Fish Vanishing from Southeast Asian Oceans - Report

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Fish Vanishing from Southeast Asian Oceans - Report

 

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SYDNEY - Southeast Asia's oceans are fast running out of fish,

putting the livelihoods of up to 100 million people at risk and

increasing the need for governments to support the maintenance of

fish stocks, an Australian expert said.

 

Fisheries in the region had expanded dramatically in recent decades

and Indonesia, Thailand, Vietnam and the Philippines were now in the

top 12 fish producing countries in the world, Meryl Williams said in

a paper for Australia's Lowy Institute.

 

" As the fourth largest country in world fish production, Indonesia is

a fisheries giant. Yet ... Indonesian marine fisheries resources are

close to fully exploited and a significant number in all areas are

over-exploited, " she said.

 

Williams, a former director general of the international WorldFish

Center, said the number of fishers was still increasing in most

Southeast Asian countries despite a trend since the 1980s to close

frontiers due to territorial claims and overfishing.

 

In the Gulf of Thailand, the density of fish had declined by 86

percent from 1961 to 1991, while between 1966 and 1994 the catch per

hour in the Gulf by trawlers fell more than sevenfold.

 

In Vietnam, a new fishing power and a rising source of imports by

Australia, the total catch between 1981 and 1999 only doubled despite

a tripling of capacity of the fishing fleet -- a sure sign that

fishing was reaching capacity, she said.

 

In the Gulf of Tonkin, where Vietnam shares resources with China, the

record was even worse with fish catch per hour in 1997 only a quarter

of that in 1985.

 

" In the Philippines, most marine fisheries were overexploited by the

1980s, with catch rates as low as 10 percent of rates when these

areas were lightly fished, " she said.

 

Williams said Southeast Asian fisheries were serviced by a plethora

of regional bodies and agreements, but few acted effectively on

illegal fishing and shared stock management.

 

At the same time, illegal fishing was " dynamic, creative, clever and

usually one step ahead of authorities " .

 

A Southeast Asian government may issue a single fishing licence only

to find it being used by four different boats, she said. In

Indonesia, foreign fishing vessels, often Chinese in joint-ventures,

operated on the " margins of legality " in a geographically vast

archipelago.

 

Williams said Australia should step up collaboration with Southeast

Asian countries to help manage fish stocks. (Reporting by Michael

Byrnes; Editing by Richard Pullin)

 

 

Story 8/11/2007