

and willingness on behalf of governments and society, is something we

can fix. It will take time but is reversible. "

http://news.mongabay.com/2008/0520-interview_dirzo.html

 

Brazil:

 

16) The new Environment minister of Brazil pledged Monday, May 19, to

aggressively fight illegal logging and deforestation in the Amazon

rain forest. Former Rio de Janeiro state Environment Secretary, Carlos

Minc, is expected to take the post on May 27. Minc insisted that

anti-logging measures " will be maintained and reinforced. " He

announced plans to use soldiers to protect the environment and vowed

to implement a " zero deforestation " program. He gave no further

details. Former minister Silva who was very much respected by

environmentalist groups, had criticized Brazilian President Luiz

Inácio Lula da Silva's administration failure to provide sustainable

alternatives to illegal logging. Her resignation left many

environmentalists worried that illegal loggers might more often be

left to do as they please. Minc said on Sunday that he would propose

President Lula da Silva making Brazil's armed forces play a more

active role in protecting national parks, Indian reserves and the

Amazon rain forest. He promised that the Amazon " will not be converted

into charcoal " and promised to continue with the " same policies that

the former minister Marina Silva had insisted. We will also do many

other things that she was unable to accomplish and that we now have

the conditions to fulfill. " The appointed minister is co-founder of

the Green Party in Brazil and currently Rio de Janeiro state's

Environment secretary. http://www.brazzilmag.com/content/view/9341/

 

17) BRASILIA - The construction of a proposed dam on Brazil's Xingu

river will flood homes of 16,000 people, dry rivers and fuel logging,

activists and tribal Indians warned on Wednesday as concern over

Amazon destruction rises. The resignation last week of Environment

Minister Marina Silva, widely seen as a guardian of the world's

largest rain forest, has spurred concerns that Brazil's government

will accelerate roads, pipelines and power plants in the region to

fuel its fast-growing economy. The Belo Monte dam, under the auspices

of state power company Eletrobras, would be one of the world's largest

hydroelectric power plants, after China's Three Gorges and the Itaipu

dam shared by Brazil and Paraguay. More than 1,000 environmentalists

and tribal Indians gathered this week in the town of Altamira in the

northern state of Para to protest against the dam and discuss

alternatives. An Eletrobras official, Paulo Fernando Rezende, was

injured and temporarily hospitalized on Monday in a skirmish with

Kayapo Indians armed with clubs and machetes who had started a war

dance in response to his upbeat presentation. In 1989, an Indian

protest forced a similar dam project to be abandoned. Then, pictures

of a Kayapo Indian woman holding the blade of her machete to the face

of today's Eletrobras president figured prominently in local and

foreign media. The Belo Monte reservoir would flood around 440 square

km (170 square miles) and divert part of the Xingu, which flows north

to the Amazon river. Residents fear their source of fish and water is

endangered and say construction and new roads will draw more settlers

and farmers, accelerating deforestation. " Roads, buildings, service

companies -- like most big projects in the Amazon, the dam will bring

much destruction and little benefit for residents, " said Ana Paulo

Santos Souza of the group Foundation Live, Produce and Protect. The

last major dams built in the Amazon in the 1970s -- Tucuruvi and

Balbina -- caused food shortages and dead rivers and displaced

thousands of people, the environmental group ISA said. Critics say the

government is ignoring conservation concerns about the project. Silva,

a former activist in the Amazon, had been increasingly isolated in the

government over her opposition to big infrastructure projects in the

region. " This government sees environmental licensing as a mere

bureaucratic process. They don't really care what the impact study

shows, " Marco Antonio Delfino, an Altamira public prosecutor, told

Reuters by telephone.

http://www.reuters.com/articlePrint?articleId=USN2032286320080521

 

18) Brazil's environmental agency Ibama said on Tuesday it seized some

4,740 tonnes of soy, corn and rice grown on illegally deforested land

in the Amazon as the country struggles with its environmental image

abroad. Brazil's farming, biofuels and ranching sectors, Latin

America's largest, have come under fire, especially in Europe, for

unregulated expansion at the cost of the environment, particularly in

the Amazon. The European Union has been pushing to limit imports of

commodities such as biofuels from Brazil on the grounds of

sustainability. The government and large farming interests in Brazil

have begun to realize the importance of public relations in trade and

are investing to improve the country's environmental, sanitary and

labor image abroad. " The seizure is a milestone in the battle against

deforestation, since it hits exactly at the activities that stimulate

environmental crime, " Leandro Aranha, the coordinator of inspection at

Ibama in the northern state of Para, in the lower Amazon Basin, said.

Very little of Brazil's grains and biofuels production occurs anywhere

near the Amazon, but the price of beef has risen to levels that makes

ranching in the Amazon profitable. Loggers, shadowy real estate

companies and squatters account for most of the illegal deforestation

in the region. Aranha said agents took over the fields of a farm in

the southeast of Para state. Although the owner of 500 hectares (1,235

acres) in the town of Dom Eliseu had previously been fined for illegal

deforestation, a second inspection showed crops were planted there.

The owner was fined an additional 8 million reais ($4.8 million),

Aranha said. The fields that are beginning to harvest contain 1,740

tonnes of soy, 2,640 tonnes of corn and 360 tonnes of rice, Aranha

estimated. The owner has 20 days to present his appeal in defense

against the fine. The seized soy, corn and rice may go toward the

government's Zero Hunger program that subsidizes food for Brazil's

poor. http://uk.reuters.com/article/environmentNews/idUKN2031945620080520

 

19) Marina Silva will never forget the day the bulldozers rolled up on

her family's doorstep. It was the beginning of the 1970s and in the

isolated Amazon community of Bagaço, where she was born, Silva, then

about 12, looked on curiously as work began on a major highway to link

the Brazilian rainforest with the rest of the country. Shortly

afterwards, her relatives began to die. First two younger sisters,

then her uncle and finally her cousin: all victims of a malaria

epidemic imported by the road builders. " I don't know if I was

conscious that the road was bringing all that, but it made me write on

my own flesh the consequences of what it meant to mess around with

nature without giving the slightest attention to the need to look

after it, " she remembers.Fast-forward to January 2003. Following the

historic election of Brazil's first working-class president, Luiz

Inácio Lula da Silva, Marina Silva was named the environment minister

of South America's largest country, thrusting this former rubber

tapper, who was virtually illiterate until her teens, on to the front

line of Brazil's battle against deforestation - and of the global

fight against climate change. Environmental groups rejoiced at her

nomination. She was a woman from the forest, who understood the

dangers inherent in destroying it. Last Tuesday, however, the

fairytale came to an abrupt end. After just over five years as

environment minister, Silva resigned following a succession of

acrimonious disputes with fellow ministers and businessmen who accused

her of stalling major development projects in the Amazon and hindering

the Brazilian economy. In her short resignation letter, Silva cited

" the growing resistance found by our team in important sectors of the

government and society " .

http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2008/may/22/forests.conservation

 

Guyana:

 

 

20) If there's a man you can trust to do whatever it takes to secure

the world's most sacred treasures -- dodge boulders, solve riddles,

beat up Nazis with candlesticks, etc -- it's Indiana Jones. However,

the archaeologist-turned-action-hero isn't doing much for one of the

planet's most precious resources -- trees. Just last week Harrison

Ford, the man behind the world-famous treasure hunter, was ripping out

his chest hair on national television -- trying, in a weird way, to

raise awareness about how painful deforestation is for mankind (get

it? Painful -- just like tearing out your short and curlies). Anyway,

it turns out Ford's philanthropic efforts have been derailed by his

duties to Indiana Jones. The actor was supposed to appear at a press

conference earlier today to formerly announce the initiative his

newly-waxed chest was promoting -- " Lost There, Felt Here, " a campaign

by Conservation International that's attempting to pay countries that

have large rain forest populations (like Guyana), to keep their trees.

However, due to his promotional efforts for the new movie, Harrison

was a no-show at the press conference, and Bharrat Jagdeo, the

president of Guyana, had to speak on his behalf. However, despite

being incredibly disappointed that they were stuck listening to a

boring old president instead of Indiana Jones, the media is still

somehow managing to report that President Jagdeo announced that the

campaign was launching as scheduled.

http://www.greendaily.com/2008/05/20/indiana-jones-contributes-to-deforestation/

 

Malaysia:

 

21) KOTA KINABALU: Some RM100mil will be spent over the next 10 years

to regenerate the Ulu Segama and Malua forest reserves spanning nearly

237,000ha, about 10 times the size of Penang island. Sabah Forestry

Department director Datuk Sam Mannan said the funds, largely sourced

from international contributors, would be used to restore up to

20,000ha of severely degraded forests. " A portion of the funds would go

towards silviculture works covering 40,000ha, such as clearing the

undergrowth to enable young trees to grow, " he said.Earlier, Mannan

represented the Sabah Government in the signing of a memorandum of

understanding with WWF-Malaysia for a 55ha reforestation effort in the

northern part of Ulu Segama forest reserve where logging had ceased

since December 2007. Chief Minister Datuk Musa Aman and Deputy Chief

Ministers Datuk Joseph Pairin Kitingan and Datuk Yahya Hussin

witnessed the event.He said the reforestation efforts at Ulu Segama

and Malua had gained much international attention and United

Kingdom-based retailer Marks & Spencer was the latest contributor,

donating RM170, 000.Other contributors in the Ulu Segama forest

rehabilitation efforts include the Sime Darby group, which is donating

RM25mil over the next five years, and the New Forest group, RM10mil

over the next six years.The WWF would be contributing RM2mil over the

next six months while US-based philanthropist Nancy Abraham donated

US$100,000, the US Government US$20,000 and the Australian Government

RM62, 000.Locally, Yayasan Sabah has set aside RM12.5mil, as seed

money for the forest restoration efforts while the Sabah Government

will be spending RM5mil yearly under the 9th Malaysia Plan.

http://thestar.com.my/news/story.asp?file=/2008/5/21/nation/20080521174206 & sec=n\

ation

 

Indonesia:

 

22) The government called on developed nations to buy carbon credits

from Indonesia, rather than push for a moratorium on forestry

activities. The Forestry Ministry expressed concern over rising calls

from the international community for Indonesia to cease forestry

activities in order to combat climate change. " It would only hamper

our economic development. If the carbon buyers sincerely want to

protect the earth and help Indonesia, they should buy carbon stocks in

protected and conservation forests, " the ministry's director of

forestry production management, Agus Sarsito, told The Jakarta Post on

Friday. He said protected and conservation areas had long been

permanent carbon stores. There are about 40 million hectares of

protected and conservation forests in the country. Agus said the

ministry was also concerned about misplaced enthusiasm from local

administrations for the proposed carbon trading scheme. " Local

administrations should obviously be involved in the project. But there

are misunderstandings about it since the government has not yet drawn

up the details, " he said. " Many local administrators now expect to

make big money by merely selling carbon credits. The carbon buyers

have been very persistent in informing people of the carbon business. "

Carbon trading has flourished since the UN climate change conference

in Bali last December adopted the reduction emissions from

deforestation and degradation in developing countries (REDD)

initiative. The REDD concept is closely tied to the Kyoto Protocol,

which obligates 38 developed countries to reduce their carbon

emissions by about 5 percent by 2012, when the protocol expires. To

meet this target and also maintain economic growth, these countries

may " sell " their carbon to developing countries.

http://redapes.org/news-updates/indonesian-govt-opts-for-carbon-trading-over-hal\

ting-deforesta

tion/

 

 

New Zealand:

 

24) Chris Taylor said the trees 20 years ago were felled " as best we

could'' but there was run-off to the the lake, popularly known as the

Blue Lake. The prospect of further felling in the surrounding lake

area flashed last week with news that Kaingaroa Timberlands, which has

cutting rights, intended to make another cut. Money from the cut would

also be directed to the Government's Superannuation Fund. All

acknowledge that Timberlands is doing nothing illegal, but opponents

fear for the health of the lake and surrounding areas and the effects

it would have as a destination asset. Mr Taylor said 20 years ago

" there was run-off from the hill, because it's steep up in there.''

From an aesthetic perspective, it had been hard to detect where work

had been undertaken. " We just helicoptered the logs from around the

picnic area which is pretty much closed,'' Mr Taylor, now a civil

construction tutor for Trade Education, said. " It made about of a mess

and left a lot of good timber behind.'' Logging took place to the

right of and behind the picnic area in hills to the south-west of the

lake. " They didn't damage any of the walkway or anything.'' Logging

was conducted without public knowledge and " they didn't know what was

going on''. Hundreds of trees were felled " the whole hillside but not

between the track and the lake,'' Mr Taylor said. He said that the

present trees would be among " the biggest Douglas firs in New

Zealand''. Douglas firs can remain healthy for up to 300 years, though

growth does slow over the years. Mr Taylor was against the felling. " I

know it's not New Zealand native bush but it looks pretty neat driving

down into that area,'' he said. " I've seen them in the states and

that's what they look like.''

http://www.stuff.co.nz/bayofplenty/4556838a6014.html

 

25) Scion scientist Dr Peter Beets and self-employed consultant Justin

Ford-Robertson, both recognized for their roles on the Nobel Peace

Prize-winning United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

(IPCC), say forest to farm conversions are harming rather than helping

New Zealand's efforts to control its greenhouse gas emissions. Dr

Beets said the facts could not be argued with. Climate change was

real, was not slowing down and was getting worse and recent forest to

farm conversions could take a large part of the blame. Dr Beets said

he expected global temperatures to become continually hotter in the

foreseeable future and New Zealand was not as clean and green as

people might think. " We should all be worried about climate change,

even moreso if you aren't doing anything about it. " In 2007 global CO2

emissions were at their highest recorded levels recorded and New

Zealand was now producing more CO2 than in 1990, he said. " The main

reason for this imbalance is deforestation. In the 1990s we were

planting about 10,000 hectares of new forest a year compared to about

2000 hectares now. The conversion of forests into dairy farms has a

huge impact on increasing CO2 emissions in New Zealand. " Carbon

dioxide (CO2) is a greenhouse gas, occurring naturally in the earth's

atmosphere. Increased levels of man-made greenhouse gases increase the

surface temperature of the earth, causing sea levels to rise,

increasing extreme weather events like cyclones and changes in

agricultural yields.

http://www.dailypost.co.nz/localnews/storydisplay.cfm?storyid=3773024 & thesection\

=localnews & t

hesubsection= & thesecondsubsection=

 

Australia:

 

26) Australia has 10% less forest than government has believed for the

past five years, prompting fears that forestry agreements and

environmental policy have been based on flawed figures. The revelation

was made in the 2008 State of the Forests Report yesterday, which put

Australia's forestry reserves at 149 million hectares compared with

the 2003 estimate of 164 million hectares. The report, which is

updated every five years, also revealed that reserves of old-growth

forest had declined and that the number of forest species that were

threatened or endangered had risen. Despite publishing a figure 15

million hectares smaller than in 2003, the report said a new method of

calculation could be responsible for the difference, rather than a

reduction in forest. The claim was met with scepticism by some

environmental groups. Greens senator Christine Milne said the

difference undermined numerous aspects of environmental policy. " The

figures on everything have been fudged, all their logging plans and

forest agreements around the country have been based on inaccurate

information, " she said. Australian Conservation Foundation spokesman

Lindsay Hesketh said it was " poor science " not to use the same

measuring methods.

http://www.theage.com.au/news/environment/not-seeing-the-forest-for-the-133-math\

s/2008/05/21/1

211182895826.html

 

27) The decision to upgrade the Tasmanian devil's status from

vulnerable to endangered at the state level follows the failure to

stem the spread of the deadly facial tumour disease. National

endangered listing is also likely, after Environment Minister Peter

Garrett yesterday said he would ask the federal Threatened Species

Scientific Committee to consider upgrading the devil's threatened

status. Mr McKim, whose original nomination resulted in the devil's

earlier listing as vulnerable, called on the state to match the

$10million allocated for the devil in last week's federal budget. The

level of state funding for the next financial year will not be known

until the state budget on June 12. Mr McKim also called for an end to

the " effective exemption " of logging operations and dam construction

from threatened-species laws. The forest industry argues its

forest-practices plans adequately accommodate threatened species, but

Environment Tasmania yesterday said logging was a key destructor of

devil habitat. State Primary Industries Minister David Llewellyn said

funding to save the devil had been " substantial and ongoing " . " We are

committed to finding an answer and saving the Tasmanian devil for

Tasmanians and the world, " he said. There was some good news for the

devils yesterday, with University of Tasmania researchers confirming

Cedric - the first devil known to have an immune response to DFTD -

had remained disease-free almost five months after being injected with

DFTD cells. If he remains healthy at the end of the incubation period

- late next month - this will suggest that devils that share his

genetic make-up are either resistant to DFTD or capable of responding

to a vaccine.

http://www.theaustralian.news.com.au/story/0,25197,23738461-5006788,00.html

 

Tropical Forests

 

28) In a report unveiled today at the UN conference on biodiversity in

Bonn, Greenpeace announced a plan to save tropical forests through a

fund for carbon and other ecosystem services. The plan comes as

support grows for the use of market mechanisms to link rainforest

conservation to fighting climate change. " Protecting ancient forests

is vital to tackle climate change, preserve global biodiversity, and

protect the livelihoods of millions of forest peoples. Tropical forest

destruction is responsible for about one fifth of global greenhouse

gas emissions, more than from the world's entire transport sector, "

the Forests for Climate report stated. " Industrialized countries that

commit to doing their fair share in reducing energy and industrial

emissions would be allowed to meet a portion of their overall

commitments through the purchase of cost effective 'tropical

deforestation units.' A major benefit for industrialized countries is

that the units would act as hard currency for compliance purposes,

since the mechanism would be responsible for delivering verifiable

emission reductions. " Greenpeace says the basis for the system would

be " Tropical Deforestation Emission Reduction Units " (TDERUs), newly

defined units that would be used for compliance with emission

obligations agreed upon in future international climate treaties.

Industrialized nations would be required to meet a certain percentage

of their emissions obligations using TDERUs purchased from the

mechanism. In effect, these countries would pay into a fund to reduce

deforestation in tropical nations. The fund would aim to raise $10-15

billion per year — the amount estimated by the UK government's Stern

report on climate change to reduce tropical deforestation by half.

Greenpeace says that funds generated from a Tropical Deforestation

Emission Reduction Mechanism (TDERM) would be used for

" capacity-building efforts and for national-level reductions in

deforestation emissions. " The environmental organization says that

national-level reductions in emissions would help prevent " leakage " or

the shifting of deforestation from one part of a country to another.

http://news.mongabay.com/2008/0520-greenpeace_carbon.html

 

 

29) " Tropical forests are the elephant in the living room of climate

change, " said Andrew Mitchell, the head of the GCP. Scientists say one

days' deforestation is equivalent to the carbon footprint of eight

million people flying to New York. Reducing those catastrophic

emissions can be achieved most quickly and most cheaply by halting the

destruction in Brazil, Indonesia, the Congo and elsewhere.No new

technology is needed, says the GCP, just the political will and a

system of enforcement and incentives that makes the trees worth more

to governments and individuals standing than felled. " The focus on

technological fixes for the emissions of rich nations while giving no

incentive to poorer nations to stop burning the standing forest means

we are putting the cart before the horse, " said Mr Mitchell.Most

people think of forests only in terms of the CO2 they absorb. The

rainforests of the Amazon, the Congo basin and Indonesia are thought

of as the lungs of the planet. But the destruction of those forests

will in the next four years alone, in the words of Sir Nicholas Stern,

pump more CO2 into the atmosphere than every flight in the history of

aviation to at least 2025.Indonesia became the third-largest emitter

of greenhouse gases in the world last week. Following close behind is

Brazil. Neither nation has heavy industry on a comparable scale with

the EU, India or Russia and yet they comfortably outstrip all other

countries, except the United States and China.What both countries do

have in common is tropical forest that is being cut and burned with

staggering swiftness. Smoke stacks visible from space climb into the

sky above both countries, while satellite images capture similar

destruction from the Congo basin, across the Democratic Republic of

Congo, the Central African Republic and the Republic of Congo.

According to the latest audited figures from 2003, two billion tons of

CO2 enters the atmosphere every year from deforestation. That

destruction amounts to 50 million acres - or an area the size of

England, Wales and Scotland felled annually. The remaining standing

forest is calculated to contain 1,000 billion tons of carbon, or

double what is already in the atmosphere. As the GCP's report

concludes: " If we lose forests, we lose the fight against climate

change. " Standing forest was not included in the original Kyoto

protocols and stands outside the carbon markets that the report from

the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) pointed to this month

as the best hope for halting catastrophic warming. The landmark Stern

Report last year, and the influential McKinsey Report in January

agreed that forests offer the " single largest opportunity for

cost-effective and immediate reductions of carbon emissions " .

http://www.independent.co.uk/environment/climate-change/deforestation-the-hidden\

-cause-of-glob

al-warming-448734.html

 

World-wide:

 

30) Organizations and scientists from around the world spoke about

their opposition to genetically engineered trees in relation to the UN

Convention on Biological Diversity's Ninth Conference of the Parties

(CBD COP-9). They that governments at the UN agree to accept the

proposal to suspend all releases of genetically engineered (GE) trees

into the environment, due to their extreme ecological and social

threats. Camila Moreno, a researcher from Terra de Direitos in Brazil

further explained, " there is a clear link between two of the major

issues tobe discussed at this meeting--agrofuels (biofuels) and GE

trees. " She added, " A clear sign of this is the ethanol cooperation

agreement being signed by Brazil and Germany. While German Chancellor

Angela Merkel was in Brazil, Brazil's President Luiz Inácio Lula da

Silva assured her that so-called second generation biofuels -- made

from GE trees and other cellulose--would better suit the German

market. Genetically Engineered trees threaten to contaminate native

forestsaround the world with unnatural and destructive traits such as

the ability to kill insects, or have reduced lignin--the substance

that enables a tree to stand up straight and withstand disease, "

stated Anne Petermann, Co-Director of Global Justice Ecology Project

(the North American Focal Point for Global Forest Coalition) and

Co-Coordinator of the STOP GE Trees Campaign. " Escape of these GE tree

traits into forests would devastate wildlife, biodiversity and

forest-dependent communities. It is for this reason that 137 groups

from 34 countries have become members of the STOP GE Trees Campaign to

demand a global ban on genetically engineered trees, " she added. At

the CBD COP-8 in Curitiba, Brazil in 2006, the CBD passed an historic

decision that urged countries to use the precautionary approach with

regard to genetically engineered trees. This amounts to a de facto

moratorium since the precautionary approach is a direct reference to

the precautionary principle, enshrined in the CBD. Groups are now

calling on the CBD to strengthen this decision into a binding halt to

any release of GE trees into the environment.

http://www.agoracosmopolitan.com/home/Frontpage/2008/05/17/02352.html

 

31) The difference is nowadays it can be hard for people to

differentiate between the conservation organizations and the business

interests they are supposed to be protecting these natural wonders

from. Groups like Conservation International (CI), which has more than

200 million " protected hectares " in its portfolio, have been heavily

criticized in the past for partnering with the very companies

environmentalists have long pointed the finger at as the key enemies

of their cause: Exxon Mobil, Shell, BP, Citibank, McDonald's,

Starbucks and Gap to name a few in CI's case. CI also partners with

the World Bank, which itself has been accused of schizophrenic

attitudes to preserving the world's forests in the past -- proclaiming

stewardship of them on one side while quietly encouraging commercial

logging on the other. Earlier in May, one CI partner, International

Paper, was accused of contravening its own terms with the

organization, by proposing to build a pulp mill and setting up a 1.2

million acre plantation in the middle of the Indonesian rainforest,

despite its own policy statement in 2003 which clearly stated:

" International Paper will not procure or use wood that originates in

biological hotspots or endangered, native forests in Indonesia or

other parts of the world designated by Conservation International. "

Pragmatists argue that engaging with corporations to try to get them

to improve their practices must be a better option than not engaging

with them at all. Simply telling corporations to leave the forests

alone, for example, is analogous to telling energy companies to leave

fossil fuels in the ground. It's a nice idea, but is not entirely

realistic. Organizations like the Global Canopy Program (GCP) point

out that the countries which play host to some of the world's most

valuable natural resources also tend to be the poorest. The world's

forests for example are home to more than 1 billion of the world's

" poorest, socially and politically disenfranchised " , says the United

Nations' Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC). Money spent by

agribusiness, mining and timber companies in these areas is much more

preferable to these countries' governments than no money spent there

at all. If you want to keep the world's remaining biodiversity

hotspots in pristine condition, GCP argues, you need to offer

financial incentives to the host countries, pointing out on its web

site, " these countries can hardly be expected to provide these

services for free " . GCP has a 20 percent stake in an investment firm

called Canopy Capital, which recently announced a different approach

to conservation deal making with the Iwokrama International Centrex

(IIC), a 371,000 hectare reserve in Guyana.

http://edition.cnn.com/2008/WORLD/asiapcf/05/16/eco.privateconservation

 

32) Examples abound, from the 1991 flash floods that swept down from

the hills into Ormoc City in Leyte, Philippines, killing approximately

8,000 people to the 1998 flooding of the Yangtze River in China that

devastated large areas of central China. Two years later floods in

Cambodia affected 3.5 million people, or a third of the population,

and 5 million people in Vietnam. In the same year, floods in

Bangladesh displaced more than 5 million people and in India 30

million. " Government officials, aid groups and the media are often

quick to blame flooding on deforestation caused by small farmers and

tree cutters, " says Durst, regional forestry officer of the Food and

Agriculture Organization (FAO) in Bangkok, Thailand. Such ideas have,

he says, have led some governments in the past to force poor farmers

from their lands and away from forests while doing nothing to prevent

future flooding. " Such actions are totally misguided, " he adds.So, are

floods caused by nature or by human activities such as logging? The

FAO report Forests and Floods: Drowning in Fiction or Thriving on

Facts? tries to separate fact from fiction, at least in terms of

forests and water. It also dispels some of the commonly held

misconceptions about the role of forests in flood mitigation.

" Clearly, floods are caused by nature, but in some cases they are

exacerbated by human activities, " Durst says.

http://www.peopleandplanet.net/doc.php?id=3285

 

33) Genetically engineered trees pose a tremendous threat to forest

biodiversity, and to indigenous peoples and local communities. I fear

that some delegations in this body are not taking this seriously. This

body must strengthen the decision on GE trees made at COP-8, to

prevent irreversible social, cultural and ecological impacts. I wish

to thank the delegate from Liberia, and the African Group for

insisting on the suspension of the release of GE trees, and also the

delegate from Bolivia who pointed out that GE trees will only benefit

large companies. Commercialization of GE trees is moving forward

rapidly, driven by pulp and paper and agrofuels industries. Wood-based

agrofuels will create a massive new demand for wood. These so-called

second generation agrofuels are further driving the commercialization

of GE trees and will result in increased illegal logging and

accelerated conversion of forests to massive monoculture tree

plantations of both conventional and GE trees. This, in turn, will

further drive climate change. The enhanced destruction of forests that

would result from the commercialization of GE trees will take a very

high toll, not only on wildlife and biodiversity, but on

forest-dependent and indigenous communities and women. You cannot say

that you support the rights of indigenous peoples and local

communities, and that you are committed to biodiversity protection,

yet simultaneously allow the release of GE trees. A ban on GE trees is

critical because of the enormous threat of trans-boundary

contamination. Scientists have determined that tree pollen can travel

for over 1,000 kilometers. Even GE tree scientists acknowledge this

threat. In the 2005 FAO report on GE trees, over half of researchers

surveyed named unintentional contamination of native ecosystems as a

major concern. I would also like to strongly caution this body about

using the Precautionary Principle as defined by Principle 15 under the

Rio Declaration. This definition is much weaker than precaution as

defined under the Cartegena Protocol, and includes large loopholes

that undermine it. globalecology

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